Inyoni encane iSchur iyakha izidleke futhi ihlala ezihlahleni eziminyene zasendaweni ebandayo yetaiga. Lo mhlali wasehlathini ungowomndeni we-finch, unomlingiswa oyimfihlo kodwa othembayo, onekhono elihle lokuphimbo, ubheka ukudla ezihlahleni zamajikijolo nakuma-conifers.
Incazelo ye-pike
Ngokushesha nje lapho isithwathwa sokuqala siwela phansi, futhi izihlahla zilahlekelwa amaqabunga, izinyoni ezincane ezikhanyayo - ama-pike-hole - zindiza ziye eRussia. Bathola igama labo ngenxa yomsindo oyisici "schu-u-u-rrr". Izwi lenyoni lizwakala kokubili ekuthuleni kwehlathi nasemsindweni wedolobha. Izingoma zinomsindo omkhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, abesilisa kuphela abaculayo, abesifazane abakhiphi imisindo yokucula, yona (ngaphandle kombala wezimpaphe) futhi ehlukile kwabesilisa.
Ubukhulu benyoni buncane, kepha ngasikhathi sinye umzimba uminyene, ushayeke phansi. Phakathi kwezihlobo zayo, ihlukaniswa ngesifushane, esibanzi esisekelweni, uqhwaku olugobile kancane nomsila omude ngokungalingani.
Izimpaphe ze-pike ejwayelekile zinemibala egqamile, ekhanyayo, efana nezinkunzi zezinkunzi ngobuningi bezimpaphe nokwakheka kwemithunzi yowesilisa.
Ukubukeka
Umbala wepike ovamile, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uyafana nenyoni ye-bullfinch. Ikhanda nesifuba sakhe kupendwe ngombala ogqamile, obomvu klebhu. Ngemuva kubomvu klebhu, umsila nezimpiko kunsundu ansundu, banemigqa evundlile emnyama nokumhlophe, izimpaphe esiswini zimpunga. Njengoba uhlangane nale nyoni ehlathini egatsheni lesihlahla, akunakwenzeka ukususa amehlo akho ecwecweni elikhanyayo, le-motley eligqame ngokubonakalayo ngemuva kwesithwathwa, emnyama nokumhlophe, abalele eqhweni elijiyile, imvelo. Njengezinyoni eziningi, insikazi, ngokungafani nabesilisa abahlukahlukene futhi ababonakalayo, ibukeka inesizotha. I-pike "yamantombazane", esikhundleni somthunzi we-raspberry okhangayo, ipendwe ngamathoni aphuzi nsundu.
Ubukhulu bezinyoni
Umele isiteleka seqembu elidlulayo lomndeni we-finches, i-schur ejwayelekile inkulu kakhulu kune-greenfinch, finch kanye ne-bullfinch, yize bengabomndeni owodwa wezinyoni. Futhi iSchur, ngenxa yokubukeka kwayo okudelelayo, ingabizwa ngokuthi "iqhude laseFinland" kanye "nopholi waseFinland".
ISchur ejwayelekile iyinyoni encane. Ubungako bomuntu omdala abude ngamasentimitha angama-26 ubude. Iphiko lamaphiko lingamasentimitha angama-35-38. Ngasikhathi sinye, isisindo siyashintsha phakathi kwama-gramu angama-50-60 kuphela.
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo
I-Schur yinyoni esesilinganisweni esiphakathi kusuka ku-oda lokudlula. Ihlala kakhulu emahlathini ase-Asia, eMelika naseYurophu. Ngasikhathi sinye, inyoni ngokwesiko ihlala ezindaweni zazo ezisenyakatho kakhulu. Le nyoni ayitholakali ezindaweni ezinabantu, emadolobhaneni nasemadolobheni amakhulu, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuzithola ezingadini noma emapaki amadolobha. Ngaphandle kokuqhelelana okunjalo ukusuka ezindaweni zokuhlala abantu, lapho ehlangane nomuntu ehlathini elijulile, uzoziphatha ngokuzethemba okukhulu, aze amvumele nezitebhisi ezimbalwa. Futhi, isici esivelele sokukhetha izindlu ze-shur ubukhona besiziba esiseduze.
Ngokwemvelo nangendlela yayo yokuphila, i-schur ejwayelekile ifana ne-crossbill noma izinyoni ze-bullfinch. Njengoba sekushiwo, ngaphandle kokungathandi izindawo ezinomsindo, izimpaphe ngokwazo zikhohliseka kalula. Uvumela kalula umuntu asondele kuye ebangeni lamamitha amaningana, amnikeze intokozo eningi yobuhle bakhe nokucula.
Ukubaluleka kwemvelo kwale nyoni nakho kufanele sikusho. Ngenxa yesikhuni, izihlahla zezithelo nezihlahla zingahlala ezindaweni ezikude neziseduze. Yize kunamakhaza kanye nogu oluneqhwa, ukubhukuda emzimbeni wamanzi kubhekwa njengokuzilibazisa okuthandwa yi-Shchurs.
Yize inamaphiko amakhulu kangako, lezi zinyoni zihamba kalula ngaphakathi komqhele wezihlahla ezide zomjunipha, umlotha wasentabeni namanye amahlathi amade athela izithelo. Ngezinye izikhathi ngenkathi uhamba, ungabona ngisho nezinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-acrobatic. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, masishane lapho i-shchur isiphansi, umusa nokuzethemba kwalenyoni kuyanyamalala kwenye indawo, izimpaphe zama-raspberry zibukeka zingenangqondo, zihlekisa futhi zingakwazi.
Zingaki izimpilo ze-schur
Ukufana kwenyoni ye-pike ne-bullfinch kusivumela ukuthi sidwebe isikhathi sabo sokuphila. Ngokwesilinganiso, inyoni iphila cishe iminyaka eyi-10-12, uma igcinwa endle.
Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-pike ingagcinwa ekuthunjweni. Ngokugcinwa okufanele, ukugcinwa kombuso wokushisa, ukushintshwa okuvamile kweziqukathi ngamanzi nokuhleleka kwendawo yokubhukuda, i-shchur ingaphila isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi inganikeza inzalo evundile. Kepha inhlalakahle yomphumela wesimo incike ecaleni ngalinye. Inyoni eyodwa yalolu hlobo ingakwazi ukugxila kalula, futhi ngenxa yokuthambekela kwayo, ngokoqobo, iba yisilwane esifuywayo. Okunye ukufa ngokushintshwa kwendawo yokuhlala, ungalokothi wesule ekuboshweni ekhejini.
Futhi, uma ufuna ukuba nesilwane esincane esimnandi kangaka ekhaya, kufanele wazi ukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ezimweni zokushisa okushisa, abesilisa bepiki ejwayelekile balahlekelwa umbala wabo obomvu okhanyayo, baphenduke inyoni ebambekayo engaphuzi kangako.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Insikazi neduna le-pike ejwayelekile zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye. Kweduna, njengakwezinyoni eziningi zesilisa, umbala ukhanga kakhulu futhi uyakhanya. Izimpaphe zalo zinombala obomvu klebhu nebomvu, kuyilapho abesifazane, njengezinyoni ezincane, benemibala ephuzi ngokugqamile. Izimpaphe zazo zibukeka zingacwebezeli kangako. Kunokwehluka komzimba. Abesilisa bashaywe kakhulu phansi futhi bakhudlwana.
Futhi, abesilisa bangabonakala ngendlebe. Ama-pike abesilisa kuphela akwazi ukucula ama-trill. Ngakho-ke, phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, bakhombisa abamele besifazane bendawo yabo futhi balungele ukushada.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-shchur ejwayelekile ihlala emahlathini axubekile futhi ahlanganisiwe aseYurophu, eNyakatho Melika, futhi inani labo elincane labantu liphinde lihlale nasezidlekeni emahlathini ase-Asia. Ngasikhathi sinye, iShurhur iba nezimpande zokuzalwa kwenzalo kuphela emahlathini e-coniferous. I-shura ejwayelekile ihola zombili izindlela zokuphila ezifudukayo nezokuhlala phansi.
Kwesinye isikhathi ziyadideka nama-bullfinches, kepha nasesithombeni ungabona ukuthi ngokuhlolwa okuningiliziwe, lezi zinyoni ziyahluka ngokusobala komunye nomunye.
Ukudla kweSchur
Inyoni yeSchur ibhekwa njengehlathi elihlelekile. Ukondla imbewu, izinyoni ze-pike ngotshani abasetshenzisiwe zisabalalisa izinsalela zembewu indiza ezindaweni ezinde, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kuvela amahlumela amasha. Futhi, izinyoni zisiza izihlahla esezikhulile, zikhipha izinambuzane ezincane ngaphansi kwegxolo - izibungu, izimbungulu nezibungu zazo. Yize iningi labafuyi bezinyosi lingaphikisana nalokhu kanzima. Ngemuva kwakho konke, izimbobo zezinyosi zingaba usongo olukhulu ezihlungwini zezinyosi. Ngaphandle kweqiniso elibuhlungu elinje, iSchur ibhekisa ngokusemthethweni kumuntu othanda okusanhlamvu, ukudla kudla ikakhulu ngezimbewu zezihlahla ezinamakhaza nezihlahlakazayo. Futhi, imenyu ingafaka amahlumela amancane, amajikijolo namafihle wokuvuthwa.
Ngaphandle kokudla okuyinhloko kwezitshalo, ngokuntuleka kokudla kwezitshalo, i-schur evamile ngezikhathi ezithile ingasekelwa yizinambuzane. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izimvemvane ezigqwayizayo ezimisiwe, izimbungulu ezincane nezibungu zazo. Futhi, ngesilinganiso esikhulu sokudla kwezilwane, ukudla kwamachwane amancane kuhlelekile. Abazali babo baletha ukudla.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Isikhathi sokuzala siqala ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezimweni ezingavamile zokungahleleki ezimeni zezulu, okungukuthi intwasahlobo efudumele kakhulu, lesi sikhathi singaqala ekuqaleni, okungu-Mashi.
I-pike yesilisa ingumnumzane onamandla kakhulu, njengoba ezama ukuhlala eseduze nentokazi ekhethiwe. Undiza ezungeze insikazi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, owesilisa ucula njalo, ama-trill we-pike awaphansi neze kuma-nightingile, angaqhathaniswa nomculo odlala umtshingo.
Ngokushesha nje lapho owesifazane ehluliwe futhi ukukhwelana sekwenzekile, owesilisa uyayeka ukubamba iqhaza ekuphelelweni kwakhe okuqhubekayo, futhi umama okhulelwe uthatha ukwakhiwa okusebenzayo kwesidleke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngowesifazane ongavumeli ubaba wesikhathi esizayo ukuthi abambe iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwendawo yokuhlala nasekufundiseni okuqhubekayo kwamachwane. Isikhathi sokuhlelwa siwela ekuqaleni kwehlobo noma ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Indawo yokuhlala yakhiwe endaweni ephakeme kakhulu, insikazi izama ukuyibeka kude nesiqu somuthi ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isidleke sepiki sithokomele kakhulu. Ngaphandle kobuncane benyoni uqobo, indawo yokuhlala yakhiwa ngosayizi omangalisayo futhi inesimo esifana nesitsha. Amagatsha amancane nazo zonke izinhlobo zamakhaba otshani asetshenziswa njengezinto zokwakha. Ngezansi kugcwele umcamelo othambile wobulembu obutholakala kubukhulu be-fluff, izimpaphe noboya.
Ngokushesha nje lapho isidleke sesilungile, sekuyisikhathi sokubekwa kabusha okulandelayo. Njengomthetho, i-clutch eyodwa iqukethe amaqanda afika kwayisithupha amahle, ampunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphakathi nendawo. Uma ubhekisisa, amabala amnyama angabonakala ebusweni begobolondo.
Emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokuzalela, amaphuphu aqala ukuqandusela. Vele, owesifazane kuphela ohileleka ekuchamuseleni. Kulokhu, owesilisa uqala ukwenza uhhafu wesibili wemisebenzi yakhe ngemuva kokukhwelana - ukudla. Unikeza umama okhulelwe ukudla, ngemuva kokuzalwa kwezingane, usebenza futhi ekuzinikezeni kwabo, ngoba owesifazane okhathalela ngokweqile akasishiyi isidleke namachwane.
Umzimba wezilwane ezisencane umbozwe ngombala ompunga ngokushesha ngemuva kokuzalwa. Futhi kusukela ngomzuzu wokuqala wokuphila, izingane zinesifiso esihle kakhulu, ezifuna njalo ukudla kwabantu abadala. Ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu wokuphakelwa okuhle kakhulu, amaphuphu aqala ukuzizama ezindizeni, futhi ngenyanga eyodwa nengxenye yokuphila angashiya isidleke, ayofuna impilo ezimele.
Izitha zemvelo
Ubukhulu obukhulu benyoni ye-pike nombala wayo odonsayo kuyenza isisulu esibonakalayo esivela kude. Kepha indlela yokuphila ephakeme kangako ingakhuphula amathuba okusinda. Abahlukumezi bemvelo bahlanganisa izilwane ezinjengama-martens, izikhova namakati adla ezinye.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Inyoni yeSchur iyisilwane esingajwayelekile, kepha ayibonakali njengezilwane ezisengozini ngokusho kwe-IUCN.
