I-kulan ingenye yezinhlobo zezimbongolo zasendle. Ngeyomndeni we-equine, ihlobene nezinhlobo zase-Afrika zezimbongolo zasendle, kanye namadube nezinhlobonhlobo zasendle zamahhashi. Abaningi bakholelwa namuhla ukuthi lolu hlobo lwezilwane alukaze luthanjiswe ngabantu.
Incazelo ye-kulan
Kunenani elikhulu le-subspecies ye-kulan, abacwaningi abasenokungavumelani ngakho.... Izinhlobo ezingaphansi ezivame kakhulu zalezi zilwane yilezi:
- U-Onagr (i-Iranian kulan), uhlala endaweni esenyakatho ye-Iran;
- Izinhlobo zeTurkmen, indawo esatshalaliswayo eyiKazakhstan neTurkmenistan;
- I-Mongolian kulan ehlala eMongolia;
- Ama-subspecies aseNdiya, avame ukutholakala e-Iran, ePakistan, esifundeni esisenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNdiya;
- I-Qiang, ejwayelekile entshonalanga yeChina naseTibet.
Kuwo wonke ama-subspecies, i-kiang inezilinganiso ezinkulu kakhulu, isisindo somzimba esingafinyelela cishe ku-400 kg.
Ukubukeka kwe-Kulan
Kuyizinhlobo zakudala zamahhashi ezifana nembongolo ngezici. Ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela kumamitha amabili, kanti ukuphakama lapho kubuna kufinyelela kuma-cm 150. Isisindo somzimba salesi silwane cishe singama-200-300 kg. Inemilenze emincanyana, izinselo ezinde ezinde, nomsila omncane (ongafika ku-40 cm), ophela ngentshana. Umbala wesilwane uyahlukahluka: kusuka kumbala onesihlabathi kuya konsundu.
Kunombala ompunga. Kuwo wonke umhlane phakathi kwe-midline kukhona umugqa, omelwe yimibala emnyama yemibala. Umhlwenga oqondile, osuka ezindlebeni uqobo uye ekubuneni, umsila nezeluleko zezindlebe kumnyama ngombala, lapho ingxenye engezansi yomzimba, intamo, ikhanda, kanye nezindawo ezisemuva zomzimba we-kulan zilula. Azinawo ama-bangs afana namahhashi asekhaya.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-subspecies ama-kulans angahluka komunye nomunye. Izilwane ezihlala ezindaweni ezisezintabeni zincane ngosayizi futhi zinombala ogqamile. Imilenze yabo imifushane, amakhanda abo mancane, nezindlebe zabo zinkulu. Zifana kakhulu nezimbongolo ezijwayelekile. Ama-kulan ahlala emathafeni makhulu kakhulu, anemilenze emide futhi abukeka kakhulu njengamahhashi, amasonto afana nezimbongolo.
Ehlobo, umucu wezinwele mfushane, ulingana kahle esikhunjeni; ebusika, izinwele zinesikhathi eside esivelele nokubi.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Kuyisilwane somhlambi, imihlambi ingafinyelela emakhanda ayi-10-20. Umholi womhlambi ngowesifazane osekhulile, abanye basebancane... Owesifazane onolwazi kakhulu uhola wonke umhlambi ngemuva kwakhe, kanti owesilisa uhlala ebangeni elithile, ehlola indawo ezungezile futhi avikele wonke umhlambi. Esikhathini esiningi, wonke umhlambi uzulazula usuka endaweni uya kwenye ngezinyawo, kodwa uma kukhona ingozi engazelelwe, i-kulan ingafinyelela isivinini esifinyelela ku-60-70 km / h.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, bahlukaniswa nokukhuthazela kwabo - bangamelana nokugijima okunjalo imizuzu engaba ngu-5 kuya ku-10, okubanikeza ithuba lokuzifihla kubantu abangalungile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi ziyehluka ngekhono elihle lokugxuma. Akuyona inkinga ukuthi i-kulan igxumele ebangeni elicishe libe imitha elilodwa nohhafu, bese igxuma isuka komkhulu kunayo yonke - amamitha ayi-2,5.Umholi oyedwa uyakwazi ukuvikela umhlambi iminyaka eyishumi ilandelana. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, akakwazi ukufuna le ndawo futhi abesilisa abancane nabaqinile bayayithatha. Owesilisa owedlule ube esekudingisweni kulo mhlambi.
Imvamisa ama-kulan ayizilwane ezingenabungozi, ezisebenzayo futhi ezihambayo, kepha kunezikhathi lapho zingabukeka zesabeka impela. Isibonelo esinjalo yizimpi zabesilisa ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Abesilisa bame ngemilenze yabo yangemuva, bacindezele izindlebe zabo, babambe imihlathi, namehlo abe njengegazi. Abantu besilisa bamboza isitha sabo ngezinyawo zabo, ngaleyo ndlela bazame ukuzishaya phansi, bagedle izitho ngamazinyo abo ngokufana ngenhloso yokuzilimaza. Empini enjalo, umuntu angathola ukulimala okuphawulekayo, kepha akufiki ekuchithekeni kwegazi.
Kuyathakazelisa! AmaKulans anokuthula cishe kubo bonke abamele umhlaba wezilwane. Banikeza izimpungushe ukudonsa uboya obubunile ukuze bakhe izidleke. Izinja nezimvu azithandwa kakhulu yizo. AmaKulans abahlasela kakhulu.
Uma kwenzeka kusondela ingozi, iduna linikeza isignali ye-alamu eyazisa wonke umhlambi. Isililo sabo siyefana nesembongolo ejwayelekile yasekhaya. AmaKulans anezikhali ezinhle ezindlebeni zawo, ukuzwa okujulile, nokubona okubukhali, okubavumela ukuba babone isitha kude. Lezi zilwane azikhethi nhlobo ukuphila okuvamile. Ukuphumula kwabo endaweni evundlile kungahlala amahora angama-2, kanti ebusika - kungadluli isigamu sehora. Isikhathi esisele abakwa-kulan basichitha ngezinyawo zabo.
Mangaki ama-kulans ahlala
Ngeminyaka emine, ama-kulan afinyelela esikhathini sokuphila esivuthiwe ngokocansi. Isikhathi sabo sempilo sesicishe sibe yiminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Indawo yokuhlala nezindawo zokuhlala
Indawo ejwayelekile yama-kulans yi-Asia Ephakathi. Engxenyeni esenyakatho, zitholakala ezifundeni zaseTurkmenistan naseKazakhstan, entshonalanga - eduze nase-Iran, nasempumalanga zingatholakala eMongolia naseChina. Bahlala kuphela ezindaweni eziwugwadule nezingagwadule, ezitholakala ezintabeni nasezintabeni ezisezintabeni zemifula i-Asia.
Kuyathakazelisa! Njengamanje, kuchazwa ubukhona besibalo sabantu abangama-kulan endaweni yase-Afghanistan.
Kuyaqabukela ukuthola lezi zilwane emahlathini ezihlahla nakwezinye izimila eziphazamisa umbono wazo. Bazama ukugwema izindawo ezinjalo. Futhi gwema izindawo ezinesihlabathi esivulekile noma esingaqinile. Ensimini yaseRussia, indawo yabo yokuhlala isengxenyeni eseningizimu yeTransbaikalia neWestern Siberia.
Ukudla kwe-Kulan
Ngokuya kokudla, abanesizotha kakhulu. Zidla izimila ezahlukahlukene ezikhula emathafeni, ogwadule nasogwadule oluncane.... Ngisho nezimpande, amajikijolo omisiwe kanye neziqongo ze-shrub ziyakudla njengokudla. Ebusika, lapho befuna ukudla, bangahlephula ikhava yeqhwa bese bebhidliza iqhwa.
Iphuzu elibalulekile kubo umgodi wokuchelela. Yindawo yezindawo zamanzi ezinquma ukuthi zikuphi. Kepha nasemanzini, azivezi noma yikuphi okuthandayo - bangaphuza ngisho namanzi ababayo nosawoti.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Isikhathi sokukhiqiza sisuka ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Ngalesi sikhathi, eyeduna, eyayivame ukuba kude kude nomhlambi, iya kuye, idonsela ukunaka kwezinsikazi ngokuwela phansi othulini, igxishe umhlabathi ngezinyawo zayo, ngaleyo ndlela ikhombise ukuthi ikulungele ukuba nobuhlobo obubucayi. Abesifazane, abakulungele ukukhwelana, bamnikeza impendulo yabo, ekhonjiswa ngokuluma eyeduna lapho ibuna. Ngalokhu uzwakalisa ukuthi ukulungele ukuzala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngemuva kokuxhumana phakathi kwabo, inqubo yokukhwelana yenzeka ezilwaneni, okuphela ngokukhulelwa kowesifazane. Isikhathi sokukhulelwa kuma-kulans sihlala isikhathi eside. Ukukhulelwa kuthatha cishe izinyanga eziyi-12, ngemuva kwalokho ukubeletha kuyenzeka bese kuzalwa inkonyane. Masinyane ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwengane, insikazi iyasuka emhlambini futhi ibekwe buqamama ukuze ivikele ithole layo kwezinye izilwane ngemuva kokuzalwa.
Inkonyane likhuphukela ezinyaweni zalo cishe ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa futhi liyakwazi ukunyakaza ngokuzimela. Izinsuku ezingama-2-3 ubeka phansi endaweni eyimfihlo, lapho engabonakali kwezinye izilwane, bese ejoyina umhlambi. Ekuqaleni, insikazi imphakela ubisi, inkonyane lithola isisindo ngokushesha. Isisindo esilinganiselwe cishe ngama-gramu angama-700 ngosuku. Uma izinyane lilambile, lizokwazisa ngomama ngalo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Inkonyane, elizalwe ngesonto eledlule nje, selivele liyakwazi ukukhuphula ijubane lalo lokugijima elifinyelela ku-40 km / h.
Ukuvimba indlela yakhe, enikina ikhanda lakhe, eshaya uthuli ngezinyawo zakhe, akamvumeli ukuba athathe isinyathelo esisodwa. Uma umama eqamba amanga, khona-ke inkonyane liyakwazi ukuthola ngokuzimela indlela yokuthola ubisi lwebele. Isikhathi sokondla ingane cishe izinyanga eziyi-10. Ngalesi sikhathi, kancane kancane uqala ukuhlanganisa okunye, ukudla kokutshala, okuzodingeka akudle impilo yakhe yonke. Intsha ayizemukeli izingane ezisemhlambini wazo, ngakho-ke, zilwela ngazo zonke izindlela ukubaluma nokubacasula, kepha abazali abazwelayo bavikela ingane yabo njalo, ngalokho basindisa impilo yabo.
Izitha zemvelo
Isitha esiyinhloko sama-kulans yimpisi... Lesi silwane esidla inyama kuphela esikwazi ukuncintisana ne-kulan ngejubane nangamandla. Lezi zidlakela zibaqeda amandla ngokuzijaha isikhathi eside, kuthi lapho besondela emhlambini, bashaye isilwane esibuthakathaka. Uhlobo lokukhethwa kwemvelo. Amawundlu amancane ayinzuzo yezimpisi.
Imvamisa ngesikhathi sasebusika, ama-kulan abulawa ukuswela ukudla, ngoba alimaza imilenze yawo lapho iqhwa liphuka. Phambilini, bekuzingelwa lezi zilwane, kepha manje sekulahlekelwe ukuhlangana kwaso ngenxa yokuncipha okukhulu kwendawo yazo yokuhlala.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Lolu hlobo lwesilwane lubhalwe ku-International Red Book, kanti futhi luvikelwe yizifundazwe eziningi.
IKulana itholakala ezindaweni eziningi ezivikelwe, ama-zoo, izindawo zokugcina izilwane zasendle. Bajwayele abantu kahle futhi ngokushesha, banobungane nabo, kepha bangabi yizimfanelo, futhi futhi abaziboleki ekufuyweni. Ukuthunjwa akusona isithiyo ekukhiqizeni kwabo kabusha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ezimweni zemvelo, izinzwa ezikhethekile zinamathiselwe kuma-kulan ukuze ziqaphe umsebenzi wazo obalulekile.
Amazwe amaningi anezinhlelo okuhloswe ngazo ukubuyisa inani lalezi zilwane.
