IGermelin (iHermelin) ingunogwaja omncane noma omncane, owaziwa nangokuthi unogwaja wasePoland. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zithandwa kakhulu futhi zenzelwe ngokuphelele ukugcinwa kwezinyoni ekuthunjweni.
Incazelo yeHermelin
Imvelaphi ye-hermelin ayikasungulwa nakanjani namuhla.... Kucatshangwa ukuthi lolu hlobo olungajwayelekile lwatholakala ngokuwela unogwaja omhlophe othobekile kanye nomvundla omncane wesiliva.
Ukubukeka
IHermelines isici salo mhlobo, othambile futhi osilika, ngokukhazimula okukhanyisiwe, umugqa wezinwele, ubude bawo obufinyelela ku-1.8-2.0 cm. athuthukiswe kahle futhi eqinile ingxenye occipital. Imilenze imifushane kodwa inamandla kakhulu. Indawo yesifuba ibanzi futhi ijule ngokwanele. Ibhande ngemuva kwamahlombe kumuntu omdala cishe liyi-22-24 cm.
Ikhanda eliyindilinga linebunzi elibanzi nomlomo obanzi oyisicaba. Ububanzi obujwayelekile bebunzi besilisa obudala bungu-55 mm noma ngaphezulu, kanti kwabesifazane abavuthiwe cishe buba ngu-50 mm.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-hermeline enamehlo abomvu noma i-Pool Roodoog (Polonis) yakhuliswa ngabazalisi abangamaNgisi ngo-1903 ngesisekelo sohlobo lweHolandais, kanye ne-hermeline enamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma iPool Blauwoog (iHermine) eyaqala ukubonakala eJalimane ngo-1919, futhi iyinzalo yemfundamakhwela encane.
Uhlobo lutholakala ngamehlo amakhulu futhi aqhakazile, futhi oyindilinga kancane futhi aminyene, embozwe izinwele nezindlebe ezibekwe eduze, ezingekho ngaphezu kuka-50-55 mm ubude. Isisindo esiphelele noma "esiphilayo" sesilwane esidala singu-1.1-1.3 kg, ngesilinganiso sezehlakalo esingu-65-72%.
Izinga elijwayelekile
Izindinganiso zokuzala ze-hermelin njengamanje ziqinile impela, futhi zibandakanya ukuthola izilwane ezinezinwele ezijwayelekile ngamapharamitha alandelayo:
- umzimba uyisitokisi, uyindilinga, ngaphandle kwentamo eveziwe;
- izinyawo zangaphambili zifushane;
- i-ponytail encane elingana kahle emzimbeni;
- ukuntuleka kwamazolo kwabesifazane;
- uboya bombala omhlophe omsulwa, ngaphandle kobuphuzi kanye nombala ompunga, ngokubengezela okukhazimulayo;
- uzipho olungenambala;
- ikhanda elikhulu futhi elifushane;
- usayizi omkhulu, umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu wamehlo;
- ziqonde futhi zivale ndawonye, izindlebe ezinoboya obufanele futhi eziyindilinga.
Isisindo somuntu omdala sibonwa njengesihle ngaphakathi kwe-1.35 kg... Izilwane ezinesisindo esingaphansi kuka-0.8 kg nangaphezulu kuka-1.5 kg azifanele ukuzalaniswa kohlobo. I-hermelin enamehlo abomvu yavela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, futhi amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngo-1920. Eminyakeni engamashumi amabili yekhulu elidlule, izilwane zazalaniswa ngezindlebe ezimfishane nesifinyeto esifushane.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izindinganiso eziqinile zesisindo ngaphakathi kuka-750 g kanye nesifiso sokuthola onogwaja "abakhulu kakhulu" kubangele ukwehla okukhulu kokuzala nokuvela kwama-cubs angadluli kudoti ngamunye.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
IHermelins ihlangene, inobungane futhi inelukuluku, izimisele kakhulu ukungena ezandleni zayo futhi ayinamahloni, ngakho-ke iyashesha ukunamathela kubantu. Njengoba zingajwayele uthando nabantu, onogwaja balolu hlobo bagxila kubo kuphela, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubekela eceleni isikhathi sokuxhumana kwansuku zonke nesilwane esinjalo.
Njengoba umkhuba wokugcinwa kwekhaya ukhombisa, i-hermelin ingaqeqeshwa kalula kuthileyi, iphinde ifundiswe ukwenza imiyalo ethile elula engadingi mizamo ebalulekile esilwaneni.
Uhlobo lolo lubonakala ngokuhlukaniswa kwabantu ngobunjalo nangokuziphatha. Onogwaja basebenza ngokwengeziwe futhi bahamba, njengomthetho, banomlingiswa oveziwe, ngakho-ke bavame ukuphambuka kakhulu. Onogwaja bavame ukuzola, bathobeke, futhi kwesinye isikhathi babe ngamavila amancane noma babe nenkani kancane. Hhayi abantu abanesizungu kuphela abangathola onogwaja basePoland, kodwa futhi nemindeni emikhulu enezingane.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi esiphakathi sokuphila sikanogwaja wasekhaya ohlobisa uhlobo lweHermelin sisukela eminyakeni eyisikhombisa, kepha ngokunikeza isilwane esinjalo ngokunakekelwa okuhle, kungenzeka ukuthi sandise kakhulu lesi sikhathi.
Okuqukethwe kweHermelin ekhaya
Izinyathelo ezijwayelekile zokuqinisekisa ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-hermelin ekhaya kubandakanya ukudla okwejwayelekile kanye nokudla okunomsoco, ukugcina ikheji lihlanzekile, ukugeza ilanga, nokuzisika nokuzipholela njengoba kudingeka.
Ukukhethwa kweseli nokugcwaliswa
Ikheji likanogwaja wokuhlobisa kufanele lenziwe ngemeshini esezingeni eliphakeme futhi kwafakwa i-pallet elula. Ngonogwaja omncane, ungathenga ikheji elilinganisa u-40x30x40 cm, futhi ngesilwane esidala, ikheji kufanele libe ngu-80x60x80 cm.Ngaphakathi kwesikhala, udinga ukufaka indlu ekhethekile, hhayi enkulu kakhulu, futhi unikeze nendawo yokuhamba nokudla.
Akuvunyelwe neze ukufaka ikheji ngesilwane eduze kwezinto zokushisa noma emakamelweni abhalwe kakhulu. Umbuso omuhle wokushisa komoya egumbini kufanele ube ngu-18-20 ° С ngezinkomba zomswakama ezingeni lama-50%.
Ukunakekelwa kukaHermeline kanye nokuhlanzeka
Itreyi leseli kufanele lihlanzwe nsuku zonke... Kumele igezwe bese ibulawe amagciwane ngokuphelele. Uma ikheji likanogwaja lingafakwanga ithileyi elikhethekile, khona-ke imibhede ejulile kufanele ibekwe phansi, okufanele ithathelwe indawo kanye ezinsukwini ezintathu noma ezine.
Ukungayinaki imithetho eyisisekelo yenhlanzeko kaningi kuba yisizathu esiyinhloko sokwehlulwa kwesilwane ngezifo ezinzima futhi ezinzima kakhulu, ezithathelwanayo.
Ukuze unakekelwe ngokugcwele futhi efanele izinwele zonogwaja, kuyadingeka ukuthenga izesekeli ezikhethekile, ezimelwe ngamakhekhamu, ama-slickers kanye ne-koltunorezha. Uboya obudidiyelwe busikwe ngokucophelela ngesikele. Ukugeza unogwaja, kungakhathalekile ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki, akuvunyelwe nakancane. Gweba izinzipho zika-hermelina njengoba zikhula futhi, cishe kanye ngenyanga.
Ungayondla kanjani iHermelina
Isisekelo sokudla okuphelele kungumxube wezinhlamvu nosawoti osezingeni eliphakeme. Phakathi kokunye, ukudla kwesilwane kufanele kuhlukaniswe ngezithelo nemifino, utshani obuluhlaza, kodwa utshani obomile. Ama-oats nokolweni kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengokudla okuqinile, kanye nama-croutons kakolweni namagatsha ezihlahla ezinjenge-linden, i-birch, i-apula, i-willow. Ekhejini likanogwaja, kufanele njalo kube namanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile kanye netshe elikhethekile lamaminerali.
Kuzoba mnandi: okuzondla onogwaja
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
Izifo eziyinhloko zikanogwaja wokuhlobisa ogcinwe ekhaya zingamelwa ngu:
- izifo zamathumbu;
- ukushiswa yilanga noma ukushisa;
- ukulimala okubuhlungu;
- izifo zokuphefumula;
- i-pododermatitis;
- i-conjunctivitis;
- rickets;
- isithwathwa;
- i-rhinitis esithathelwanayo;
- i-dermatophytosis noma i-microsporia;
- isifo segazi esibuhlungu;
- i-stomatitis esithathelwanayo;
- i-myxomatosis;
- i-pasteurellosis;
- staphylococcosis
- listeriosis.
Ukukhubazeka okuncane kokuzala kufaka phakathi umbala ophuzi noma ompunga, kanye nokukhanya kwengubo enganele. Futhi, ukukhubazeka kungamelwa yellowness eqinile noma izinwele ezimpunga, zihlukaniswe kabanzi, zibukhali noma zimbozwe kahle ngezinwele, ezacile noma ezinamakhanda, izindlebe ezinzima kakhulu.
Ukuzalela i-hermelin
Ama-hermelinas okuhlobisa ayavuthwa ngokocansi, ngakho-ke akulungele ngokuphelele ukukhiqizwa kabusha, cishe ezinyangeni eziyisithupha noma eziyisishiyagalombili. Owesifazane uhlala phansi kowesilisa, kepha uma eziphatha ngodlame kakhulu, izilwane ezifuywayo kufanele zihlale phansi... Njengomthetho, insikazi ekuzingeleni neyesilisa evuthiwe ngokobulili isele ndawonye cishe izinsuku ezinhlanu.
Ukukhulelwa kukanogwaja wasekhaya kuhlala cishe inyanga, futhi cishe isonto ngaphambi kokuqala kwe-okrol, owesifazane uqala ukwakha isidleke ngenkuthalo. Kunconywa ukususa onogwaja kwabesifazane kuphela lapho benenyanga eyodwa nohhafu. Ungathathi onogwaja abahlobisa ngemifino ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabili ngonyaka.
Ukuthenga unogwaja waseHermelin
Onogwaja abafuywayo abancane bezinhlobo ze-hermelin njengamanje abathandwa kangako kubafuyi, uma kuqhathaniswa nemifino enemibala, kepha akuyona neze into exakile, ezweni lethu nakwamanye amazwe.
Okubalulekile!Lapho ukhetha isilwane, ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhwe ekubukekeni kwezindlebe, okufanele kube kuncane futhi kube yindilinga. Izindlebe ezinkulu kakhulu ziyisici se-hermelin engcolile. Isilwanyane esiphilile kufanele sisebenze, sinyakaze kahle futhi sihlanzeke kahle, singakhiphi ubovu.
Ukuze ukuthengwa kube yimpumelelo, unogwaja wokuhlobisa kufanele athengwe kuphela ezinkulisa ezifakazelwe kahle noma ezitolo ezikhethekile zezilwane ezifuywayo. Kungcono ukuthenga onogwaja onenyanga eyodwa nohhafu noma izinyanga ezimbili ubudala. Izindleko zesilwane sokuzihlobisa ezihlobisa noma unogwaja wombukiso ziqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezintathu.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
IHermelins mihle kakhulu futhi ihlanzekile, futhi inobuhlakani obuphakeme impela futhi iyakwazi ukunamathela ngokuqinile kumnikazi, iqaphela abantu ongabazi. Isilwane esihle kangako sikwazi ukunqoba masinyane wonke umuntu omzungezile, kepha unesimilo esiqinile futhi esinenkani kancane.
Imvamisa, ama-hermelinas ekuqaleni akhula ngokungalingani kakhulu - esilwaneni esinjalo, kungaba isifonyo noma izindlebe. Isikhathi esimaphakathi "sezinto ezimbi" ezinjalo, njengomthetho, sithatha izinyanga eziyisithupha, futhi ukwakheka okugcwele konogwaja bokuhlobisa kuyaphela, imvamisa kakhulu ngonyaka.
Noma imuphi onogwaja, ngokwemvelo yabo, bayizilwane zomhlaba, ngakho-ke, endle, umuntu ngamunye unezakhe, imink engafani nenye. Kodwa-ke, onogwaja bokuhlobisa bazimisele impela ukuxhumana nabangane babo lapho kukhona indawo engathathi hlangothi.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ekhaya, ungaba nonogwaja abambalwa futhi uzame ukubenza abangane. Ubudlova obuncane buyabonakala uma izilwane zigcinwa ndawonye kusukela zisencane kakhulu.
I-Germelin ihlukaniswa nempilo enhle impela, futhi ukondla okufanele nokuhamba okuvamile ngaphandle kwekheji, kanye nokugoma minyaka yonke, kuvumela isilwane esinjalo ukuba sihlale endaweni yasekhaya iminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani elincane le-hermelin elicwengekileyo likhiqizwa ezindaweni zokubeletha nasemakilabhini. Abafuyi abaningi bakhetha ukugcina le onogwaja bokuhlobisa kuphela njengezithuthukisi zezinhlobo ezithile zemifino.
