Isicabucabu se-wolf (i-Lycosidae) singesomndeni wesicabucabu se-araneomorphic, futhi singummeleli ovelele wochungechunge lwe-Entelegynae. Ezimweni zemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili, ezihlanganiswe emkhakheni ongaphezu kwekhulu.
Incazelo nokubukeka
Kanye nezinye izinhlobo ze-Araneae, isicabucabu sempisi sibonakala ngesakhiwo somzimba esidala... Inhloso enkulu ye-cephalothorax ukuthinta, ukumunca ukudla, ukuphefumula nokusebenza kwe-locomotor noma umsebenzi wezimoto. Izitho zangaphakathi ze-arthropod zitholakala emgodini wesisu. Njengoba ikhula futhi ikhula, isicabucabu sizoncibilika.
Isikhathi sokuphila sesicabucabu sempisi singahluka ngokuya ngosayizi nezinhlobo. Njengomthetho, izinhlobo ezincane kunazo zonke azihlali ezinyangeni eziyishumi nambili. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zingaphila ngaphezu kweminyaka emibili kuya kwemithathu. Abantu abasha nabesifazane abavundisiwe baya ebusika.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-Spider blood noma i-hemolymph iqukethe ithusi futhi iyabonakala, kepha iba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emoyeni ovulekile. Lawa ma-arthropods awanayo ngokuphelele imithambo nemithambo, futhi nge-hemolymph, ubuhlobo obuhlala njalo phakathi kwazo zonke izitho buqinisekiswa.
Ukucaciswa kwesicabucabu sempisi kunguhlobo lombala womzimba kanye nekhono elimangalisayo lokuzifihla, ngokuhlangana nemvelo. Okuvame kakhulu emvelweni ngabantu abanomzimba onsundu, ompunga noma omnyama. Akuvamile ukuthola izicabucabu zombala wokukhanya okungafani nobuntu.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa:
- usayizi womzimba wabesilisa mncane kunowabesifazane;
- abesilisa bavame ukuba mnyama kakhulu kunabesifazane;
- abesifazane banezingaphambili ezingakhuli kahle.
Abesilisa ngenkuthalo basebenzise izingalo zangaphambili ezinamandla ukuheha abesifazane, kanye nenqubo yokukhwelana.
Indawo yokuhlala
Izicabucabu ze-Wolf cishe zikuyo yonke indawo. Okuhlukile yi-Antarctica, lapho inhlabathi nezimo zezulu kungakulungeli ukuphila kwalezi zinhlobo ze-arthropods. I-Lycosidae ivame ukutholakala emazweni anezinkathi ezinde ezifudumele.
Indawo ehlala kuyo izimfunda ezinotshani, izihlahlana, amaqabunga awile nezindawo ezinamadwala, kepha imvamisa isicabucabu sempisi sihlomisa ukuhlala kwaso ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu. Lezi zinhlobo zisabalele ezindaweni ezingamahlathi ezisondelene kakhulu nezindikimba zamanzi zemvelo.
Ukudla okunomsoco endaweni engokwemvelo
Isicabucabu salolu hlobo sinamehlo ayisishiyagalombili, ahlelwe ngemigqa emithathu. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izitho zombono wesicabucabu sempisi zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu futhi zikuvumela ukuthi ubambe inyamazane kude kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa isimo, isicabucabu sikwazi ukubona isisulu saso buqamama lekota yemitha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Imilenze yesicabucabu iqukethe amadolo angama-48. Ilungu ngalinye lesicabucabu linamalunga ayisithupha, futhi indawo embozwe izinwele ezikhethekile isiza izicabucabu ukuzingela ngempumelelo.
Ukudla, izicabucabu ze-wolf zisebenzisa ama-cicadas, izimbungulu ezincane zehlathi kanye namabhungane, omiyane, ama-aphid nezinye izinambuzane eziphakathi nendawo. Isikhathi sokuzingela singahluka. Ezinye izinhlobo zihamba ngenkuthalo zifuna inyamazane ngezikhathi zasemini, kuyilapho ezinye izinhlobo zilandelela inyamazane yazo ebusuku kuphela. Isicabucabu ngasinye sinezindlela zaso zokuzingela. Izicabucabu eziningi zihamba masinyane ebusweni bomhlaba futhi zibheke inyamazane, kepha abanye abantu bahlela ukuqamekela kwangempela, futhi, ngemuva kokuthola isisulu, ngokushesha bashesha kuso ngokugxuma okunamandla.
Ukubaluleka kohlelo lwemvelo
Izicabucabu zalezi zinhlobo azeluki iwebhu ngokuqondile njengesicupho, kodwa zisebenzisa intambo yobulembu ukumboza ukungena komgodi wazo.... Izicabucabu ze-Wolf zingezokuqiniswa kwemvelo kwenombolo yezinambuzane eziyingozi nezinambuzane zezitshalo, ngakho-ke zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekulinganisweni kwemvelo. Indima yalezi zigcawu kwezolimo ibaluleke kakhulu, lapho kuyo yonke inkathi efudumele ibhubhisa inani elikhulu lezinambuzane zezitshalo ezahlukahlukene zezingadi nezokuhlobisa.
Ingozi kubantu
Lezi zinhlobo ze-arthropods zingokwesigaba sabamele ababuthakathaka abanobuthi bama-arachnids futhi azithandi nhlobo ukuhlasela izilwane ezinegazi elifudumele noma abantu. Lapho ithola ubungozi, isicabucabu sempisi siphenduka masinyane ngokwanele sibheke phansi siyeke ukukhombisa izimpawu zokuphila. Esimweni esinjalo esingakhululekile samathambo, ngaphandle kokunyakaza, isicabucabu singaba isikhathi eside, kuze kube yilapho usongo ludlula ngokuphelele.
Kunezimo lapho ukuhlaselwa okucijile nokuzumayo kwesicabucabu sempisi kumenze waba nolaka, futhi kwavusa i-arthropod ukuba ilume, engakwazi ukusongela ngqo impilo yomuntu, kepha engadala ubuhlungu, ukubomvu kwesikhumba nokuvuvukala okulingene. Kulokhu, kunconywa ukuthi unamathisele i-ice pack endaweni yokuluma, futhi uthathe noma iyiphi i-antihistamine.
Izici zokuzala
Inqubo yokukhwelana ezindaweni ezihlala ezifundeni nasezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esilinganiselayo yenzeka ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezishisayo zingahlangana unyaka wonke. Izicabucabu zempisi yesilisa, kungakhathaleki ukuthi zinhloboni noma ubudala, zinakekela abesifazane ngempumelelo enkulu... Imidanso yokukhwelana iqala ngesiginali ethunyelwe owesilisa ukuheha abesifazane. Zinyakazisa ngokucophelela izingalo zangaphambili, owesilisa usondela kancane kowesifazane. Uma umdanso wokukhwelana wawunentshisekelo kuye, bese uphendukela kowesilisa, bese ugoqa imilenze yangaphambi komlingiswa, lapho owesilisa engagibela khona emhlane wakhe futhi enze inqubo yokukhwelana.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhwelana, insikazi ibheka indawo eyimfihlo, lapho umucu welukelwa khona i-oviposition. Ngemuva kokuba wonke amaqanda esezelwe, insikazi imboza umhlanga ngezingqimba zezindwangu, iwunike umumo oyindilinga. Owesifazane udlulisela umfequ onjalo ekugcineni kwesisu, endaweni yesitho esiphothayo, amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Ngokushesha nje lapho kufika isikhathi sokuba izingane zizalwe, insikazi iyayinqamula i-cocoon kuye futhi iyiphule ngokushesha ngosizo lwe-chelicera. Izingane ezichanyuselwe zibekwa kowesifazane futhi zihlala kanjena zize zithole ukuzimela futhi azikwazi ukuzingela inyamazane ngaphandle kosizo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Isicabucabu sempisi kwesinye isikhathi sizala inani elikhulu lamawundlu, ngakho-ke ziyakwazi ukumboza wonke umzimba wowesifazane ngezendlalelo eziningana. Ngenxa yalokho, amehlo kuphela adingekayo okufuna inyamazane ahlala ekhululekile.
Njengomthetho, ukhathele yindlala nokunakekela inzalo, isicabucabu sempisi sowesifazane siyafa ngemuva kokuba inzalo isivuthiwe, kepha abanye babantu abanamandla bayakwazi ukululama, futhi maduze baye ebusika ukuze banikeze impilo enzalweni entsha ngesizini elandelayo.
Ukunakekelwa kwekhaya
Abamele i-arthropods bayathakazelisa kakhulu, futhi ukubuka izilwane ezifuywayo ezingavamile kuyajabulisa kakhulu. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, izicabucabu azithathi isikhathi esiningi sokushiya futhi zabela indawo eningi yekhaya. Ekhaya, njengomthetho, kugcinwa kuphela izinhlobo ezingavamile kakhulu ezitholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ososayensi bazamile ukukhipha isicabucabu sempisi esitsheni esikufukamela sokufakelwa, kodwa ukuzama okunjalo ngesibindi kwakungeke kuphumelele. Ukuphucwa kweso lokuqondisa kwabazali kwadala ukubola ngokushesha komfece.
Ngaphandle kokuthi i-arachnid ejwayelekile yasekhaya yi-tarantula, izicabucabu zempisi, ezisakazeke kakhulu emvelweni, nazo zikubekezelela ukuthunjwa kalula.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Namuhla, izicabucabu zempisi ziba yizilwane ezifuywayo njalo. Ezinye izinyathelo zokuqapha kumele zigcinwe lapho zigcinwa endlini:
- kungcono ukugcina isicabucabu e-aquarium, umthamo wayo uhluka phakathi kwamalitha ayi-10-20;
- i-aquarium kufanele igcwale ama-peat chips noma umhlabathi wehlathi, ungqimba lwe-6-12 cm;
- umbuso wokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-aquarium kufanele ugcinwe ngaphakathi kobubanzi obungu-25-30 ° C phakathi naso sonke isikhathi sokugcina isicabucabu;
- umswakama omkhulu ungama-75-80%;
- ukuvimbela ukulunywa okubuhlungu, ungathathi isigcawu ngokungazelele ezandleni zakho.
Okubalulekile!Izinkomba zomswakama nezokushisa kufanele zilawulwe ngokuqinile, futhi, uma kunesidingo, zikhuphuke ngokumboza i-aquarium ngepulasitiki eguqukayo noma ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki.
Imithetho yokuphakela
Isicabucabu sempisi iyi-arthropod enamandla kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele sinikezwe inani elanele lokudla okuphelele. Ukudla okuphilayo okufana nezinyendle, amaphela, izimpukane, omiyane nezibungu zebhungane kungasetshenziswa ukondla izicabucabu zalolu hlobo. Ukudla kwesicabucabu sempisi kumele kufake amanzi ahlanzekile nezinambuzane eziqoshiwe, ezomisiwe.
Amathiphu Wokutholwa
Kungcono ukugcina abesifazane besekhaya, impilo yabo ekuthunjweni yiminyaka emine noma ngaphezulu. Lapho uthola owesilisa, umuntu kufanele akhumbule ukuthi bangahlala ekuthunjweni isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka emibili futhi, lapho sebefinyelele ebusheni, bafa ngokushesha ngokwanele. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, abesifazane, noma bevalelwe, bayakwazi ukukhiqiza izingane eziningi minyaka yonke. Izindleko zomuntu omdala wezinhlobo ezivamile ezweni lethu azivamile ukudlula ama-ruble angama-500. Izibonelo ezingaphandle ezingenisiwe ezivela emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo zilinganiswe nge-oda eliphakeme kakhulu.
