I-sand spider eyed eyisithupha (Sicarius hahni) - ingeyesigaba sama-arachnids. Lolu hlobo lwaqala ukukhonjwa yisazi semvelo saseFrance uCharles Valkener (1847).
Ukusabalalisa isihlabathi isicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha
Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha sitholakala eNingizimu Melika naseNingizimu Afrika. E-Afrika, kuhlala ezifundeni eziwugwadule esifundazweni saseNtshonalanga Kapa eNamibia.
Izindawo zokuhlala zesicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha
Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha sihlala ezingwadule, sihlala ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi eyisihlabathi. Ifika phakathi kwamatshe, ngaphansi kwamatshe, ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, ngaphansi kwezinkuni ze-drift neziqu ezibolile.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesicabucabu esinesihlava esinamehlo ayisithupha
Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha sinosayizi womzimba ongu-8 kuye ku-19 mm. Izitho zifinyelela ku-50 mm ubude. Ukubukeka kwesicabucabu kufana nesiteketiso sesicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha, njengoba kwesinye isikhathi sibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yokuma komzimba osicaba nokuhlelwa okukhethekile kwezitho. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu hlobo lunamabili amathathu ngamehlo, akha imigqa emithathu. Umbala wekhava le-chitinous ubomvu onsundu ngokubomvu noma ophuzi. I-cephalothorax nesisu sesicabucabu kumbozwe izinwele ezikhuni, ezifana nezingulube, ezisebenza ukugcina izinhlayiya zesihlabathi. Lesi sici sinikeza ukufihla okusebenzayo noma ngabe isicabucabu asifihli futhi siphezulu.
Ukudla isicabucabu esinesihlava esinamehlo ayisithupha
Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha asihambi sizingela isisulu saso futhi asakhi ubulembu besicabucabu obubanzi. Lesi isilwane esidla izibi, silinda endaweni yokukhosela, sizingcwabe esihlabathini, lapho ufezela noma isinambuzane siseduze. Ngemuva kwalokho ibamba isisulu ngezitho zangaphambili, siyikhubaze ngoshevu bese simunca kancane okuqukethwe ngaphakathi. Isicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha kungenzeka ukuthi asondli isikhathi eside.
Ukuzalela isicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha sesihlabathi
Izicabucabu zesihlabathi ezinamehlo ayisithupha azivamile ngokwedlulele, zihola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo, ngakho-ke akukho lwazi olwanele ngokukhiqizwa kwalolu hlobo. Izicabucabu zesihlabathi ezinamehlo ayisithupha zinomkhuba oyindida wokukhwelana. Uma isicabucabu singaphenduli esenzweni sowesilisa futhi singasabeli ocingweni, khona-ke owesilisa uphoqeleka ukuba acashe ngesikhathi ukuze angabi yisisulu sowesifazane onolaka. Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhwelana, udla umlingani wakhe. Bese kuthi, ngezinsipho zomhlanga nesihlabathi, akhe umfece omise okwendishi lapho kutholakala khona amaqanda. Izicabucabu ezincane zikhula kancane. Ngokwemvelo, izicabucabu ezinamatshe ayisithupha ezinesihlabathi zihlala cishe iminyaka eyi-15, ekuthunjweni zingaphila iminyaka engama-20-30.
Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha singesinye esinobuthi kakhulu
Izicabucabu zesihlabathi ezinamehlo ayisithupha zihola indlela yokuphila eyimfihlo kakhulu futhi zihlala ezindaweni ezinjengokuthi amathuba okuhlangana kwazo nomuntu mancane. Isicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha sihlukaniswa njengesinye sezicabucabu ezinobuthi kakhulu.
Ucwaningo lobuthi luye lwabonisa ukuthi ubuthi besicabucabu sesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha bunomphumela onamandla kakhulu we-hemolytic, sibulala amangqamuzana abomvu egazi, kuyilapho i-hemoglobin ingena ku-plasma yegazi necrosis (ukufa kwamaseli nezicubu eziphilayo). Kulokhu, izindonga zemithambo yegazi nezicubu zibhekana necrosis, futhi kwenzeka ukopha okuyingozi.
Okwamanje ayikho ikhambi elaziwayo lobuthi besicabucabu sesihlava esinamehlo ayisithupha. Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi onogwaja abalunywe yisicabucabu bafa esikhathini esifushane, amahora angu-5-12. Ukwelashwa kwemiphumela yesihlabathi isicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha, njengakho konke ukulunywa nge-cytostatic, kufaka phakathi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesibili kanye nokuyeka ukuqina kwe-intravascular. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokutholakala kokuthintana nezicabucabu zesihlabathi ezinamehlo ayisithupha, azikho izibalo ezinembile zezisulu zokulunywa kwazo. Ngokusobala, abavamile kakhulu, ngisho nasezindaweni abahlala kuzo, ukudala ukukhathazeka okukhulu.
Izici zokuziphatha kwesicabucabu esinesihlabathi esinamehlo ayisithupha
Izicabucabu ezinamehlo ayisithupha azenzi izicupho zewebhu. Ngokungafani nabazingeli abaningi bokuqamekela, njenge-tarantula noma isicabucabu se-funnel, abazimbi imigodi noma basebenzise izindawo zokukhosela zabanye abantu ukuzingela. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu lunamandla okuzika esihlabathini futhi luhlasele ngokungalindelekile isisulu esikhasayo. Izinhlayiya zesihlabathi zigodliwe yi-cuticle yesisu, zakha ukufihla kwemvelo okusifihla ngokuphelele isicabucabu. Uma kutholakala isicabucabu esinamehlo ayisithupha, bese sibuyela emuva ibangana bese siyazingcwaba esihlabathini futhi. Lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu aluthambekele kahle endaweni, ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo zesicabucabu. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezingezinhle, ihlala ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke ingeyabazingeli besineke. Inani lama-subspecies lisencipha, futhi inani elithe ngqo alaziwa (izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa), ngoba isihlabathi izicabucabu ezinamehlo ayisithupha zingamakhosi adumile okuzifihla futhi kunzima ukuzithola endalweni.
