Isicabucabu iHorny (i-Larinioides cornutus) ingeyokulandelana kwezicabucabu, ama-arachnids ekilasi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwesicabucabu esimpondo.
Isicabucabu iHorny sitholakala eNyakatho Melika, sisakazeka sisuka enyakatho neMexico, kulo lonke elase-United States naseCanada, kanye naseningizimu nasempumalanga ye-Alaska. Lezi zinhlobo zisabalale kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNtshonalanga ye-Asia. Kunezindawo ezincane ezihlala izicabucabu eKorea naseKamchatka, empumalanga yeChina naseJapan, kanye nasezingxenyeni ezithile ze-Afrika, kufaka phakathi nenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Algeria ne-Egypt. Izindawo ezihlukile zitholakale nase-Australia, eGreenland nase-Iceland.
Indawo yesicabucabu okuthiwa i-horny spider.
Iziphambano ezingama-Horny zivame ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama eduze kwemizimba yamanzi noma ezindaweni ezinezimila eziminyene. Ukwakhiwa kwabantu okunjengezinqolobane, izhede, izindawo zokugcina izimpahla, namabhuloho kuyizindawo ezifanele zalezicabucabu njengoba zinikeza indawo yokuhlala efanelekile elangeni.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zesicabucabu okuthiwa i-horny spider.
Isipikili esine-horny sinesisu esikhulu, esine-convex, esimise okweqanda, esisicaba esiqondisweni se-dorsoventral. Umbala wayo uhluke kakhulu: omnyama, ompunga, obomvu, umnqumo. I-carapace e-chitinous inephethini elikhanyayo ngesimo somcibisholo oqondiswe ku-cephalothorax.
Izitho zinemishwe ngombala ofanayo ne-carapace futhi zimbozwe izinwele ezinkulu (macrosetae). Amabili amabili emilenze yangaphambili alingana nobude bomzimba wesicabucabu, kanti imilenze yawo yangemuva imifushane. Abesilisa banosayizi abancane bomzimba, umbala womzimba ulula ukwedlula owabesifazane, ubude babo busuka ku-5 kuye ku-9 mm, kanti abesifazane basuka ku-6 kuye ku-14 mm ubude.
Ukukhiqizwa kophothi olungamathambo.
Abesifazane be-hornbeam baluka imifece emikhulu kasilika emaqabungeni ezitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, isicabucabu sowesifazane sikhipha ama-pheromones ukuheha owesilisa, unquma ubukhona besifazane ngosizo lwama-chemoreceptors.
Abesifazane babeka amaqanda angenazicucu ngaphakathi kukakhokho lapho owesilisa ejova isidoda esivulekeni sangasese sowesifazane esebenzisa iziphandla.
Amaqanda avundisiwe anombala ophuzi futhi azungezwe ama-cobwebs, umfece uvame ukubekwa endaweni evikelekile, ulenga phansi kweqabunga, noma ubekwe emfantwini wegxolo. Amaqanda asemphongolweni ngemuva kokukhulelwa akhula kungakapheli inyanga. Insikazi isangakhwelana neyesilisa uma amaqanda angakavundiswa ahlala ngemuva kokukhwelana kokuqala. Ngakho-ke, owesilisa akasuki ngokushesha kowesifazane, kuyilapho kwezinye izimo insikazi idla owesilisa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuxhumana okulandelayo. Kodwa-ke, uma insikazi ingalambile, isicabucabu siqhubeka siphila, naphezu kwalokhu, usafa ngokushesha ngemuva kokukhwelana, anikeze wonke amandla akhe ekwakhiweni kwenzalo. Insikazi ifa ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda, kwesinye isikhathi iyasinda, ilinde umfece, ilinde ukuthi kuvele izicabucabu. Ngokushoda kokudla, amaqanda angenamvubelo ahlala emakhokho, futhi inzalo ayiveli. Ukukhwelana ngeziphambano ezinama-horny kungenzeka kusukela entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla futhi, njengomthetho, kukhawulwe kuphela ngokutholakala kwemithombo yokudla. Izicabucabu ezichanyuselwe zihlala emgodini ovikelayo izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezintathu zize zivuthwe. Lapho sebekhulile, bayohlakazeka beyofuna izindawo ezifanele nokutholakala kokudla. Izinga lokusinda kwezicabucabu ezisencane zehluka kakhulu futhi kuya ngezimo zemvelo.
Iziphambano ezingamaHorny ziyakwazi ukusinda ngisho nasezikhathini ezibandayo zasebusika. Amaqoqo amancane ngokuvamile azalela entwasahlobo. Bahlala emvelweni iminyaka emibili.
Ukuziphatha kwesicabucabu okuthiwa i-horny.
Iziphambano ezinama-Horny yizilwane ezidla zodwa ezakha izintambo zazo zesicabucabu eduze nohlaza lwamanzi noma izakhiwo, endaweni evikelekile elangeni. Zilenga iwebhu yazo iphansi ngenhla komhlabathi ezihlahleni noma phakathi kotshani, ibanzi impela futhi inemisebe engama-20-25.
Usayizi wemeshi omaphakathi unendawo ephelele engu-600 kuye ku-1100 sq. Cm.
Izicabucabu zivame ukuhlala komunye wemicu yomsakazo efihlwe emthunzini usuku lonke. Ngemuva kokuzingela ebusuku, balungisa isicupho esonakele nsuku zonke. Ngokushoda kokudla, iziphambano ezinama-horny ziluka inethiwekhi enobubanzi obukhulu ngisho nangokwengeziwe ngobusuku obubodwa ngobusuku obubodwa, ngomzamo wokubamba isisulu esengeziwe. Lapho ukudla kugcwele, izicabucabu kaningi aziluki i-web unomphela, futhi abesifazane basebenzisa iwebhu kuphela ukwenza amakhokho okuzala kabusha.
Iziphambano ezinama-horny zizwela kakhulu ekudlidlizeni, ezizwa ngosizo lwezinwele ezi-filamentary ezisemilenzeni yezitho nasesiswini. Ama-receptors amancane abizwa ngokuthi ama-sensilla akhona kulo lonke i-exoskeleton, ethola noma yikuphi ukuthintwa.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwesicabucabu okuthiwa i-horny.
Iziphambano ezingama-Horny ikakhulukazi ziyizinambuzane. Basebenzisa ubukhulu obuhlukahlukene bezintambo zesicabucabu ukubamba inyamazane emini, ebanjwa ngojekamanzi, imidingi, izimpukane, omiyane. Njengama-arachnids amaningi, lolu hlobo lwesicabucabu lukhiqiza ubuthi ku-prosoma yangaphakathi ezingxenyeni ezikhethekile ezivuleka zibe yi-chelicerae ngamadayiphu amancane.
I-chelicera ngayinye inamazinyo amane amazinyo.
Ngokushesha nje lapho inyamazane iwela enetheni futhi ibambeke kuwebhu, izicabucabu ziyashesha ziyibambe, zifake ubuthi nge-chelicera, bese ziyifaka kuwebhu bese ziyiyisa endaweni ecashile enetheni. Ama-enzyme wokugaya ancibilikisa izitho zangaphakathi zesisulu esimweni soketshezi. Izicabucabu zimunca okuqukethwe ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ikhava ethandekayo yesilwane, zishiya imfucuza encane kakhulu ngemuva kokudla. Impango enkulu ivezwa kuma-enzyme isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke igcinwa isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuthi isetshenziswe.
Indima ye-ecosystem yesicabucabu okuthiwa i-horny spider.
Izicabucabu ze-Horny ziyizilwane ezidla ezinye, ngakho-ke zibhubhisa izinambuzane eziyingozi hhayi kuphela ehlathini, kodwa nasezindaweni zokuhlala kwabantu.
Izinyoni eziningi zondla ngalezi zicabu, ikakhulukazi uma zibonwa ngesikhathi sasemini.
Izinambuzane ezinkulu ezinjengeminyovu emnyama namhlophe neminyovu yobumba ikhubaza izicabucabu ezindala ngokubeka amaqanda emizimbeni yazo. Izibungu ezibonakala zondla ezinqamulezweni ezinama-horny, kanti izibungu ze-sexpunctata zindiza zikhubazeke emaqandeni emifece.
Yize izicabucabu ezinama-horny ziyizicabucabu ezinobuthi, azinabungozi kubantu. Bangaluma kuphela lapho bezama ukuwacosha, ukuluma kungaphezulu futhi izisulu, njengomthetho, azidingi ukunakekelwa ngudokotela. Yize lokhu kuyiqiniso elifakazelwe, akufanelekile ukuzama isilwane sesicabucabu. Ayikho eminye imiphumela emibi yokuxhumana nalezi zigcawu.
Isimo sokongiwa kwesiphambano esine-horny.
Isicabucabu esinezimpondo sisatshalaliswa kulo lonke uhla futhi njengamanje asinaso isimo esikhethekile sokuvikelwa.
