Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar, ubuye abe ufudu waseMadagascar onyawo oluvikelekile (i-Erymnochelys madagascariensis) ungowe-oda lofudu, isigaba sezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ingesinye sezilwane ezindala kunazo zonke ezihuquzelayo ezavela eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-250 edlule. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar lungenye yezimfudu ezingavamile emhlabeni.
Izimpawu zangaphandle zofudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu lwaseMadagascar lunogobolondo oluqinile onsundu onsundu oluyisimo sedome ephansi, evikela izingxenye ezithambile zomzimba. Inhloko inkulu kakhulu, inombala onsundu ngezinhlangothi eziphuzi. Ubukhulu bofudu bungaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-50. Inesici esithokozisayo: ikhanda elisentanyeni alibuyiswanga ngokuphelele futhi lihamba libheke eceleni ngaphakathi kwe-carapace, hhayi eliqondile nelibuyela emuva, njengezinye izinhlobo zofudu. Ezimfudu ezindala, i-keel engabonakali kakhulu ihamba ngegobolondo.
Azikho izihibe eceleni konqenqema. I-Plastron ipendwe ngemibala ekhanyayo. Izitho zinamandla, iminwe ifakwe uzipho oluqinile, futhi ithuthukise ulwelwesi lokubhukuda. Intamo ende, iphakamisa ikhanda layo phezulu futhi ivumela ufudu ukuthi luphefumule ngaphezu kobuso bamanzi ngaphandle kokubeka umzimba wonke ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye. Izimfudu ezincane zinephethini enhle yomugqa omncane omnyama egobolondweni, kepha iphethini iyaphela ngokukhula.
Ukusatshalaliswa kofudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu lwaseMadagascar luvame kakhulu esiqhingini saseMadagascar. Isukela emifuleni yasentabeni yasentshonalanga yeMadagascar: kusuka eMangoky eningizimu kuya esifundeni saseSambirano enyakatho. Lolu hlobo lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo lukhuphuka ezindaweni eziphakeme kuze kufike kumamitha angama-500 ngaphezu kolwandle.
Izindawo zokuhlala zofudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu lwaseMadagascar luthanda amaxhaphozi avulekile ahlala njalo futhi lutholakala osebeni lwemifula, amachibi namachibi ageleza kancane. Kwesinye isikhathi uzifudumeza ematsheni, eziqhingini ezizungezwe ngamanzi neziqu zezihlahla. Njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezimfudu, inamathela ekusondeleni kwamanzi futhi kuyaqabukela ingena ezifundeni ezimaphakathi. Kukhethwe emhlabeni nge-oviposition kuphela.
Ukudla okunomsoco kofudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar ngokuyinhloko luyisilwane esihuquzelayo esidla imifino. Idla izithelo, izimbali kanye namaqabunga ezitshalo elenga phezu kwamanzi. Ngesinye isikhathi, idla ama-vertebrate amancane (ama-molluscs) nezilwane ezifile. Izimfudu ezisencane zidla ama-invertebrate asemanzini.
Ukukhiqizwa kofudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Izimfudu ezinamakhanda amakhulu aseMadagascar zizala phakathi kukaSepthemba noJanuwari (izinyanga ezithandwa kakhulu ngu-Okthoba-Disemba). Abesifazane banomjikelezo weminyaka emibili we-ovarian. Zingenza amaqubu amabili kuya kwamathathu, ngalinye linamaqanda ayi-13 (6 kuye ku-29) ngesikhathi sonyaka wokuzala. Amaqanda ayindilinga, ahlangane kancane, ambozwe ngegobolondo lesikhumba.
Abesifazane bayakwazi ukuzala lapho bekhula befika ku-25-30 cm. Isilinganiso sabantu abesilisa nabesilisa abesilisa nabesifazane ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene sisuka ku-1: 2 kuye ku-1.7: 1.
Iminyaka yokuthomba kanye nesikhathi sokuphila emvelweni akwaziwa, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zisinda ekuthunjweni iminyaka engama-25.
Inani lofudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Izimfudu ezinamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar zisatshalaliswa endaweni engaphezulu kwamakhilomitha-skwele angama-20 000, kepha indawo yokusabalalisa ingaphansi kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-500. Ngokusho kolwazi olutholakalayo, cishe izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingaba ngu-10 000 zihlala, ezakha ama-20 subopoplication. Izimfudu ezinamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar bezilokhu zehla kakhulu ngamanani alinganiselwa kuma-80% kule minyaka engama-75 edlule (izizukulwane ezintathu) kanti ukwehla kulindeleke ukuthi kuqhubeke ngesilinganiso esifanayo esikhathini esizayo. Lolu hlobo lusengozini ngokuya ngemibandela eyamukelwe.
Okusho umuntu.
Izimfudu ezinamakhanda amakhulu aseMadagascar zibanjwa kalula kumanetha, izicupho zezinhlanzi nezingwegwe, futhi zibanjwa njengezinhlanzi ezingadluli ngokudoba okuvamile. Inyama namaqanda kusetshenziswa njengokudla eMadagascar. Izimfudu ezinamakhanda amakhulu aseMadagascar ziyabanjwa futhi zishushumbiswe zisuka esiqhingini ziyothengiswa ezimakethe zase-Asia, lapho kade zisetshenziselwa ukuzilungiselela njengemithi yemithi yesintu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni waseMadagascar ukhipha inani elincane lonyaka lokuthumela ngaphandle kwezilwane ukuthengisa izilwane eziningana phesheya. Inani elincane labantu abavela emaqoqweni azimele lithengiswa ngokuhweba komhlaba, ngaphezu kwezimfudu zasendle ezibanjwe eMadagascar.
Izinsongo kufudu olukhulu olunamakhanda aseMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu lwaseMadagascar lubhekene nezinsongo ezinombolweni zalo ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komhlaba wezitshalo zokulima.
Ukugawula amahlathi kwezolimo nokukhiqizwa kwezingodo kubulala imvelo yaseMadagascar ehlanzekile futhi kubangele ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi okunzima.
Ukuthungwa okulandelayo kwemifula namachibi kunomthelela omubi, kuguquka ngaphezu kokuqashelwa kwendawo yofudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar.
Indawo ehlukaniswe kakhulu idala izinkinga ezithile ekukhiqizeni izirhubuluzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi okunisela amasimu elayisi kuguqula umbuso wamanzi wamachibi nemifula yoMfula iMadagascar, ukwakhiwa kwamadamu, amachibi, amadamu kuholela ekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu.
Iningi labantu lingaphandle kwezindawo ezivikelekile, kepha ngisho nalabo abahlala ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezivikelwe bangaphansi kwengcindezi ye-anthropogenic.
Izindlela zokonga ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar.
Imisebenzi ebalulekile yokongiwa kofudu olunamakhanda amakhulu aseMadagascar ifaka phakathi: ukuqapha, imikhankaso yezemfundo yabadobi, amaphrojekthi okuzalanisa abathunjiwe, nokusungulwa kwezindawo ezengeziwe ezivikelwe.
Isimo sokongiwa kofudu olunamakhanda amakhulu aseMadagascar.
Ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu lwaseMadagascar luvikelwe yi-Annex II ye-Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES, 1978), evimbela ukuthengiswa kwalolu hlobo kwamanye amazwe.
Lezi zinhlobo futhi zivikelwe ngokuphelele yimithetho yaseMadagascar.
Iningi labantu lisatshalaliswa ngaphandle kwezindawo ezivikelekile. Abantu abancane abancane bahlala ngaphakathi ezindaweni zemvelo ezivikelwe ngokukhethekile.
NgoMeyi 2003, iTortoise Foundation yashicilela uhlu lokuqala lwezimfudu ezisengozini ezingama-25, ezazihlanganisa ufudu lwaseMadagascar loggerhead. Le nhlangano inohlelo lweminyaka emihlanu lokusebenza lomhlaba wonke olubandakanya ukufuywa kokuthwalwa nokubuyiswa kwezinhlobo, ukuvimbela ukuhweba, nokusungula izikhungo zokutakula, amaphrojekthi wokongiwa kwendawo nezinhlelo zokufinyelela kubantu.
IDarrell Wildlife Fund nayo ineqhaza ekuvikeleni ufudu olunamakhanda amakhulu eMadagascar. Kwethenjwa ukuthi lezi zenzo ezihlangene zizovumela lolu hlobo ukuba luphile endaweni yalo yemvelo.
