I-beaver isilwane esingajwayelekile. Abanye abaningi bakha izidleke noma imingxuma, kepha ibeaver yaqhubekela phambili yaba ngunjiniyela. Ngenxa yamakhono wabo wobunjiniyela kanye nokwakheka okukhethekile, lezi zilwane ziyakwazi ukuvimba umfula ngedamu langempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idamu le-beaver alihambisani ngempela nosayizi omncane walesi silwane.
I-beaver ingumgawuli wezinkuni owenziwe yimvelo uqobo. Ama-incisors ayo abukhali asebenza njengesaha futhi agcwaliswa ngokuphelele imihlathi eqinile enemisipha enamandla. Lokhu yikho kanye okuvumela ama-beaver ukuthi agawule izihlahla, lapho kuzokwakhiwa khona amadamu nalawo abizwa ngokuthi "amaqhugwane".
Amandla nokusebenza kahle kwe-beaver nakho kufanele kukhulunywe ngokukhethekile: lesi silwane sikwazi ukuhamba izikhathi eziphindwe kalishumi kunesisindo saso ngosuku olulodwa, okulingana cishe no-220-230 kg. Kungakapheli unyaka, i-beaver eyodwa iyakwazi ukuwisa phansi izihlahla ezingaphezu kwamakhulu amabili.
Uma ama-beaver enezihlahla ezanele, anganweba idamu lawo ngamamitha amaningana nsuku zonke.
Umphumela wesenzo esinjalo esivunguvungu ukuthi indawo ezungezile iba nezinguquko ezinkulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-beaver awakhawulwanga kuphela ekubazeni. Babuye benze imisebenzi yangaphansi kwamanzi beqoqa njalo izingcezu zamatshe, amatshe nokumba udaka: ngale ndlela bazama ukwenza idamu lapho idamu le-beaver likhona lijule khona. Ngakho-ke, indawo yokuhlala ama-beavers iba banzi kakhulu.
Yiliphi idamu elikhulu le-beaver?
Ngenxa yokuthi ama-beavers anokuthambekela okuyingqayizivele kokwakha nomsebenzi wabo, kulula ukuqagela ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, abakwazi nje kuphela ukulungisa kabusha isimo sendawo, kodwa futhi nokwakha isakhiwo esikhulu.
Lokhu yikho kanye okwenzekile eBuffalo National Park (Canada). Ama-beaver ahlala lapho aqala ukwakha idamu lasendaweni emuva ngawo-70s we-XX century. Futhi kusukela lapho, akukaze kube nomqondo wokuthi "ukwakhiwa kwabo kwesikhathi eside" sekuphelile. Ngenxa yalokho, ubukhulu balo bakhula kancane, kwathi lapho idamu le-beaver ligcina ukulinganiswa, ubude balo baba ngamamitha ayi-850. Lokhu kucishe kube ngosayizi wezinkundla zebhola likanobhutshuzwayo eziyisishiyagalombili zihlanganisiwe.
Kungabonakala ngisho nasemkhathini, futhi ukuze ukwazi ukulinganisa ubukhulu bayo ngenkathi usemhlabathini, udinga ukusebenzisa usizo lwamadivayisi akhethekile, njenge-helicopter. Ukuze bakwazi ukubona kahle idamu elikhulu le-beaver, abaphathi balesi siqiwu bakha ngisho ne-flyover ekhethekile.
Kusukela lapho, kukholakala ukuthi leli damu yilona elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni, yize kunemibiko ngezikhathi ezithile yezakhiwo ezinkulu ngisho nangaphezu kwekhilomitha ubude.
Ngokuqondene namadamu ejwayelekile e-beaver, ubude bawo busukela eshumini elincane kuya kumamitha ayikhulu amakhulu. Irekhodi langaphambilini lalakhiwe ngama-beavers eMfuleni iJefferson futhi lalifushane ngamamitha ayi-150.
Latholakala nini futhi kanjani idamu elikhulu le-beaver
Lesi sakhiwo esishiwo ngenhla asizange sibhalwe phansi cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane. Kunoma ikuphi, abasebenzi baseBuffalo Park, ngokwazi ukuthi ama-beaver ayakha idamu, babengazi nokuthi lingakanani ubukhulu balo. Futhi iqiniso lokuthi idamu lalakhiwe vele eminyakeni yama-70 labonakala ezithombeni ezithathwe ngaleso sikhathi yisathelayithi.
Kutholwe ngumuntu ongamazi ngokuphelele osebenzisa imephu yeGoogle Earth. Ukutholwa kukodwa bekubuye kube ngengozi, ngoba empeleni umcwaningi wayehlaziya ukuncibilika kwe-permafrost ezindaweni ezisenyakatho neCanada.
Kungabukeka kungajwayelekile kwabanye ukuthi idamu elikhulu kangaka alikaze libonwe isikhathi eside kangaka, kepha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi insimu yeBuffalo Park inkulu kakhulu futhi idlula indawo yaseSwitzerland. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, idamu le-beaver, kanye nabakhi balo, lisendaweni engafinyeleleki kangangoba abantu abaningi abamane baye lapho.
Benzani manje abakhi bedamu elikhulu le-beaver?
Kubonakala sengathi ama-beavers akumise okwesikhashana ukwakhiwa kweziqukathi zawo ezinkulu futhi andisa amanye amadamu amabili, awekho amakhulu kangako. Womabili la madamu atholakala "ezinhlangothini" zento eyinhloko, futhi uma ama-beavers esebenza kuwo ngentshiseko efanayo njengamanje, khona-ke ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa amadamu azohlangana, aphenduke isakhiwo esingaphezu kwekhilomitha ubude.
Kumele kuvunywe ukuthi asikho esinye isilwane esishintsha indawo ezungezile njenge-beaver. Abantu kuphela abakwazi ukufeza imiphumela ebonakalayo kule ndlela. Kungakho abomdabu baseMelika bebehlala bephatha ama-beavers ngenhlonipho ekhethekile futhi ebabiza "ngabantu abancane".
Ingabe amadamu e-beaver ayingozi noma awusizo?
Njengoba kwenzekile, amadamu e-beaver adlala indima ebalulekile hhayi kuphela empilweni yalezi zimpuku, kepha nasezinyonini ezifudukayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ucwaningo lwesayensi lubonisa ukuthi zibaluleke kakhulu ezinyonini ezifudukayo, inani lazo elincike kakhulu emadamini. Ngaphandle kokuthi kuthatha izihlahla eziningi ukwakha amadamu, umthelela womsebenzi we-beaver emvelweni muhle impela.
Izinyoni zasemanzini, imifula kanye nemvelo yemifula iyazuza kakhulu emadamini e-beaver. Ngenxa yamadamu, izindawo ezintsha ezinamadamu ziyavela, lapho kuvela khona izihlahlana ezintsha kancane kancane, okufaka isandla ekukhiqizeni izinyoni.
Kunesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi inani lezinyoni zezingoma ezifudukayo ziya ngokuya zincipha ngenxa yokushoda kwamadamu e-beaver. Kunoma ikuphi, lapho imindeni eminingi yama-beavers yakha izakhiwo zayo endaweni ethile, kulapho kuzohluka kakhulu futhi kube baningi abantu bezinyoni zezingoma kule ndawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo mphumela ubonakale kakhulu ezindaweni ezinesomiso.
Ngokwesayensi, izinhlelo zemifula zisanda kwehliswa kanzima. Imininingwane ngokubaluleka kwamadamu e-beaver ekubuyiseleni kwawo isikisela ukuthi ukuvumela ama-beaver ukuthi aqhubeke nendlela yawo yemvelo yokuphila kuzobuyisa kakhulu imvelo futhi kwandise inani lezinyoni.
Kodwa-ke, abantu basabheka ama-beaver njengezinambuzane, ngoba bagawula izihlahla futhi bavame ukukhukhula izindawo zabahlali bendawo. Futhi uma ekuqaleni izigidi zama-beaver zazihlala ezindaweni eziseNyakatho Melika, ngemuva kokuqalisa kokuzingelwa kwabantu abaningi zacishe zaqothulwa, namadamu e-beaver anyamalala cishe yonke indawo. Ngokusho kwezazi zezilwane nezazi zemvelo, ama-beavers ahlobo lonjiniyela be-ecosystem. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi isomiso esithe xaxa singase size nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu okuqhubekayo, ama-beavers angaba yindlela ebalulekile yokulwa nawo nokwenza umhlaba ube yihlane.
