Ikati laseBurma noma iBurma (ikati lesiNgisi laseBurma, iThai Thong Daeng noma iSuphalak) luhlobo lwamakati anezinwele ezimfishane, ahlukaniswa ngobuhle bawo nobuntu bawo obuthambile. Leli kati akufanele lididaniswe nolunye uhlobo olufanayo, iBurma.
Lezi izinhlobo ezihlukile, yize kufana ngegama futhi ngokwengxenye ngokubukeka.
Umlando wozalo
Lokhu kuzala kwekati, kudabuka eMelika, nasekatsheni elilodwa elibizwa ngeWong Mau (Wong Mau). Ngo-1930, amatilosi athenga iWong Mau eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia futhi ayethula kuDkt.Joseph K. Thompson eSan Francisco. Uchaze kanjena:
Ikati elincane, elinamathambo amancanyana, umzimba ohlangene ukwedlula ikati laseSiamese, umsila omfishane nenhloko eyindilinga enamehlo abanzi. Unombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo namamaki ansundu.
Abanye ochwepheshe babheka uWong Mau njengenguqulo emnyama yekati laseSiamese, kepha uDkt Thompson wayenombono ohlukile.
Usebenze e-US Army njengodokotela, futhi wayethanda i-Asia. Ngibe sengihlangana namakati anezinwele ezimfishane, anombala onsundu onsundu. Lawa makati, abizwa ngokuthi amakati "ethusi", ahlala eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia amakhulu eminyaka.
Ziyachazwa futhi ziboniswe encwadini ethi Poem of Cats, ebhalwe eSiam cishe ngo-1350. UThompson wahlatshwa umxhwele ubuhle bukaWong Mau kangangokuthi akazange anqikaze ukuqala ukufuna abantu abanomqondo ofanayo abangafuna ukuzala la makati futhi bakhe izinga lokuzala.
Wakha uhlelo (noBilly Jerst noVirginia Cobb noClyde Keeler) lokuhlukanisa nokuhlanganisa izakhiwo zohlobo. Ngo-1932 uWong Mau wahlanganiswa noTai Mau, ikati laseSiamese elinombala wephoyinti. Umphumela wawumangalisa, njengoba kwakukhona amazinyane amabala ombala kudoti.
Futhi lokhu bekusho ukuthi uWong Mau uhhafu weSiamese, uhhafu waseBurma, ngoba isakhi sofuzo esibhekene nombala wephuzu sisebenza ngokweqile, futhi kuthatha abazali ababili ukuzibonakalisa.
AmaKittens azalwa nguWong Mau awelelwa omunye nomunye, noma nonina. Ngemuva kwezizukulwane ezimbili, uThompson wakhomba imibala nemibala emithathu eyinhloko: owodwa ofana neWong Mau (ushokoledi onamaphuzu amnyama), owesibili ku-Tai Mau (sable Siamese), nombala onsundu ofanayo. Wanquma ukuthi kwakuwumbala we-sable owawumuhle kakhulu futhi umxhwele, futhi kwakunguye owayedinga ukuthuthukiswa.
Njengoba kunekati elilodwa kuphela lolu hlobo e-USA, ichibi lofuzo lalilincane ngokwedlulele. Amakati amathathu ansundu alethwa ngo-1941, akhulisa ichibi lezakhi zofuzo, kepha noma kunjalo, wonke amakati ayeyinzalo kaWong Mau. Ukukhulisa ichibi lofuzo kanye nenani lamakati, baqhubeka nokuwela neSiamese ngawo-1930-1940.
Lapho lolu hlobo luziswa embukisweni, baba yi-hit. Ngo-1936, iCat Fanciers 'Association (CFA) yabhalisa ngokusemthethweni lolu hlobo. Ngenxa yokuwela njalo nekati lamaSiamese (ukukhulisa inani labantu), izici zohlobo zalahleka futhi inhlangano yahoxisa ukubhaliswa ngo-1947.
Ngemuva kwalokho, amadokodo aseMelika aqala ukusebenza ngokuvuselelwa kohlobo futhi aphumelela impela. Ngakho ngo-1954 ukubhaliswa kwavuselelwa. Ngo-1958, i-United Burmese Cat Fanciers (UBCF) yathuthukisa izinga lokwahlulela elisahlala lingashintshiwe kuze kube namuhla.
Ngo-Mashi 1955, izinyane lekati lokuqala lazalelwa eNgilandi. Ngaphambi kwalokho, amazinyane azalwa ngaphambili, kepha ama-cattery ayefuna ukuthola amakati kuphela ngombala we-sable.
Manje sekukholakala ukuthi uWong Mau ubephethe nezakhi zofuzo eziholele ekuveleni koshokholethi, imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noplatinamu, kwathi obomvu wanezelwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, esevele eseYurophu. I-TICA yabhalisa lolu hlobo ngoJuni 1979.
Eminyakeni edlule, uhlobo luye lwashintsha ngenxa yokukhethwa nokukhethwa. Cishe eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, kwavela izinhlobo ezimbili zamakati: i-European Burmese ne-American.
Kunezindinganiso ezimbili zokuzalela: ezaseYurophu nezaseMelika. I-Burmese yaseBrithani (yakudala), engaziwa yi-American CFA kusukela ngo-1980. I-GCCF yaseBrithani iyenqaba ukubhalisa amakati avela eMelika, ngesizathu sokuthi kuyadingeka ukugcina ubumsulwa bohlobo.
Lokhu kufana nezepolitiki ezinkulu kunesimo sangempela sezindaba, ikakhulukazi njengoba ezinye izinhlangano zingaboni ukwahlukana okunjalo futhi zibhalise amakati kuwo wonke amakati.
Incazelo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, kunamazinga amabili, ahluke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwekhanda nokwakheka komzimba. I-European Burmese, noma yendabuko, ikati elinomusa ngokwengeziwe, elinomzimba omude, ikhanda elimise okwekhanda, izindlebe ezinkulu ezicijile namehlo amise okwe-alimondi. Ama-paw made, anamapayipi amancane, ama-oval. Umsila uthinta ngasekugcineni.
I-American Boer, noma eyesimanje, igcwele ngokwengeziwe, inekhanda elibanzi, amehlo ayindilinga nomlomo omfishane futhi obanzi. Izindlebe zakhe zibanzi ezansi. Ama-paw nomsila alingana nomzimba, ngobude obuphakathi, amaphakethe wepaw ayindilinga.
Kunoma ikuphi, lolu hlobo lwamakati luyizilwane ezincane noma eziphakathi nendawo.
Amakati avuthiwe ngokocansi anesisindo esingu-4-5.5 kg, kanti amakati anesisindo esingu-2.5-3.5 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinzima ukwedlula indlela ezibukeka ngayo, akusizi ngalutho ukuthi zibizwa ngokuthi "izitini ezisongwe ngosilika."
Baphila cishe iminyaka eyi-16-18.
Ijazi elifushane, elicwebezelayo liyisici sohlobo. Iwugqinsi futhi isondele emzimbeni. IBurmese ingaba nemibala ehlukene, kepha sonke isisu sizokhanya kunangemuva, futhi ushintsho phakathi kwemithunzi luzoba bushelelezi.
Abanaso isifihla-buso esibonakalayo njengamakati aseSiamese. Ijazi kufanele futhi lingabi nemivimbo noma amabala, yize izinwele ezimhlophe zamukelekile. Ijazi ngokwalo lilula empandeni, futhi limnyama ekugcineni kwezinwele, elinoshintsho olubushelelezi.
Akunakwenzeka ukwahlulela umbala wekati ngaphambi kokuba ukhule. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umbala ungashintsha futhi ekugcineni uzocaca kuphela ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa.
Umbala uhlukaniswe ngokwezindinganiso:
- Sable (Sable English or brown in England) or brown is the classic, umbala wokuqala wohlobo. Umbala ocebile, ofudumele obamnyama kancane emaphepheni, nasekhaleni elimnyama. Ijazi le-sable likhanya kakhulu, linombala obushelelezi futhi ocebile.
- Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (IsiNgisi esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka) umbala ompunga othambile, osasiliva noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Masivume futhi umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokwehluka kwawo. Amapayipi ama-paw anombala opinki futhi ikhala limnyama mpunga.
- Umbala kashokolethi (ngezigaba zaseYurophu yi-champagne) - umbala woshokoledi wobisi olufudumele, okhanyayo. Ingaba nenani elikhulu lezithunzi nokuhlukahluka, kepha ibilokhu ithola ukuthandwa eminyakeni yamuva. Isifihla-buso ebusweni sincane, futhi kungaba umbala wekhofi onobisi noma mnyama. Kepha, njengoba ibizwa kakhulu ngombala we-chocolate, amaphuzu abukeka ehlaba umxhwele kakhulu.
- Umbala wePlatinamu (I-platinum yesiNgisi, i-liliac yase-European purple) - i-platinum ephaphathekile, enombala obomvana. Ama-pads namakhala anombala ophuzi ngokubomvana.
Ngaphezulu kunemibala yakudala yamakati waseBurma. Futhi manje kuvela: i-fawn, i-caramel, ukhilimu, i-tortoiseshell nabanye. Zonke zithuthuka emazweni ahlukene, kusuka eBrithani kuye eNew Zealand futhi zamukelwa izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene.
Uhlamvu
Ikati elinobungane, lithanda ukuba phakathi kwabantu, lidlale futhi lihlanganyele. Bathanda ukuthintana okusondelene ngokomzimba, ukuze basondele kumnikazi.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi bayamlandela kusuka ekamelweni kuya kwelinye, bathanda ukulala embhedeni ngaphansi kwezembozo, bagonene eduze ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma bedlala, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka umnikazi, ukuthi ngabe ulandela yini ama-antics abo ahlekisayo.
Uthando alusekelwe ekuzinikeleni ungaboni kuphela. Amakati aseBurma ahlakaniphile futhi anomlingiswa oqinile, ngakho-ke angakubonisa. Kwesinye isikhathi isimo siphenduka impi yabalingiswa, phakathi komnikazi nekati. Umtshela izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili ukuthi ashiye umbhede wodwa, kodwa uzozama ngomhla wamashumi amabili nanye.
Bazoziphatha kahle uma beqonda imithetho yokuziphatha. Kuyiqiniso, kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukusho ukuthi ukhulisa bani, ikakhulukazi lapho efuna ukudlala noma ukudla.
Womabili amakati namakati athandana futhi afuyiwe, kepha kunomehluko owodwa othakazelisayo phakathi kwawo. Amakati kaningi awakhethi noma yiliphi ilungu lomndeni elilodwa, kepha amakati, kunalokho, anamathele kumuntu oyedwa kunamanye.
Ikati lizokwenza sengathi bangumngane wakho omkhulu, futhi ikati kungenzeka likwazi ukuzivumelanisa nemizwa yakho. Lokhu kuphawuleka ikakhulukazi uma ugcina kokubili ikati kanye nekati endlini.
Bayathanda ukuba sezandleni zabo. Zingazigcoba ezinyaweni zakho, noma zifuna ukugxumela ezandleni zakho noma ehlombe lakho. Ngakho-ke kungcono ukuxwayisa izivakashi, ngoba angazigxumela kalula ehlombe kusuka phansi.
Iyasebenza futhi iyazijabulisa, ilungele imindeni enezingane noma izinja ezinobungane. Zizwana kahle nezinye izilwane, futhi ngezingane ziyabekezelela futhi zizolile, uma zingazihluphi kakhulu.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Abazithobeki futhi abadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile noma izimo zokunakekelwa. Ukuze unakekele ijazi, udinga uku-ayina bese ulikama ngezikhathi ezithile ngobumnene ukuze ususe izinwele ezifile. Ungayikama kancane kaningi ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo, lapho amakati echithwa.
Iphuzu elibalulekile ekunakekelweni ukondla: udinga okuphakelayo kwe-premium esezingeni eliphakeme. Ukondla ukudla okunjalo kusiza ikati ukuthi ligcine umzimba oqinile, kodwa omncane, futhi ijazi likanokusho, elinokucwebezela okucwebezelayo.
Futhi ukuze ungaguquli ikati libe yimpikiswano (bangakwala okunye ukudla), udinga ukulondla ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, ungakuvumeli ukuthi ujwayele noma yiluphi uhlobo olulodwa.
Uma amazinyane engondliwa inqobo nje uma engadla, kufanele ukuthi amakati amadala angondliwe ngokweqile, ngoba athola isisindo kalula. Khumbula ukuthi leli yikati elisindayo kodwa elihle. Futhi uma uzitika ngezifiso zayo, khona-ke izophenduka ibe ngumgqomo onemilenze emifushane.
Uma ungakaze uligcine ikati laseBurma phambilini, khona-ke kufanele wazi ukuthi bazomelana kuze kube sekugcineni lokho abangafuni ukukwenza noma abangakuthandi. Lezi ngokuvamile yizinto ezingathandeki kubo, njengokugeza noma ukuya kudokotela wezilwane. Uma ebona ukuthi izinto zizoba zimbi, kuzobe kuphela izithende ezicwebezelayo. Ngakho-ke izinto ezifana nokusika uzipho zifundiswa kangcono kakhulu zisencane.
Banamathele nasekhaya nasemindenini yabo, ngakho-ke ukuthuthela ekhaya elisha kuzoba buhlungu futhi kuthathe ukujwayela. Imvamisa kuba amasonto amabili noma amathathu, emva kwalokho iba ngumpetha futhi izizwe ikhululekile impela.
Njengoba sekushiwo, zinhlalo, futhi zinamathiselwe kulowo muntu. Ukunamathisela okunjalo nakho kunenkinga, akubekezeleli isizungu. Uma behlala bodwa, bayacindezeleka futhi bangaze baxoxe.
Ngakho-ke kuleyo mindeni lapho kungekho muntu ekhaya isikhathi eside, kungcono ukuba namakati ambalwa. Akukona nje kuphela lokhu okuthokozisayo kukodwa, kepha ngeke kuvumele omunye nomunye ukuba abe nesithukuthezi.
Ukukhetha izinyane lekati
Lapho uzikhethela izinyane lekati, khumbula ukuthi iBurma ikhula kancane futhi amazinyane azobukeka emancane kunamazinyane ezinye izinhlobo zobudala obufanayo. Bathathwa ngezinyanga eziyi-3-4, ngoba uma bengaphansi kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala, ngakho-ke abakakulungeli ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo ukuhlukana nonina.
Ungethuki uma ubona ukuphuma emehlweni abo. Njengoba abaseBurma benamehlo amakhulu futhi aqhakazile, lapho becwayiza bakhipha uketshezi olusebenza ukuwahlanza. Ukukhishwa okusobala nokungagcwele kuphakathi kobubanzi obujwayelekile.
Kwesinye isikhathi ziba lukhuni ekhoneni leso futhi ngokwazo akuyona ingozi, kepha kungcono ukuzisusa ngokucophelela.
Ukugqama okuncane, okusobala kuyamukeleka, kepha okumhlophe noma okuphuzi sekuvele kube yinkinga okufanele uyibheke.
Uma zinganciphi, kungcono ukukhombisa isilwane kudokotela wezilwane.
Enye imininingwane lapho kukhethwa izinyane lekati ukuthi zinemibala ngokuphelele lapho sezikhulile, cishe unyaka.
Isibonelo, i-sable Burmese kuze kube unyaka ingaba yi-beige. Zingaba nsundu ngokukhanyayo noma nsundu ngombala, kepha kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukuvula ngokugcwele. Ngakho-ke uma udinga ikati lesigaba sokubonisa, kungcono ukuthatha isilwane esikhulile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amakhabethe amaningi athengisa amakati awo esigabeni sokubonisa kuphela. Ziyizilwane ezinhle, imvamisa azibizi kakhulu kunamazinyane, kodwa zisenokuphila okude ngaphambi kwazo.
Ziphila isikhathi eside, kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20 futhi ngasikhathi sinye zibukeka zizinhle kunoma yimuphi unyaka. Kwesinye isikhathi akunakwenzeka ukuqagela ukuthi uneminyaka emingaki, emihlanu noma eyishumi nambili, mihle kakhulu.
Imvamisa amakati ahlanzekile aphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18 ngaphandle kwezinkinga, egcina impilo enhle futhi ezinyangeni zamuva nje izinga lokuzivocavoca umzimba liyancipha.
AmaBurma amadala mahle kakhulu, adinga uthando olwandisiwe nokunakekelwa kubaphathi bawo, ababajabule babathanda iminyaka eminingi.
Ezempilo
Ngokusho kocwaningo, ukubukeka kogebhezi kushintshile kukati lesimanje laseBurma, okuholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula namathe. Ama-Hobbyists athi izinhlobo zendabuko nezaseYurophu azijwayelene nalezi zinkinga, ngoba ukwakheka kwekhanda akulona ngokweqile.
Muva nje, i-Feline Genetics Research Laboratory e-UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine ithole ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okweqile okudala ushintsho emathanjeni ogebhezi emakati e-American Burmese.
Lokhu kuguquka kuthinta isakhi sofuzo esibhekele ukuthuthukiswa kwamathambo ogebhezi. Ukuthola ifa lekhophi elilodwa lesakhi sofuzo akuholeli kuzinguquko, futhi ufuzo ludluliselwa enzalweni. Kepha uma kwenzeka kubo bobabili abazali, iba nomphumela ongalungiseki.
Amakati azalwe kulo doti athintekile angama-25%, kanti ama-50% awo angabathwali bozalo. Manje e-UC Davis Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, ukuhlolwa kwe-DNA sekwenziwe ukukhomba abathwali bohlobo lwangaphakathi phakathi kwamakati bese bewasusa kancane kancane phakathi kohlobo lwaseMelika.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlobo zihlushwa esinye isifo sofuzo esibizwa nge-gm2 gangliosidosis. Kuyisifo esibi kakhulu esivela efeni esidala ukungajwayelekile kwe-lipid okuholela ekuqhaqhazeleni kwemisipha, ukungalawuleki kwezimoto, ukungahambisani nokufa.
I-GM2 gangliosidosis ibangelwa i-autosomal genes genome, futhi ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo, lesi sakhi kufanele sibe khona kubazali ababili. Lesi sifo aselapheki futhi nakanjani siholela ekufeni kwekati.
