I-Loricaria ingezinye zezinhlanzi ezingaphansi komhlaba ezithandwa kakhulu ekuzilibaziseni nge-aquarium. Kungabonakala sengathi ukubukeka okuhehayo, ukungathobeki, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuphezulu kanye nesimo esinokuthula kufanele kwenze ukuthi i-loricarius ivame kakhulu.
Futhi yize lezi kuyizinhlanzi ezidla ubhedu, hhayi abadla ulwelwe, zinokuthula kangangoba azithinti ngisho nefry yezinhlanzi ezi-viviparous. Futhi yeka ukuthi kujabulisa kanjani ukuwabuka!
Isibonelo, izinhlobo ezincane kakhulu ze-Rineloricaria zihamba zisebenzisa iminwe yazo neziphetho zepectoral njengokusekela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene ze-loricaria! Hhayi ububanzi obuhlukahlukene njengamaphaseji, kepha kusekuningi. Ukuqala kokuncane kakhulu - i-Rineloricaria parva, engadluli u-10 cm ubude, iye ePseudohemiodon laticeps, ekhula ize ifike ku-30 cm.
Ngakho-ke akunandaba ukuthi i-aquarium yakho ivulekile kangakanani. Ungahlala ucosha i-chain catfish ngaphansi kwayo.
Incazelo
Ama-Ichthyologists ahlukanisa i-chain catfish ibe yizinhlobo ezimbili: iLoricariini neHarttiini. Ngendlela, ukuhlukaniswa kusobala futhi kunolwazi, futhi kuzokusiza uqonde ngokushesha umehluko phakathi kwezinhlanzi.
Isibonelo, iHarttiini ihlala kuma-substrates aqinile njengamatshe kanye neziqubu futhi ivame ukutholakala emifuleni nasemifuleni enemisinga esheshayo neqinile.
ILoricariini ihlala emifuleni, lapho ithanda khona izihlabathi ezinesihlabathi namaqabunga ezihlahla awile.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo usendleleni ezondliwa ngayo. Ngakho-ke, amaLoricariini angama-omnivores futhi ikakhulukazi adla izibungu nezibungu zezinambuzane, kanti iHarttiini idla ulwelwe nama-benthos.
Ngokuvamile, iHarttiini ihlekisa ngokwengeziwe kokuqukethwe kwayo futhi idinga izimo ezikhethekile.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwe-30 ezahlukahlukene ze-loricaria, iningi lazo elingakaze lithengiswe. Phakathi kweLoricariini, i-rhineloricaria Rineloricaria (noma i-Hemiloricaria, ngokusho kweminye imithombo) imelwe kakhulu e-aquaria.
Isibonelo, i-Rineloricaria parva ne-Rineloricaria sp. I-L010A. Kuyivelakancane kakhulu, kepha futhi nePlaniloricaria nePseudohemiodon.
Futhi iHarttiini imelwe ikakhulukazi yizinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamafosholo angavamile (Farlowella) ne-sturis (Sturisoma). Ezinye izinhlobo, iLamontichthys neSturisomatichthys, zivame kakhulu ukudayiswa.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Ukugcina i-loricarius ne-sturis empeleni akunzima. Bakhetha amanzi athambile, ane-asidi encane, yize bebekezelela amanzi obulukhuni obuphakathi, eduze kwamanzi angathathi hlangothi.
Amapharamitha wamanzi anconyiwe wokuqukethwe: ubunzima kusuka ku-3 ° kuye ku-15 °, ne-pH kusuka ku-6.0 kuye ku-7.5. Ngokuqondene nokushisa kwamanzi, kuvamile ngezinhlanzi ezihlala eNingizimu Melika, kungakapheli u-22-25 C.
Ngamanye amagama, bahlala ezimeni ezifanayo nezimila, ameva, amaphaseji. Kepha ngezimpi, ama-cichlids amancane, i-discus, udinga amanzi amancane afudumele, futhi akubona omakhelwane abahamba phambili be-loricaria ne-sturis.
Kungcono ukusebenzisa isihlabathi esihle njenge-substrate, lapho kubekwa khona ungqimba lwamaqabunga omile, njenge-oki. Indawo enjalo izohambisana ngangokunokwenzeka nalokho okusendaweni ye-loricaria.
Ukondla kulula. Badla ama-pellets, ama-flakes acwilayo, amaqhwa nokudla okuphilayo, kufaka phakathi imisundu yegazi nokusika imisundu.
Kodwa-ke, azisebenzi kakhulu ekulweleni ukudla, futhi zingahlushwa ezinye izinhlanzi ezinkulu ezifana ne-plecostomus ne-pterygoplichta.
IFarlowella spp namanye amaHarttiini afunwa kakhulu. Abanye babo bahlala emanzini angenamanzi anamanzi amile noma ahamba kancane, kanti abanye bahlala emifudlaneni enamandla yamanzi.
Kunoma ikuphi, zonke zizwela kakhulu emanzini ampofu-mpilo namanzi angcolile atholakala emanzini agcwele ngokweqile noma anganakiwe.
Enye inkinga wukudla. Lezi zinhlanzi ze-loricaria zidla ulwelwe oluhlaza, okusho ukuthi zigcinwa kahle kwi-aquarium enesilinganiso, esekhulile enokukhanya okukhanyayo. Kufanele futhi unikeze okusanhlamvu nge-fiber, i-spirulina, ukhukhamba, i-zucchini, i-nettle kanye namaqabunga edandelion.
Ukuhambisana
Abesilisa abavuthiwe ngokobulili be-chain mail catfish bangavikela indawo yabo, kepha ubudlwangudlwangu abudluli ngale kwendawo evikelekile.
Ukuhlaselwa okuncane okunjalo kunezela nje ebuhleni babo.
Uma uthatha omakhelwane, into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-loricaria nama-sturisomes adla kancane futhi angaba isisulu sezinhlanzi eziqhekeza amaphiko. Omakhelwane abangcono babo ama-tetra, i-rasbora, i-zebrafish nezinye izinhlanzi ezincane ezihlala ezingxenyeni eziphakathi kwamanzi.
Ezingqimbeni ezingezansi, imihubhe eyahlukahlukene noma ama-coolant e-acanthophthalmus afaneleka kahle. Ama-gourami nama-cichlids amancane asebenza kahle.
Kepha labo abathanda ukuthatha amaphiko, njenge-Sumatran barbus, isikela, ama-tetradon amancane, baphikiswa njengomakhelwane.
Ukuphendula kwabo okungokwemvelo kungukuqandisa nokuhlala ngaphandle kwengozi, ukudlala ihlaya elibi ne-loricaria catfish.
Ukuzala
Zonke izinhlanzi ze-Rineloricaria zivame ukufuywa ezindaweni zasemanzini. Njenge-ancistrus, lezi zinhlanzi ezincane zingazala ngaphandle kokungenelela kwakho. Ngokwemvelo, udinga ibhangqa, owesilisa angahlukaniswa ngenani elikhulu lezinsipho kumlomo.
Uma ugcina umhlambi, kusuka kubantu abayisithupha, khona-ke abesilisa bayohlukanisa insimu bese kuthi abesifazane bazale njalo, bashintshe abalingani.
Ukusabalalisa i-loricaria kwenzeka ngendlela efanayo naku-ancistrus, futhi uma uke wakhulisa lokhu kokugcina, lapho-ke ngeke uhlangabezane nobunzima.
Abesifazane babeka amaqanda ezindaweni zokukhosela: amapayipi, amabhodwe, amantongomane, bese kuthi owesilisa amvikele. Kukhona amafry ambalwa, imvamisa angaphansi kuka-100. Ukuchanyuselwa okuvela emaqandeni ngesonto, kepha ngolunye usuku noma ezimbili badla okuqukethwe yizikhwama zabo zama-yolk.
Ngemuva kwalokho bangaphakelwa ukondla okokuthengisa okokuhweba, okusanhlamvu okuchoboziwe, kanye nemifino ehlukahlukene.
Ama-Farlovells nama-sturisomes ajwayelekile kakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina amanzi zasekhaya, mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuthi izimo ezingcono ziyadingeka ekugcinweni kwazo.
Babeka amaqanda ku-substrate eqinile, imvamisa ezindongeni ze-aquarium.
Futhi lapha inani lamafry lincane, futhi owesilisa uyawavikela kuze kube yilapho gazinga liqala ukuzibhukuda lodwa. Ngemuva kokuthi isikhwama se-yolk sichithakele, ama-gazinga aqala ukuthatha i-algae, ama-ciliates nama-flakes aphansi kahle.
Obunye bobunzima ekutholeni ama-sturis okuzala ukuthi badinga umsinga oqinile wabo. Futhi hhayi kuphela ukuthi amaqanda athole umoya-mpilo omningi, kepha okwamanje kusebenza njengesikhuthazi sokuzala.
Izinhlobo zeLoricaria
Okutholakala kakhulu ku-loricaria catfish, i-Rineloricaria igcinwa ezindaweni zasemanzini. Izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu yi-Rineloricaria parva, yize kungelula kangako ukuhlukanisa kuzo, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zivame ukuthengiswa: R. fallax, R. lanceolata, R. lima.
Ngenhlanhla, yonke i-loricaria catfish iyafana kokuqukethwe, noma ngabe yehlukile ngosayizi. Umuntu oyedwa udinga kusuka kumalitha wevolumu engama-30 kuye kwayi-100, futhi yize behlala bodwa, iLoricaria ibukeka ithakazelisa kakhulu emhlambini.
Manje okuthandwa kakhulu ngama-morphs abomvu: i-red loricaria R. lanceolata "obomvu" nodrako obomvu Rineloricaria sp. I-L010A.
Eqinisweni, akuqinisekile ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ngabe leli yifomu lemvelo, elenzelwe amapulazi, noma inhlanganisela yezinhlobo eziningana. Kunoma ikuphi, abesifazane babomvu kakhulu ngombala, kanti abesilisa banokugqwala kakhulu.
Izinhlobo zeSturisom
Njengoba sekushiwo, okuqukethwe okuqinile kuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Uhlobo lwe-Farlowella lunezinhlobo ezingama-30, kanti okungenani ezintathu zazo zitholakala njalo emakethe. Lawa nguFarovella Actus F. acus, F. gracilis, F. vittata.
Ukwahlukanisa komunye nomunye kunzima, ngakho-ke kuvame ukuthengiswa ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukile. Ubulukhuni bamanzi kusuka ku-3 ° kuye ku-10 °, ne-pH kusuka ku-6.0 kuye ku-7.5, izinga lokushisa kusuka ku-22 kuye ku-26C. Ukugeleza okunamandla nokuqukethwe okuphezulu komoya-mpilo emanzini kubalulekile, njengoba iFarlowella izwela kakhulu kubo.
Ngenhlanhla ye-aquarist, izisekelo ziyafana. Amanzi obulukhuni obumaphakathi noma obuthambile, obune-asidi, obunamazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo.
AmaSturisomas nawo afunwa kakhulu kunamanye ama-loricaria catfish. Badinga i-aquarium evulekile, amanzi ahlanzekile, ukugeleza, nomoya-mpilo omningi oncibilikisiwe. Zondla kakhulu ngokudla kwezitshalo.
Okuvame kakhulu yizinhlobo ezimbili ze-sturis: i-golden Sturisoma aureum ne-S. barbatum noma i-long-nose. Zombili zifinyelela kubude obungu-30 cm.
IPanamanian sturisoma Sturisoma panamense nayo iyatholakala uma ithengiswa, kepha incane ngosayizi, ifinyelela kuma-20 cm ubude. Akekho kubo onjengamanzi afudumele, ibanga lokushisa elamukelekayo lisuka ku-22 kuye ku-24C.
Iningi lama-sturis linemisebe ende emaphethelweni we-caudal, kepha yiLamontichthys filamentosus kuphela enama-ray afanayo ku-pectoral naku-dorsal fin.
Le i-catfish enhle kakhulu yamaketanga, efinyelela kubude obungu-15 cm, kepha maye, ayikubekezeleli kahle ukuthunjwa.
Kunganconywa kuphela kubalandeli beqiniso be-chain-mail catfish, ene-aquarium elinganiselayo futhi ekhule kahle ene-algae.
