I-American Pit Bull Terrier iyinja eqinile, enezinwele ezimfushane zenja enokhokho baseMolossian. I-Pit bull terrier (umgodi we-English - umgodi wokulwa) uhunyushwa njenge-terrier yokulwa nenkunzi.
Izifushaniso
- I-American Pit Bull Terrier ayifanele labo abangakwazi ukubanaka kakhulu.
- Kudingeka baqeqeshwe kahle futhi babe nobudlelwano kusukela besebancane ukunqoba ukuthambekela kwabo ekubeni nenkani, okuthi, kuhlanganiswe namandla, kubenze kube nzima ukuphatha.
- Ama-American Pit Bulls kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ahanjwe nge-leash ukuvimbela ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinye izinja. Uma beqala ukulwa, abakwazi ukuyeka futhi bazolwa kuze kube sekugcineni.
- Ukuhlangana nabantu, yize kunganciphisi lokhu kuthambekela, kuzosiza ukubenza baphatheke kalula.
- Emazweni ahlukene, umthetho usebenza ngokuhlukile kulolu hlobo. Cabanga ngalokhu uma uzohamba nale nja.
- Bathanda ukuhlafuna futhi badinga amathoyizi amaningi aqinile.
- Zifanele kakhulu abanikazi abanomlingiswa oqinile, kepha hhayi onzima, okwazi ukuqeqesha nokugcina isiyalo.
Umlando wozalo
Ama-Pit Bull Terriers adalwe ngokuwela i-Old English Bulldog ne-Old English Terrier ukudala inja ehlanganisa ukuthokozisa, ijubane lama-terriers namandla, ezemidlalo zeBulldogs.
Lezi zinkunzi zokuqala zomgodi zafika eMelika zivela eNgilandi, futhi zaba okhokho be-American Pit Bull Terrier yesimanje. ENgilandi zazisetshenziswa ezimpini, ziqhudelana nezinkunzi namabhere.
Lezi zimpi zavalwa ngo-1835 ngokwethulwa kwemithetho yenhlalakahle yezilwane. Kepha, njengoba ukulwa kwezinja kwakushibhile, futhi kungakhonjisiwe emthethweni, ama-pit bull aqala ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo.
Ukulwa kwezinja akulethi imali engenayo kuphela, kepha futhi kuvunyelwe ukukhomba abamele abahamba phambili bezinhlobo. Namuhla zisetshenziselwa ukubumba kanye nokugcina imfuyo yasendle, izingulube zasendle, ukuzingela njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Benza umsebenzi oncomekayo wokuba ngabangane, amaphoyisa, ngisho ne-canistherapy. Kodwa eMelika naseRussia, inani elikhulu lezinja lisabamba iqhaza ekulweni okungekho emthethweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlangano ezilwela amalungelo abantu zibika ukuthi lezi zinja zisetshenziselwa ukushushumbisa izidakamizwa, zisetshenziswa emaphoyiseni futhi njengezinja ezilwayo.
Emzameni wokuqeda igama elalaziwa ngalo, ngo-1996 iSociety for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals yaqamba lolu hlobo “iSt. Francis Terriers ”ukuze basabalalise imindeni. Kungenzeka ukusabalalisa izinja ezingama-60, bese uhlelo luvalwa, njengoba eziningana zalezi zilwane ezifuywayo zabulala amakati.
Uhlelo olufanayo luzamile ukwenza kabusha iSikhungo Sokunakekelwa Kwezilwane Nokulawulwa eNew York, lubiza lolu hlobo ngokuthi "iNew Yorkies", kepha lwawuphonsa lowo mbono ngemuva kwesiphepho semibiko engemihle.
Emazweni amaningi, ukuzala akuvunyelwe, kanti kwamanye amandla okuba nezinkunzi ezingama-pit bull anqunyelwe ngokomthetho. I-Australia, i-Ecuador, iMalaysia, iNew Zealand, insimu yePuerto Rico, iSingapore, iVenezuela, iDenmark, i-Israel, iFrance, iJalimane, iNorway, iPoland, iPortugal, iRomania, iSpain neSwitzerland seyethule imithetho ethile ehlose ukulawula lolu hlobo.
Lokhu kungaba ukuvinjelwa okuphelele noma ukuvinjelwa kokungeniswa ngaphakathi noma ubunikazi obuzimele. I-American Pit Bull Terrier isohlwini lwezinhlobo ezine ezingavunyelwe e-UK. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngisho nakwamanye amazwe ase-US, bavinjelwe.
Incazelo
Cishe akunakwenzeka ukuchaza lezi zinja, ngoba lolu hlobo lungenye yokubukeka okuhlukahluka kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke ezinye. Lokhu kungumphumela wokuhlanganiswa kwezinto ezintathu:
- kunenqwaba yamarejista namakilabhu, amaningi awo anezilinganiso zawo ezizalisayo
- lezi zinja zazalelwa izinhloso ezahlukahlukene, eminyakeni ehlukile, ezazingathinti ingaphandle
- kunezinkulungwane zabalimi abangenalwazi nabangafundile abazalanisa okwabo ngokwemibono yabo ngamazinga
Sizokwakha ezingeni le-United Kennel Club (UKC), elokuqala ukubhalisa uhlobo futhi lihlale likhulu kakhulu kuze kube manje. Izindinganiso zale nhlangano zihlose ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinkunzi ezingama-pit bull futhi zijeziswa kanzima ngokuziphula.
I-American Pit Bull Terrier iyinja enkulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo zeBulldog. I-UKC ibiza isisindo esifanele sabesilisa: kusuka ku-13 kuye ku-27 kg, ukuthola ama-bitches kusuka ku-12 kuye ku-22 kg.
Kepha, ngasikhathi sinye, abazihlawulisi lezo zinja ezinesisindo esidlula lezi zibalo. Abanye abalimi bakhetha izinja ezinkulu (futhi bazala ama-pit bull nezinye izinhlobo) ngenxa yalokho kunabantu abanesisindo esifinyelela ku-55 kg, esingaphezu kwesisindo esijwayelekile.
I-pit bull ekahle yakhiwe kahle kakhulu futhi inemisipha eyedlulele, kepha iyasubatha. Ngokuya ngomsebenzi abazalelwe wona, bangaba mncane noma bathande ithangi. Bonke abamele lolu hlobo bade kakhulu kunokuphakama, lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi emantombazaneni.
Umsila wazo uqonde, kwesinye isikhathi uphakame kancane. Yize umkhuba wokumisa idokodo emsileni ungavamile kakhulu, abanye abanikazi nokho bayasisika sibe yisiphunzi esifushane.
Isici esivelele yinhloko. Kufanele ibe nkulu, kepha ilinganise, ingunxande, ugebhezi luyicaba futhi lubanzi phakathi kwezindlebe. Isifonyo sifushane ngama-50% kunekhanda, sibanzi futhi sijule ngokwanele. Amehlo osayizi ophakathi, noma imuphi umbala ngaphandle kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Izinja ezinamehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zibhekwa njengephutha elikhulu.
Umbala wamakhala ufana nombala wejazi futhi uhluka kakhulu. Iningi labanikazi lishiya izindlebe ezincanyana, eziwumngcingo futhi ezilengayo.
Kunesici esisodwa kuphela esicishe sifane kuzo zonke izinkunzi zaseMelika ezingama-pit bull - uboya. Imfishane, icwebezela, inokhahlo uma uthinta, ngaphandle kwejazi. Kepha ngemibala nangemibala kunokungafani okufanayo. Noma yikuphi (ngaphandle kombala we-merle) kuvunyelwe, kufaka phakathi amabala amhlophe.
Kukhona ulayini obomvu wamakhala, obizwa ngokuthi "umndeni wakudala" i-Old Family Red Nose (OFRN), izinja zalolu hlobo zihlukaniswa ngombala obomvu, ngombala obomvu wethusi wamakhala, ijazi, izindebe, amaphakethe wepaw kanye namehlo ansundu.
Uhlamvu
Izinga le-United Kennel Club (UKC) lichaza umlingiswa we-American Pit Bull Terriers ngale ndlela elandelayo: “Izici eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo ngamandla, ukuzethemba nokulangazelela impilo.
Izinja zilangazelela ukujabulisa futhi zichichima umdlandla. Bangabangani abakhulu bomndeni futhi bayazithanda izingane. Njengoba izinkunzi ezingama-pit bull zinezinga eliphakeme lokuhlasela ezinye izinja, futhi futhi ngenxa yamandla azo amakhulu, kufanele zihlangane kahle futhi zenze izifundo ezijwayelekile zokuqeqesha.
Ukushesha kwemvelo kwezinja kuphezulu futhi kuzenza zikwazi ukugibela, ngakho-ke uthango oluphakeme luyadingeka lapho ugcinwa. Izinkunzi ezingama-pit aziwufanelanga kahle umsebenzi wokugada, ngoba zinobungane obukhulu, ngisho nabantu ezingabazi.
Ukuziphatha okuhlukumezayo kubantu akujwayelekile kubo futhi akufisi neze. Benza kahle kakhulu ekwenzeni ngoba bahlakaniphile futhi banekhono. ”
NgoSepthemba 2000, i-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) yashicilela umbiko ngamacala ezinja ezihlasela abantu (okuholele ekufeni). Inhloso yalolu cwaningo bekungukuthi: "ukuhlonza izinhlobo zezinja eziholele ekufeni ngokuhlaselwa kwabantu esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-20, ukuze kwakhiwe imigomo efanele."
Ucwaningo luhlanganise izehlakalo ezingama-238 ezenzeka phakathi kuka-1979 no-1998. Kukhombisile ukuthi ku-67% wabashonile, amaRottweiler kanye nama-pit bull yibo abenze lokhu.
Nobungane maqondana nomndeni, abangane, ngisho nabantu ongabazi. Ngemizwa eqinile, ingqondo ethuthukile, lezi zinja zilungele imindeni enezingane, njengoba ziyazibekezelela futhi zingazivikela.
Akunasidingo sokubafundisa izisekelo zokuvikela, njengoba beqonda ngokunembile izinga lobungozi. Abakhombisi ubudlwangudlwangu kubantu, banolaka kwezinye izinja, kepha izinga lokuhlukumeza lehlukile kunenja nenja.
Inja eqeqeshwe kahle ngeke isheshe, kodwa nayo ngeke iyigweme inselelo. Banolaka ezilwaneni ezincane: amakati, onogwaja, ama-ferrets, ama-hamsters nabanye.
Ukuhlukumeza izinja nezilwane ezincane akubhekwa njengephutha, kepha ubudlova obungalawuleki abwamukelekile.
Umsebenzi
Lezi zinja zijabula kakhulu uma zikhuthele futhi zinokuhamba okuningi nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Ukuhamba ibanga elide, ukugijima, ukuhamba nabo ngesikhathi sokuhamba ngebhayisikili, imidlalo, konke lokhu kudingekile kakhulu kubo.
Uma i-pit bull ingenawo umsebenzi owanele womzimba, uzokwazi ngakho. Bakhumbula, balangazelela, baqale ukonakalisa imvelo, baququda izinto.
Ukuqeqesha nokufundisa
Udinga ukuqala ukuqeqesha umdlwane ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi wenze ngezwi elizolile nelizethembayo, ngoba bamane bangasabeli ebukhali. Ukuzivocavoca ngokwako kufanele kube kufushane kepha kube namandla, njengoba ama-pit bulls esheshe alahlekelwe yintshisekelo kubo uma ukujima kungadinisi. Udinga nokubekezela njengoba kuyinkqubo ende.
Ngisho nenkunzi ephethwe kahle ingazama ukuphusha imingcele yalokho okuvumelekile, ikakhulukazi lapho isikhulile. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba nokukhombisa ulaka, kwanele ukumbeka endaweni yakhe ngokuthula nangokuzethemba, babukeka njengentsha, futhi bazame imingcele.
Ukuzijabulisa
Imindeni enezingane kufanele ihlanganyele ekuhlalisweni komphakathi kusenesikhathi ukuze imidlwane iqonde ukuthi ezinye izingane ziyizivakashi ezamukelekile. Yize ama-pit bull ezithanda kakhulu izingane, zingawenza amaphutha emidlalweni yazo zibe nobudlova, futhi zididanise ukugijima nomsindo ngengozi.
Lezi zinja zivame ukuba nesithukuthezi nokudangala uma ziyekwe zinganakiwe isikhathi eside. Njengoba sekushiwo, ngezikhathi ezinjalo zingalimaza, nefulethi lakho lingalimala.
Khumbula njalo ngokuhlukunyezwa kwezinye izilwane. Ngisho nezinja ezizolile azisoze zayekela ukulwa, futhi uma ziqala, kufanele zikuqede. Uma ngenkathi uhamba ubona ukuhlukumeza inja yakho, kungcono ukuphuma lapho. Akudingeki ukuthi kushiwo, noma iyiphi i-pit bull idinga ukuhamba nge-leash.
Ukuhlalisana nabantu kufanele kuqale ngokushesha okukhulu, wethule umdlwane kubantu abasha, ezimweni, ezindaweni, ezilwaneni, ngaphandle kwalokho uzosabela ngokuqapha ezenzweni ezingajwayelekile ngokuzayo.
Ngokuvamile, lezi zinhlobo ezinhle, izinja ezinhle, futhi udumo lwazo lwenziwa ngephutha labantu.
Ezempilo
Ama-American Pit Bull Terriers angenye yezinja ezinempilo kakhulu. Bazuze kakhulu echibini labo elikhulu lofuzo, futhi babadala njengenja esebenzayo, eqinile. Vele, abavikelekile ezifweni zofuzo, kepha baphathwa yizo kancane kunezinye izinhlobo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sokuphila se-pit bull terriers yiminyaka eyi-12-16, ende kunaleyo yezinye izinhlobo. Okufanele ukunakwe yindlela abaziphethe ngayo, ngoba banobunzima obukhulu futhi babekezelela izifo eziningi ngaphandle kokubabonisa.
Izifo ezimbili ezijwayele ukuhlaselwa yizinkunzi yi-hip dysplasia ne-demodicosis. I-Dysplasia idala ushintsho emajoyintini adala ukuthi amathambo angaxhumani kahle.
Lokhu kubangela ukungakhululeki, ubuhlungu, ukukhubazeka. Awukho umuthi kadokotela wendawo yonke wokwelashwa kwe-dysplasia, futhi noma kunjalo, udinga ukuya kudokotela wezilwane.
I-Demodectic mange idalwa ukuthuthukiswa kwesibungu se-pathogenic mite - induna, ekhona esikhumbeni sazo zonke izinja. Idluliswa isuka kumama, ngesikhathi sokudla komdlwane, futhi imvamisa ayizibangeli izinkinga. Kepha, kwesinye isikhathi ukusabela komzimba kuyaqala, ukuvuvukala, futhi futhi, udinga ukubonisana nodokotela wezilwane.
Ukunakekela
Okuncane, ngoba ijazi lifushane futhi alidingi ukuhlangana kaningi (kanye ngesonto), nokugeza ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela.
