I-Dogue de Bordeaux noma i-French Mastiff (isipelingi esiphelelwe yisikhathi: i-Bordeaux Mastiff, i-French Mastiff, i-French Dogue de Bordeaux) ingenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zezinja.
Kungokwesigaba seMolossian futhi sinezici ezihlukile: i-brachycephalic snout, umzimba wemisipha namandla. Kuwo wonke umlando wayo, iDogue de Bordeaux kwakuyizinja ezithwala izimpahla nezinja ezijiywayo, ziqapha impahla nemfuyo.
Izifushaniso
- Isipelingi esivame ukusetshenziswa segama lohlobo - iDogue de Bordeaux (enezinhlamvu ezimbili c) siphelelwe yisikhathi.
- Lolu uhlobo lwasendulo oluye lwahlala eFrance amakhulu eminyaka.
- I-Dogue de Bordeaux ingaba nombala owodwa kuphela - obomvu, kodwa i-shades ehlukile.
- Lezi zinja azinconywa ukuthi zigcinwe emindenini enezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka eyisithupha.
- Ngaphandle kwezinkinga zabo zosayizi nokuphefumula, banamandla impela futhi badinga ukusebenza.
- Ukuqeqeshwa kukaDogue de Bordeaux akuyona inqubo elula futhi kungcono ukuphendukela kochwepheshe.
- Isihlava salolu hlobo siyisifo nokuphila isikhathi esifushane.
Umlando wozalo
I-Dogue de Bordeaux yaziwa eFrance kusukela okungenani ngekhulu le-14, ikakhulukazi engxenyeni eseningizimu yesifunda saseBordeaux. Uhlobo lwaziwa ngegama lalo ngenxa yendawo nedolobha lapho lalivame ukutholakala khona. Ngaphandle kokuthandwa kwayo, kwakungekho zinga elilodwa lohlobo kuze kufike u-1920.
AmaFrance azama ukugcina ubungqayizivele nezimpande zohlobo, ngokwesibonelo, isifihla-buso esimnyama ebusweni sasithathwa njengesibonakaliso sama-mastiffs amaNgisi.
Ukunakwa kwanakwa: impumulo ebomvu, umbala wamehlo okhanyayo nomaskhi obomvu. AmaBiffeaux mastiffs ahlukaniswa ngamakhanda awo amakhulu. Ngesinye isikhathi, behlukaniswe kwaba ukwehluka okubili: Izinja nezinja.
Umehluko wawungosayizi, ama-Dogue ayemakhulu kakhulu, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuhluka kwesibili kwanyamalala futhi manje kungatholakala ezincwadini zomlando kuphela.
Imvelaphi yalolu hlobo inempikiswano, kokhokho abababiza ngama-bullmastiffs, bulldogs ngisho nama-mastiffs aseTibetan. Kungenzeka, bona, njengezinye izinja kuleli qembu, bavela ezinjeni ezilwayo zamaRoma asendulo.
Ngesinye isikhathi, amaRoma ahlasela izizwe eziningi ezazihlala endaweni yeFrance yanamuhla, futhi izinja ezinolaka nezinamandla zabasiza kulokhu. Emazweni amaningi, lezi zinja zahlanganiswa nezinhlobo zendawo futhi kwatholakala izinja ezintsha ezigcina imfanelo yokhokho bazo.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, indawo yokuzalanisa yaqala ukuhlonipha ama-mastiffs aseFrance: iParis, Toulouse neBordeaux. Zingahluka kakhulu impela, bekukhona izinja ezinombala ofanayo namabala, ezinesikisi sokuluma kanye ne-undershot, amakhanda amakhulu namancane, osayizi abahlukene.
Ngo-1863, umbukiso wokuqala wezinja wabanjelwa eBotanical Gardens eParis, owaphumelela kwaba ngu-bitch ogama lakhe linguMagenta.
Ngemuva kwalokho, igama elilodwa labelwa lohlobo - uDogue de Bordeaux. Kodwa-ke, inani elikhulu lezinja zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene azikuvumelanga ukubhala indinganiso yokuzalanisa.
Kuze kwaba ngo-1896 lapho uPierre Mengin neqembu labafuyi abashicilela khona iLe Dogue de Bordeaux, indinganiso eyaqoqa zonke izici ezihamba phambili zamaMastiff aseFrance eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-20 yokufunda.
Ngemuva kwempikiswano eningi, kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthi izifihla-buso ezimnyama zazingathandeki, njengoba zikhombisa ukuwela nama-mastiffs amaNgisi, kepha izinja eziningi zazisenazo. Ukunqampuna kwezindlebe okungavunyelwe nayo yonke imibala ngaphandle kokubomvu kwe-monochromatic (fawn).
Izimpi zomhlaba ezimbili zashaya lolu hlobo ngokungathi sína. Lezi zinja zazizinkulu kakhulu ukuthi zingaphakelwa ngesikhathi sempi. Ama-Dogue de Bordeaux amaningi aqiniswa noma abulawa. Ngenhlanhla, i-Aquitaine yadlulwa yizimpi ezinkulu futhi lo mhlobo wakwazi ukusinda. Yize inani labo lehla, ukushaywa akuzange kube nzima njengakwezinye izinhlobo zaseYurophu.
Noma kunjalo, bekukude nokuthandwa futhi neqembu lezimfundamakhwela, eliholwa nguDkt. Raymond Triquet, laqala umsebenzi wokubuyisela lolu hlobo. Ngo-1970, uDkt. Triquet wabhala indinganiso entsha yokuzalanisa ukufanisa izinja zesimanje. Yabuye yanezelwa kamuva (ngo-1995).
Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe kanye namakhulu abanye abalimi, i-Dogue de Bordeaux ayigcinanga nje ngokusinda, kodwa futhi yathandwa kulo lonke elaseYurophu.
Phakathi nekhulu lama-20, uDogo de Bordeaux wasetshenziselwa ukudala, ukuthuthukisa noma ukuzinzisa ezinye izinhlobo. AmaJapan abangenisa kwamanye amazwe kanye nezinye izinhlobo zaseYurophu ukuwela neTosa Inu, ama-Argentina ukudala ikhaya lase-Argentina, kanye nabaseBrithani ukusindisa ama-Mastiffs amaNgisi.
Eminyakeni engama-40 edlule, ama-Mastiffs aseFrance asuke kokungajwayelekile aya kokuthandwa. Ukuthandwa kwaphakanyiswa yifilimu ethi "Turner and Hooch", lapho izindima ezinkulu zadlalwa khona nguTom Hanks nenja egama linguBeasley, uhlobo lweDogue de Bordeaux.
Manje sebebambe iqhaza elikhulu kulo mdlalo, yize kukhona nezinja zokugada.
Incazelo yohlobo
I-Dogue de Bordeaux ifana namanye ama-mastiffs, ikakhulukazi ama-bullmastiff, avame ukudideka nawo. Izindinganiso ziyahlukahluka ezinhlanganweni ezahlukahlukene, kepha ngokwesilinganiso lapho zibuna zifinyelela ku-60-69 cm (abesilisa) no-58-66 cm (abesifazane). Ama-Bitches anesisindo esingaba ngu-45 kg, abesilisa kuze kufike ku-50, kepha angaba ngaphezulu, kwesinye isikhathi abaluleke kakhulu.
Ziyizinja eziqinile, ububanzi besifuba buyingxenye yokuphakama kwabo. Banamathambo nemilenze ejiyile, ubambo olujulile, nentamo enamandla. Zijiyile, azidingi ukuba zikhuluphele, kodwa ezemidlalo nezemisipha. Umsila mude, ujiyile phansi futhi uthinta ekugcineni, uphakanyiswa lapho inja isebenza.
Ikhanda livamile kuwo wonke ama-molossians - amakhulu, ane-muzzle ye-brachycephalic. Ngokuphathelene nomzimba, iDogue de Bordeaux inelinye lamakhanda amakhulu kunazo zonke izinja. Imvamisa umjikelezo wekhanda ulingana nokuphakama kwenja uqobo, yize kuma-bitches kuncane kakhulu.
Iyindilinga kancane futhi ibanzi kakhulu, icishe ibe yindilinga. Isifonyo sisifushane, sivezwa ngaphansi, lapho ama-incisors womhlathi ongezansi eqhubekela phambili ngaphesheya komugqa wamangenhla.
Isifonyo siphela ekhaleni elifana nombala nesifonyo esisesifubeni. Isifonyo sishwabene kakhulu, kepha asihlanekezeli izici zenja noma siyiphazamise.
Amehlo asethwe abanzi, ayisiyingi. Izindlebe zincane, ziyindilinga, zilenga phansi ezihlathini. Umbono wenja ubucayi namandla.
Ijazi le-Dogue de Bordeaux lifushane, liwugqinsi futhi lithambile. Umbala owodwa kuphela we-fawn ovunyelwe (i-monochromatic, ivumela yonke imibala yobomvu kusuka ekukhanyeni kuye ebumnyameni).
Amabala amhlophe esifubeni nasesandleni somunwe ayamukeleka. Kungenzeka kungabi khona imaski ebusweni, kepha uma kukhona okumnyama noma okubomvu kuphela (i-chestnut).
Uhlamvu
I-Dogue de Bordeaux ifana ngesimilo nezinye izinja eziqaphile, kepha ezemidlalo futhi zinamandla kakhulu. Abamele lolu hlobo baziwa ngokuziphatha kwabo okuzinzile nokuzola, kudinga umzamo omkhulu ukubathokozisa. Bathanda abantu futhi bakhe ubuhlobo obuseduze nomnikazi, futhi bayathanda ukukhotha izandla zabo.
Lokhu kuyinkinga kancane, ngoba lapho inja engama-50 kg icabanga ukuthi kufanele ikukhothe, lapho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuthi ishiye yomile. Uhlangothi lwe-flip lwalokhu okunamathiselwe ukuthambekela kokudangala nokudangala uma inja ishiywa yodwa isikhathi eside.
Ukuxhumana nabantu okulungile kuyisibopho ngokuphelele, uma kuhambe kahle, khona-ke iDogue de Bordeaux inesizotha futhi iyabekezelela abantu ongabazi. Ngaphandle kwalo, umuzwa wabo wemvelo wokuzivikela uzobenza babe nolaka futhi basole. Ngisho nalezo zinja eziqeqeshiwe azisondeli kubantu ezingabazi ngokushesha okukhulu.
Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bayakujwayela futhi bakhe abangane. Yizinja ezinhle zokuqapha nezinja ezinhle kakhulu. Ngeke bavumele noma ngubani ukuthi angene endaweni yabo ngaphandle kokucela, futhi uma bedinga ukuvikela eyabo, bazoma kuze kube sekupheleni. Kodwa-ke, azinalo ulaka ikakhulukazi futhi noma yimuphi ummeleli wohlanga uqala ukuzama ukwethusa, bese kuphela lapho esebenzisa amandla.
Yize bengathathwa njengenja yomndeni, bazolile ngezingane ezingaphezu kweminyaka eyisithupha. Akufanele ube mncane, ngoba iDogue de Bordeaux inesifiso esinamandla sokuzingela nokugada, bangathatha ukukhala nokusebenza kwezingane ezincane kube yingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinkulu futhi zingadudula ingane ngokungazi, zidlula nje.
Ngenxa yalezi zizathu, abalimi abaningi abakukhuthazi ukuba nomdlwane weDogue de Bordeaux kuze kube yilapho izingane sezisesikoleni. Futhi njalo ubhekisise ubudlelwano phakathi kwezingane nenja.
Kepha zinolaka kwezinye izilwane. Ikakhulu abesilisa ababusayo, kanye nezindawo. Njengoba sekushiwo, azidabukisi ikakhulukazi, kepha azibuyeli emuva nazo. Ngenkathi zikhula, zibona ngokuthula ezinye izinja, kepha njengoba zikhula, nolaka luyanda.
Abanikazi kudingeka ukuthi bahlale beqaphe inja, hhayi ukuyidedela, ngoba bayakwazi ukulimaza kakhulu abaphikisana nabo.
Ezinye izilwane, kubandakanya amakati, nazo zibe nebhadi. IDogo de Bordeaux isetshenziswe amakhulu eminyaka ukuzingela nokulwa emigodini yokulwa. Uma bengasazi lesi silwane, basihlasela, noma ngabe kuyigundane noma indololwane.
Vumela i-leash bese uthola ikati lomakhelwane njengesipho, esimweni esihlukaniswe kancane. Khumbula, bahlala ngokuthula endlini eyodwa namakati abawajwayele futhi badabula abantu abangabazi.
Banobunzima futhi nasekuqeqesheni, banenkani futhi ngamabomu. Ukukhulisa iDogue de Bordeaux kungcono ukubhenela ezinsizakalweni zabachwepheshe, ngoba lokhu kudinga ulwazi nekhono.
Bazenzela bodwa futhi benza lokho abakubona kufanelekile, ngaphezu kwalokho, bahlala behlola igunya lomuntu lowo. UDogue de Bordeaux ngeke alalele lowo ambheka njengesiqu esingezansi kwakhe futhi umnikazi udinga ukuhlala ephethe iphakethe nabaphathi.
Kulabo abajwayele amanye ama-mastiffs, amandla nomsebenzi wamaFrance kuzomangaza. Yize bezolile, kwesinye isikhathi bayakwazi ukushesha nokujaha. Abavilaphi, badinga okungenani ihora lomsebenzi nsuku zonke, ukuhamba okude nokunamandla kungcono. Kepha, bayaminza ngokushesha futhi abakulungele ukugijima.
Lezi zinja zidinga igceke lazo, azikulungele kahle ukugcinwa efulethini. Uma kungekho mandla okukhipha amandla, izinja ziba yingozi, zikhonkothe, zifune ifenisha.
Ngokuya ngosayizi namandla abo, imiphumela yokubhujiswa ingabiza umnikazi. Uma beqala ukugedla kusofa, khona-ke lolu daba ngeke lilinganiselwe emlenzeni owodwa. Zilungiselele ukuthi awunasofa, futhi awunamnyango.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma inja ithole indawo yamandla, izolile futhi ikhululekile. Bangaba nentshisekelo kuleyo mindeni engadingi nje kuphela unogada, kepha futhi nomngane wokuhamba ngezinyawo.
Abanikazi abangaba khona badinga ukwazi ukuthi le nja akuyona eyabantu abacindezelayo nabahlanzekile. Bathanda ukugijima nokugingqika odakeni, bese bekuletha ekhaya ngezidladla zabo ezinkulu. Afafaza ngenkathi edla futhi ephuza. Amathe amathe kakhulu, atholakala kuyo yonke indlu.
Futhi isifonyo sabo esifushane siyakwazi ukwenza imisindo engajwayelekile. Kepha, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ukuqumba phansi kuyacasula. Futhi uma unikezwe usayizi wenja, ama-volleys anamandla amakhulu kangangokuba ngemuva kwawo udinga ukufaka umoya egumbini.
Ukunakekela
Izinwele ezimfushane zidinga ubuncane bokuzilungisa, akukho ukuzilungisa kobuchwepheshe, ukuxubha nje. Yize becubungula ngokulingene, ubukhulu obukhulu benja benza ukuthi i-molt ibonakale.
Ukunakekelwa kwezinwele uqobo kukancane, kepha kubaluleke kakhulu esikhunjeni nemibimbi. Abanikazi kudingeka bahlanze njalo imibimbi yokungcola okuqoqiwe, amanzi nodoti, hlola ukuhlanzeka kwezindlebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngosuku, futhi mhlawumbe njalo emva kokudla ngakunye.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukutheleleka kanye nokuncipha kungakhula. Yebo, udinga ukujwayeza inja kuzo zonke izinqubo ngenkathi isewumdlwane, hhayi lapho phambi kwakho kukhona inja engama-50 kilogram engathandi ukugeza.
Ezempilo
Ngeshwa, uDogue de Bordeaux abadumile ngempilo yabo enhle. Isikhathi sokuphila semihlobo emikhulu sesivele sifushane, futhi kubona, sifushane ngokudabukisayo.
Ngokusho kwekilabhu laseMelika "iDogue De Bordeaux Society of America", isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabo yiminyaka emi-5-6. Imininingwane evela kudokotela bezilwane base-UK ibiza izinombolo ezifanayo, isibindi eside esibhalisiwe siphila iminyaka eyi-12, futhi izinja eziphila ngaphezu kweminyaka engu-7 azivamile.
Ngokwezibalo, imbangela yokufa kwamacala angama-30% umdlavuza, ku-20% wezifo zenhliziyo naku-15% we-volvulus. Ngaphezu kokuthi baphila okuncane, nabo bayahlupheka ekugcineni kwempilo yabo ngezinkinga zesistimu yemisipha kanye nezifo zokuphefumula.
Izicubu zomdlavuza ziyahlukahluka, kepha i-lymphoma ivame kakhulu, ethinta amasosha omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, eDogue de Bordeaux, umdlavuza uvele usuneminyaka engu-5. Ukwelashwa namathuba okusinda kuncike kakhulu ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, kodwa noma iyiphi indlela iyabiza futhi inzima.
Isakhiwo se-brachycephalic sekhanda siholela ezinkingeni zokuphefumula, kunzima kubo ukuthola amaphaphu agcwele e-oxygen. Ngenxa yalokho, ziyahewuza, zihoxe, zigulise futhi zihlushwa izifo zokuphefumula.
Ngesikhathi sokugijima, bashesha ukuminyanisa futhi abakwazi ukuletha isivinini esiphezulu isikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngosizo lokuphefumula, umzimba wenja upholile futhi lapho kushisa bangafa ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile.
Futhi izinwele ezimfushane azibavikeli eqhweni, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuzigcina zisendlini, hhayi edokodweni noma ezindizeni.
