Inja yase-Iceland noma i-Icelandic Spitz (i-English Icelandic Sheepdog; i-Icelandic Íslenskur fjárhundur) ayigcini nje kuphela ngolunye lwezinhlobo zasendulo - iSpitz, kodwa futhi isendulo ngokwayo. Kukholakala ukuthi okhokho bakhe bafika e-Iceland ngamaViking okuqala phakathi kuka-874 no-930.
Umlando wozalo
Yize kunobufakazi obuncane kakhulu besikhathi sokuhlala kwe-Iceland, amasaga nezindabakudala zasendulo zithi abelusi base-Iceland babefika lapho kanye nabantu. Iwukuphela kohlobo lwendabuko kulezi ziqhingi ezimangelengele oluye lwajwayela amakhulu eminyaka lokuzihlukanisa.
Isimo sokusebenza kanzima kohlobo, ukuzinikela kwakhe nokwethembeka kubangane bakhe abangabantu kwakuhlonishwa ngokujulile kubantu. Bazazisa futhi bazihlonipha kakhulu lezi zinja kangangoba bazigqiba njengabantu.
Isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu e-Iceland sabangela izinkinga eziningi, kwathi ngekhulu le-10 kwaba nendlala enkulu. Ukuze basinde, abantu babulala badle izinja, futhi kuphela abahlakaniphe kakhulu, abanempilo futhi abadingeka kakhulu abakwazi ukusinda.
Njengoba zazingekho izidlo ezinkulu eziqhingini, futhi empeleni zazingekho izilwane ngokujwayelekile, kwakusho ukuthi abelusi base-Iceland babengasetshenziswa njengezinja zokuzingela, futhi isimilo sabo saba nobungane futhi sathambekela ngokuqinile kubantu.
Imvamisa zazisetshenziswa hhayi kakhulu ekuvikeleni umhlambi njengokulawulwa nokweluswa. Babazi zonke izimvu emhlambini wabo, bezihlukanisa ngokuhogela. Kuthiwa inja yokubuka yase-Iceland iphumelele kakhulu kulokhu ukuthi ingathola imvu engcwatshwe ngaphansi kwamamitha amaningana eqhwa.
Izinja zezinkomo ezinhle kakhulu, zisasetshenziselwa le nhloso futhi zingaphatha izilwane ezinkulu njengamahhashi.
Izinkomo zazalaniswa ikakhulukazi ngeNkathi Ephakathi, futhi izinja zase-Iceland zazivame ukungeniswa emazweni angomakhelwane. Ikakhulukazi eGreat Britain, lapho bethandwa khona yizikhulu futhi bayizincazelo zokuqala ezibhaliwe zohlobo. I-negociant and navigator egama layo linguMartin Beheim ibalula ngabo ngo-1492.
Amaphepha ohlobo aqhubeka nokuvela eminyakeni elandelayo. Umbhali waseSweden u-Olaf Magnus ubhala ngo-1555 ukuthi lezi zinja zithandwa kakhulu abaseSweden, ikakhulukazi abesifazane nabapristi. Futhi ngo-1570, uJohn Klaus waphinde wabiza izinja zase-Iceland njengenye yezidume kakhulu phakathi kwezikhulu zaseBrithani.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuduma kusakazeka kulo lonke elaseYurophu futhi ngo-1763 lezi zinja ziyaziwa ngisho nasePoland. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, izinja zonogada zase-Iceland zazisengcupheni yokuqothulwa.
Ukuqubuka komqedazwe phakathi kwezimvu, kudlulela ezinjeni, kusabalala ngokushesha futhi kubulale izilwane. Cishe izingxenye ezintathu kwezine zezinja ziyafa ngenxa yalolu bhubhane.
Ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwabantu (kufaka phakathi abakhiqizi bezinkomba), izinja zingeniswa ezweni zivela phesheya. Umbhali wencwadi ekhuluma nge-Icelandic Spitz, uChristian Schierbeck wahamba izwe lonke efuna izinja ezifuyiwe. Ukwazile ukuthola izinja ezingama-20 kuphela ezihambelana nezimpawu zoqobo kanye nalabo abasemapulazini akude abampofu.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izinja zase-Iceland ezazixutshiwe zazingavamile kangangokuthi intengo yomdlwane yayilingana nentengo yehhashi elihle noma izimvu ezimbalwa. Uhulumeni wavimbela ukungeniswa kwezinja emazweni angaphandle ngo-1901 ngenhloso yokuvikela umphakathi.
Kancane kancane, lolu hlobo lubuyiselwe futhi ngo-1969 kwasungulwa iklabhu yokuqala - i-Icelandic Dog Breeder Association (HRFÍ), ngo-1979 eyesibili - i-Icelandic Sheepdog Breed Club. Amalungu ekilabhu azibandakanya ekudwebeni izinga lokuzala nokuzalanisa.
Okwamanje, sekubhaliswe izinja ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezine. Yize kuneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-1000 yomlando, lolu hlobo aluzange lubonwe yi-AKC kwaze kwaba ngoJulayi 2010.
Incazelo
Bangabakwaqembu elilodwa lasendulo - iSpitz futhi ngokubukeka basondelene nezimpisi. Lezi yizinja ezisezingeni eliphakathi nendawo, abesilisa ababunayo bafinyelela ku-46 cm, abesifazane 42 cm, isisindo esingu-12-15 kg. Abesilisa bakhiwe ngokuqinile, banemisipha, kanti abesifazane banobuhle futhi banhle.
Izinja ze-Icelandic Shepherd zingaba mfushane noma zinde, kepha zihlala ziphindwe kabili, ngengubo ejiyile engangeni manzi.
Leli jazi liqukethe ijazi eliphezulu eliqatha kanye nebhantshi elithambile kodwa elijiyile elisiza inja ukuthi ifudumale. Zombili izinwele ezinde nezinwele ezimfishane zimfushane ebusweni, ezindlebeni naphambi kwezidladla, zinde entanyeni nasesifubeni. Umsila uluhlaza, unophaphe olude.
Zihluka ngemibala ehlukahlukene, lapho eyodwa enkulu ingalekelelwa ngamabala emibala ehlukene. Imvamisa izinja zimnyama, mpunga, nsundu ngombala, ezokugcina zingahluka kusuka kokhilimu kuya kobomvu.
Imvamisa, zonke izinja zinemaki elimhlophe ebusweni, esifubeni noma ezinqeni. Izinja ezinemibala ekhanyayo zinomaski omnyama esifubeni.
Izinja ezibamba iqhaza embukisweni, ukusika akuvunyelwe, ngoba isilwane kufanele sibukeke singokwemvelo ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uhlamvu
Izinja ezingathobekile, ezithembekile, ezidlalayo. Ngomsebenzi ophakathi, bayathanda ukuba phakathi kwabantu, bathembeke ngendlela eyisimanga, okwenza babe yizinja ezilungele ukugcinwa komndeni.
Okubi ukuthi ngaphandle kokuxhumana bayadinwa, abathandi ukuhlala bodwa isikhathi eside futhi badinga ukunakwa kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zezinja.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzwela okunjalo kuthinta ukuqeqeshwa futhi akufanele ube ngqongqo kubo.
Ukuqeqesha kufanele kungaguquguquki kepha kube mnene futhi kuqale ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Inja yase-Iceland inamaqhinga, kodwa ngokomzwelo ivuthwa kamuva kunezinye izinhlobo.
Ukukhula komdlwane kuyaqhubeka kuze kube unyaka wesibili wokuphila. Ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kanye nokuxhumana nabantu ngokwanele kubalulekile ezibukweni zase-Iceland.
Uthando ngabantu luyaqhubeka, futhi kubantu abangabazi, izinja zivame ukubabingelela njengabangane. Bethukile, bayabhonga futhi bavele babaleke kunokuba bangene ezingxabanweni. Kepha imvamisa bafuna nje ukwenza abangane futhi abayilungele kahle insizakalo yezokuphepha.
Imidlwane ekhule ngaphandle kwenhlalo efanele ingakhombisa ukuhlukumeza izinja zobulili obufanayo, kepha imvamisa zinokuthula.
Idalelwe umsebenzi, ejwayele isimo sezulu esibuhlungu, lezi zinja endlini zihlushwa amandla amaningi. Umsebenzi yilokho abakudingayo ukugcina ukunakekelwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulula ukuziqeqesha nokuthanda ukufunda.
Ngaphandle kobuncane babo, badinga indawo yokugijima futhi basebenze, futhi bachuma kakhulu ekhaya elizimele lapho kunendawo yezinye izilwane.
Zifanele imindeni esebenzayo noma ibalula, labo bantu abafuna inja ibe ngumngane wabo othembekile nomngane wabo. Abelusi base-Iceland bathanda amanzi, ukubhukuda, kanti abanye bazama nokudlala nabantu abaphuzayo.
Njengenja yokwalusa, i-Icelandic ivame ukusebenzisa izwi. Ukukhonkotha kuyingxenye yemvelo yabo futhi baveza ngempumelelo imizwa ehlukene kubo. Cabanga ngaleli qiniso, ngoba kungenzeka bangabi omakhelwane abahle kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zingcweti zokuphunyuka zangempela, ezingamiswa yinoma yiziphi izicingo.
Sekukonke, inja yase-Iceland ingumngane onothando nothembekile othanda ukwenza abangane futhi achithe isikhathi nomndeni wakhe. Usebenza kanzima lapho kudingeka, futhi lapho esekhaya, uyakujabulela ukuzijabulisa. Zilungele abantu abakhuthele, abanelukuluku lokuhlala endlini yangasese.
Ukunakekela
Ngokuqondene nenja enoboya obukhulu kangaka, idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Ukuxubha masonto onke kuzosiza ukuvimbela ama-tangles nemfucumfucu engubeni. Kaningi, udinga ukukama kabili ngonyaka lapho izinja zichitha ngenkuthalo.
Ezempilo
Uhlobo oluqinile nolunempilo lwenja. Bahlala kusuka eminyakeni eyi-12 kuye kwengu-15 futhi ngasikhathi sinye akuvamile ukuthi baphathwe yizifo ezithile zofuzo.
