IMacrognatus neMastacembelidae bangabomndeni wakwaMastacembelidae futhi bafana nama-eels ngaphandle kuphela, kodwa ngenhloso yokulula ngizobabiza kanjalo. Abathobekile, njengomthetho, banemibala ethandekayo futhi bahlukile ngokuziphatha okungavamile.
Kodwa-ke, kuma-aquarist amaningi, ukugcina ama-mastheads nama-macrognatus kuyinkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona ukungabi khona kolwazi, futhi kaningi ukungahambelani kwalo. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zama-eels e-aquarium atholakala kakhulu emakethe.
Ama-Eels angamalungu womndeni iMastacembelidae, futhi anezinhlobo ezintathu: iMacrognathus, iMastacembelus, neSinobdella. Ezincwadini ezindala ze-aquarium ungathola amagama Aethiomastacembelus, Afromastacembelus, futhi Caecomastacembelus, kepha lawa amagama afanayo aphelelwe yisikhathi.
Izinhlobo zase-Asia: ubunzima bokuhlukaniswa
Izinhlobo ezimbili ezihlukene zingeniswa zisuka eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia: iMacrognathus neMastacembelus. Umehluko phakathi kwabo uvame ukuba mncane futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuhlukanisa eminye yayo.
Imithombo ivame ukudideka, okuholele ekudidekeni ekuthengeni nasekuqukethwe.
Abamele umndeni bangaba kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-100 cm ubude, nasesimilweni kusuka enamahloni kuya kulaka nokudla, ngakho-ke nquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwezinhlanzi oludingayo ngaphambi kokuzithenga.
Omunye wabamele umndeni, okunzima ukudida, yi-mastacembelus enemigqa ebomvu (Mastacembelus erythrotaenia). Ingemuva elimnyama-mnyama lomzimba limbozwe imivimbo ebomvu nephuzi nolayini.
Ezinye zazo zihamba umzimba wonke, ezinye zimfishane, kanti ezinye seziphenduke amabala. Amaphiko emhlane nangendunu anomngcele obomvu. IMastacembel enemigqa ebomvu ibaluleke kunazo zonke; emvelweni ikhula ize ifike ku-100 cm.
E-aquarium, mancane kakhulu, kepha kuyefana, kudingeka okungenani amalitha we-300 wevolumu ukugcina imigqa ebomvu.
- Igama lesiLatin: Mastacembelus erythrotaenia
- Igama: IMastacembel enemigqa ebomvu
- Izwe lakubo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- Usayizi: 100 cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: i-pH 6.0 - 7.5, ithambile
- Ukondla: izinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane
- Ukuhambisana: indawo enkulu kakhulu, ayizwani nabanye. Omakhelwane kumele babe bakhulu
- Ukuzalela: akukho kuzalaniswa e-aquarium
I-Mastacembelus armatus noma i-armored (lat. Mastacembelus armatus) ivame ukutholakala isendalini, kepha kune-mastacembelus favus efanayo (Mastacembelus favus).
Cishe zingeniswa futhi zidayiswa ngohlobo olulodwa. Zombili zinombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo namabala ansundu amnyama. Kepha, ku-armature, zigxile emzimbeni ongenhla, kuthi ku-favus zehlele esiswini. IMastacembel favus incane kakhulu kune-armature, ifinyelela kuma-70 cm uma iqhathaniswa nama-90 cm.
- Igama lesiLatin: Mastacembelus armatus
- Igama: I-Mastacembel armature noma i-armored
- Izwe lakubo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- Usayizi: 90 cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: i-pH 6.0 - 7.5, ithambile
- Ukondla: izinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane
- Ukuhambisana: indawo enkulu kakhulu, ayizwani nabanye. Omakhelwane kumele babe bakhulu
- Ukuzalela: ayizali e-aquarium
Phakathi kwama-macrognathus, kunezinhlobo ezintathu zezinhlobo ezitholakala ku-aquarium. I-Coffee mastacembelus (Mastacembelus circumcinctus) yombala onsundu noma owekhofi onamabala kakhilimu nemivimbo emile kulayini ohlangothini.
- Igama lesiLatin: Macrognathus circumcinctus
- Igama: I-Coffee Mastacembel
- Izwe lakubo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- Usayizi: 15cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: i-pH 6.0 - 7.5, ithambile
- Ukondla: izibungu nezinambuzane
- Ukuhambisana: ukuthula, ngeke kucasule noma ngubani omkhulu kune-guppy
- Ukuzalela: ayizali e-aquarium
IMacrognathus aral ingumbala womnqumo noma onsundu ngokukhanyayo, ngomugqa ovundlile eceleni komugqa ohlangothini nomugqa ongemuva. Umbala wayo uyehluka kumuntu ngamunye, imvamisa kuba mnyama emaphethelweni futhi kukhanye maphakathi. I-Dorsal fin inezindawo eziningana (imvamisa ezine), ngaphakathi iba nsundu ngokukhanyayo nansundu ngaphandle.
- Igama lesiLatin: Macrognathus aral
- Igama: Macrognathus aral
- Izwe lakubo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- Usayizi: kufika ku-60 cm, imvamisa kuncane kakhulu
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: abekezelela amanzi amunyu
- Ukondla: izinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane
- Ukuhambisana: ukuthula, kungabanjwa ngamaqembu
- Ukuzalela: uhlukanisile ngokungahleliwe
ISiamese macrognathus (Macrognathus siamensis) ingenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu e-aquarium. Kweminye imithombo ibizwa nangokuthi iMacrognathus aculeatus macrognathus ocellated, kepha kuyizinhlobo ezingavamile ezingakaze zivele ezindaweni zasemanzini zokuzilibazisa.
Yize kunjalo, sidayisa iSiamese njengeyakhiwe ngocingo. ISiamese macrognathus inombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo nolayini abancane abagijima emzimbeni wonke. I-dorsal fin imbozwe ngamabala, imvamisa ingaba yi-6 yazo.
Ngaphandle kokuthi amaSiamese aphansi kakhulu ebuhleni kwezinye izinhlobo zama-eel, kuzozuza ekungathobekeni nasosayizi, angafinyeleli kuma-30 cm ubude.
- Igama lesiLatin: Macrognathus siamensis
- Igama: Macrognatus Siamese, Macrognatus ocellated
- Izwe lakubo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia
- Usayizi: kufika ku-30 cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: i-pH 6.0 - 7.5, ithambile
- Ukondla: izinhlanzi ezincane nezinambuzane
- Ukuhambisana: ukuthula, kungabanjwa ngamaqembu
- Ukuzala: ukuhlukanisa
Izinhlobo zase-Afrika: akuvamile
I-Afrika imelwe kahle ekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo zeProboscis, kepha ziyivelakancane kakhulu ekuthengisweni. Ungathola kuphela ukuphela kweLake Tanganyika: iMastacembelus moorii, iMastacembelus plagiostoma neMastacembelus ellipsifer. Zitholakala ngezikhathi ezithile kuzinhlu zezitolo zaseNtshonalanga, kepha ku-CIS zimelwe zodwa.
- Igama lesiLatin: Mastacembelus moorii
- Igama: Mastacembelus mura
- Izwe: Tanganyika
- Usayizi: 40cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: pH 7.5, kanzima
- Ukondla: ukhetha izinhlanzi ezincane, kepha kukhona izibungu nezibungu zegazi
- Ukuhambisana: indawo enkulu kakhulu, ayizwani nabanye. Omakhelwane kumele babe bakhulu
- Ukuzalela: akukho kuzalaniswa e-aquarium
- Igama lesiLatin: Mastacembelus plagiostoma
- Igama: Mastacembelus plagiostoma
- Izwe: Tanganyika
- Usayizi: 30cm
- Amapharamitha wamanzi: pH 7.5, kanzima
- Ukondla: ukhetha izinhlanzi ezincane, kepha kukhona izibungu nezibungu zegazi
- Ukuhambisana: Ukuthula ngokwanele, kungahlala ngamaqembu
- Ukuzalela: ayizali e-aquarium
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Enye yezinganekwane ezaziwa kakhulu mayelana nokugcina ama-aquarium eels ukuthi adinga amanzi anosawoti. Umsuka wale mbono oyiphutha awucaci, mhlawumbe uhambe nini, ukuvimbela ukuvela kwe-semolina, amanzi ase-aquarium afakwa usawoti.
Eqinisweni, izinhlwathi zeProboscis zihlala emifuleni nasemachibini ngamanzi ahlanzekile futhi zimbalwa kuphela emanzini anosawoti. Ngaphezu kwalokho, angabekezelela kuphela amanzi anosawoti omncane.
Ezinhlotsheni zase-Asia, amanzi athambile kuya kokuphakathi aqinile, ane-asidi noma ane-alikhali encane. Okwezinhlobo zase-Afrika futhi, ngaphandle kwalabo abahlala eTanganyika, abadinga amanzi anzima.
Cishe wonke ama-macrognatuse emba futhi afihle umhlabathi, kufanele agcinwe emanzini anenhlabathi eyisihlabathi. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, khona-ke ungabhekana nezinkinga eziningi, ezivame kakhulu izifo zesikhumba.
IMacrognatus izama ukuzingcwaba enhlabathini eqinile, ithole imihuzuko lapho kungena khona ukutheleleka. Lezi zifo zamagciwane zinzima ukwelashwa futhi zivame ukuholela ekufeni kwezinhlanzi.
Inhlabathi yesihlabathi ibaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ama-spiny eel. Ukusetshenziswa kwesihlabathi se-quartz kulungile. Ingathengwa ngokungabizi kakhulu ezitolo eziningi ezingadini, lapho isetshenziswa kakhulu njengesengezo somhlaba sezitshalo zasendlini.
Kufanele ungeze ngokwanele ukuze i-eel ingene kuyo. Cishe u-5 cm uzokwanela ama-proboscis snouts ayi-15-20 cm ubude.
Njengoba bethanda ukumba inhlabathi, isihlabathi esihle ngeke siqongelele, kepha ukwengeza i-melania kuzoyenza ihlanzeke ngokuphelele. Isihlabathi kufanele sigqutshwe njalo ukuze imikhiqizo yokubola inganqwabeli kuso.
Izinhlobo ezinkulu ezinjenge-mastacembel armatus nemigqa ebomvu kufanele zigcinwe emanzini anenhlabathi enesihlabathi ngenkathi incane. Njengabantu abadala, abavamile ukuzingcwaba futhi bajabule ngezinye izindawo zokucasha - imihume, izingqinamba namatshe.
Zonke izinsalela zithanda izitshalo ezintantayo kukholamu lamanzi, ngokwesibonelo, zingagobhoza ku-hornwort njengesihlabathi. Ngokwenzayo, akunangqondo ukuzihlupha ngezitshalo, ngoba ukugqobhoza ama-eel kubulala uhlelo lwawo lwempande.
Izitshalo ezintantayo, ubulembu nama-anubis yikho konke okudingayo ku-aquarium enjalo.
Ukondla
Ama-aquarium eels adume ngokuba nzima ukuwondla. Ngokuvamile banamahloni futhi kuzothatha amasonto, uma kungenjalo izinyanga, ngaphambi kokuzinza endaweni entsha.
Kubalulekile ukubanikeza ukudla okwanele ngalesi sikhathi. Njengoba ama-spiny eel ikakhulu asebusuku, udinga ukuwondla lapho kushona ilanga. Izinhlobo zase-Asia azinasisindo futhi zidla izikelemu zegazi, izinhlanzi ezincane, kepha ikakhulukazi izibungu zothando.
Abantu base-Afrika bathatha kuphela ukudla okuphilayo, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ungakujwayela ukudla okokuqandisa nokufakelwa. Njengoba ama-eel enamahloni, kungcono ukungazigcini nge-catfish noma ama-loach, asebenza kakhulu futhi azodla konke ngomzuzwana.
Ukuphepha
Izizathu eziyinhloko zokufa kwama-aquarium eels yindlala nezifo zesikhumba. Kepha, kunezinye ezimbili ezingabonakali. Okokuqala: babaleka e-aquarium ngegebe elincane. Khohlwa ama-aquariums avulekile khona manjalo, azomane abaleke ayome kwenye indawo othulini.
Kepha, ngisho ne-aquarium evaliwe akuphephile! Kuzotholakala igebe elincane futhi u-eel uzozama ukukhasa ngalo. Lokhu kuyingozi ikakhulukazi kuma-aquariums anezihlungi zangaphandle, lapho kunikezwa khona izimbobo zamapayipi.
Enye ingozi ukwelashwa. Izinduna azibekezeleli amalungiselelo ethusi, futhi zivame ukuphathwa nge-semolina efanayo. Ngokuvamile, abakubekezeleli ukwelashwa kahle, ngoba abanazo izikali ezincane ezingavikele umzimba kahle.
Ukuhambisana
Ama-eels e-aquarium ajwayele ukuba namahloni futhi angabanaki omakhelwane uma engakwazi ukuwagwinya, kepha azodla izinhlanzi ezincane. Ngokuphathelene nezinhlobo ezihlobene, zingathathi hlangothi ngokuphelele noma zinolaka olukhulu.
Njengomthetho, ama-mastasembel ayindawo, futhi ama-macrognatuses abekezela kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, eqenjini elincane (abantu ababili kuya kwabathathu), futhi bayakwazi ukushayela ababuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi uma i-aquarium incane noma ayikho indawo yokukhosela.
Kodwa-ke, aqukethe ama-macrognatuses ngamunye ngamunye, noma eqenjini avumelana nezimo ngokushesha okukhulu.
Ukuzala
Okunye okuhlanganisiwe ekugcineni ama-macrognatus emhlambini kungenzeka ukuzala. Izinhlobo ezimbalwa kuphela zama-eels ezizalela ekuthunjweni, kepha lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngoba zigcinwa zodwa. Ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane ngomunye umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka ngenkathi izinhlanzi zingakavuthwa. Abesifazane babhekwa njengabakhulu kakhulu, abanesisu esiyindilinga.
Umshini wokuzala awukacwaningwa, kepha izinguquko ezinhle zokondla nezamanzi zisebenza njengokubangela. Cishe bakhumbuza izinhlanzi ngokuqala kwenkathi yemvula, lapho ukuzala kwenzeka khona emvelweni. Isibonelo, iMacrognathus aral izala kuphela ngesikhathi semvula.
Ukuqomisana kuyinkqubo ende, eyinkimbinkimbi ethatha amahora amaningi. Izinhlanzi ziyasukelana futhi zishayela imibuthano ezungeze i-aquarium.
Babeka amaqanda anamathele phakathi kwamaqabunga noma izimpande zezitshalo ezintantayo njenge-hyacinth yamanzi.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, kufinyelela kumaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyinkulungwane, cishe u-1.25 mm ububanzi, aqandusela ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu noma ezine.
Amafry aqala ukubhukuda ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine futhi adinga ukudla okuncane okufana ne-cyclops nauplii kanye ne-yolk yeqanda elibilisiwe. Inkinga ethile nge-eel gazinga esanda kuchanyuselwa ukuthinteka okuthile ekuthuthukisweni kwezifo zefungal.
Izinguquko zamanzi ezijwayelekile zibaluleke kakhulu futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe imishanguzo yokubulala ukhunta.
