I-Mittelschnauzer (i-German Mittelschnauzer, i-English Standard Schnauzer) uhlobo lwenja, izwe lakubo yiJalimane. Igama lesiJalimane lihumusha ngokuthi, mittel medium, schnauze - muzzle futhi lisho schnauzer ejwayelekile noma ephakathi.
Izifushaniso
- IMittelschnauzer ihlakaniphile impela, kepha ingaba nenkani. Kubantu abafisa ukuzalanisa izinja, ukuba ngumzali kungaba yinselele.
- Zinomzwelo onamandla wokuzivikela, kepha azikhonkothi ngaphandle kwesizathu. Kuphela uma kukhona okudinga ukunakwa.
- AmaMittelschnauzers asheshe alahlekelwe intshisekelo yokuqeqeshwa, uma kuyisidina.
- Ngenxa yobuhlakani babo kanye nomlingiswa wabo ovelele, bayawaqonda amaphutha abantu futhi balwela ukuthatha isikhundla esiholayo ephaketheni. Ukuqonda i-psychology yenja nokubeka imingcele kubaluleke kakhulu enjeni.
- ISchnauzers iyasola ngabantu engabazi ize ibone ukuthi abanikazi bayo bayakujabulela ukubabona.
- Banamandla amaningi adinga ukuphuma. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bazomvumela angene esiteshini esonakalisayo.
- Njengoba omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko esikhathini esedlule kwakuwukucekelwa phansi kwamagundane, akufanele ushiye imittel schnauzer yodwa namagundane nezilwane ezincane.
- Noma kunjalo, bazwana kahle namakati.
- Lezi zinja zifuna ukwazi, azesabi futhi azizithandi ezinye izinja. Ekuhambeni, ungavumeli ukuba bashiye i-leash, izimpi zingenzeka.
Umlando wozalo
Yize kunzima ukukholelwa, esikhathini esedlule, iSchnauzer ne-Pinscher yaseJalimane zazithathwa njengezinhlobo ezahlukene zohlobo olufanayo. Ngenkathi kudalwa izindinganiso zokuqala ezibhaliwe zalezi zinhlobo, zazibizwa nge-Shorthaired Pinscher kanye ne-Wirehaired Pinscher.
Kuze kube ngo-1870, zombili izinhlobo zezinja zingavela kudoti ofanayo. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi bayizihlobo eziseduze futhi bavela ohlotsheni olufanayo.
Ngeshwa, namuhla akunakwenzeka ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi. Umdwebi odumile u-Albrecht Durer waveza ama-schnauzers emidwebeni yakhe yango-1492-1502.
Le misebenzi ayifakazeli nje kuphela ukuthi phakathi nale minyaka le nzalo yayivele ikhona, kodwa nokuthi yayisetshenziswa kabanzi njengezinja ezisebenzayo.
Ngaphandle kokuthi ukubalulwa kokuqala kohlobo kwavela kuphela ngemuva kuka-1780, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi indala kakhulu.
Imvelaphi yalolu hlobo ayaziwa, kepha lezi zinja zisize izizwe ezikhuluma isiJalimane amakhulu, uma kungenjalo izinkulungwane zeminyaka.
Umsebenzi wabo omkhulu kwakuwukuzingela amagundane nezilwane ezincane ezidlayo, kwesinye isikhathi babesiza ukudlisa imfuyo noma ukuyigada.
Inzalo yalezi zinja ifaka phakathi ama-schnauzers amathathu: i-mittel schnauzer, i-giant schnauzer, i-schnauzer encane.
Futhi abasebenza ngezikhonkwane: i-Pinscher yaseJalimane, iDoberman Pinscher, iPincher encane, i-Affenpinscher ne-Austrian Pinscher. Mhlawumbe i-Danish Swedish Farmdog nayo ingaphansi kwaleli qembu.
I-Mittel Schnauzer (ngaleso sikhathi eyayibizwa nge-Wirehaired Pinscher) kanye ne-Affenpinscher kwakuyizinhlobo zokuqala zika-Pinscher ezaziwa ezweni elikhuluma isiNgisi. Laba kwakungababambi bamagundane abanezinwele futhi abaseBrithani banquma ukuwahlukanisa njengama-terriers.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akunjalo futhi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi ama-terriers aqhamuka eziqhingini zaseBrithani awela ezizweni zamaJalimane, futhi iningi lamaPinscher alibukeki njengama-terriers. Sekuyisikhathi eside abalimi baseJalimane bephikisana ngokuthi izinja zabo zahlukaniswa njenge-terriers.
Kungenzeka, izipikili zokuqala zavela eNkathini Ephakathi phakathi kwezizwe ezikhuluma isiJalimane, zabe sezisakazeka kuwo wonke uMbuso Ongcwele WaseRoma naseScandinavia.
Ngaphandle kwenkolelo yokuthi i-mittel schnauzer yavela ezinjeni ezihluphekayo ezifana ne-pinscher yaseJalimane, akucaci ukuthi waba nezinwele zocingo nini futhi kanjani.
Enye yezinketho - ziwele nge-terriers. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokunikezwa kokusebenza okufanayo nezinhlamvu zezinhlobo ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kumele ukuthi kwenzeka emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka adlule, ngesikhathi lapho izinja zazingavamile ukuwela izilwandle.
Ngesikhathi kuthathwa iziqhingi zaseBrithani wuMbuso WaseRoma, izinja zazingeniswa futhi zithunyelwe njalo. Incazelo enengqondo kunazo zonke ukuthi bawele ngama-griffin, ama-hounds-haired-hounds, izwe lakubo yiFrance noma iSpitz.
Womabili ama-griffins noSpitz baziwa isikhathi eside ezizweni ezikhuluma isiJalimane, ngokungafani nezindawo zaseBrithani. Usuku lwalesi siphambano alwaziwa, kepha lolu hlobo luhlotshaniswa neningizimu yeJalimane, ikakhulukazi iBavaria.
U-Affenpinscher, owazalwa ngaphambi kuka-1600, uyisihlobo esiseduze se-mittel schnauzer. Wayengukhokho wakhe, noma zombili izinhlobo zazalwa kukhokho oyedwa.
Kukholakala ukuthi iPoodle neGerman Spitz babambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ekuveleni kohlobo, kepha ngemuva kuka-1800.
Lezi zinhlobo zazisetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono izici ze-mittel schnauzer, ukwengeza i-poodle emnyama nokuklanywa kweKeeshond. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kucatshangwa kuphela futhi abukho ubufakazi balokhu.
IMittel Schnauzer yaduma kulo lonke elaseJalimane njengenja ehambisana nayo kanye nenja yabalimi. Ngo-1800, luhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu eJalimane futhi lugcinwa kuyo yonke imikhakha yempilo, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke lusezansi.
Kodwa-ke, ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho mbuzo nganoma yiziphi izindinganiso zokuzalwa futhi izinja zazihluke kakhulu ngokubukeka. Lokhu kwaqala ukushintsha lapho izinhlangano zokuqala ezikhohlisayo nezinhlelo zezinja zivela e-UK.
Ukuthandwa kwabo kwasakazeka ngokushesha kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngo-1900, cishe zonke izinhlobo zendabuko zaseJalimane (isb. IGreat Dane) zazimisiwe futhi inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezintsha zazalwa.
Ngaleso sikhathi, iMittelschnauzer isaziwa ngokuthi yi-Wirehaired Pinscher. Ukukhulunywa kokuqala kwalolu hlobo kuvela ngo-1879, ngesikhathi sombukiso wezinja owawuseHanover.
Kukholakala ukuthi iMittel schnauzer egama linguSchnauzer iyinqobile. Lezi zinja zaziwa njengama-schnauzers, okokuqala njengesidlaliso, bese kuba igama elisemthethweni.
Izinga lokuqala lokuzala lenziwa ngo-1880 futhi kwabanjwa umbukiso wezinja ngaphansi kwalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, lolu hlobo luthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-ejensi okuphoqelela umthetho eJalimane.
Ngale minyaka, iSchnauzer isetshenziselwa ukudala izinhlobo eziningi. Kwakuvela kuye ukuthi kwavela iMiniature Schnauzer neGiant Schnauzer, ezinye izinhlobo zezinwele ezenziwe ngocingo. Ukulandela umlando wabo kunzima, ngoba lesi yisikhathi semfashini, se-boom kanye nesilingo esingapheli.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, lolu hlobo lusakazeka ngaphandle kweJalimane futhi luthola ukuthandwa ngokushesha eYurophu. Inani elincane lezinja liza eMelika nabokufika. I-American Kennel Club (AKC) ibona lolu hlobo ngo-1904 futhi ilubeka njenge-Terrier, okungabathokozisi abazalanisi.
Uhlobo lwaluhlala luqabukela phesheya kwezilwandle kwaze kwaba yimpi yokuqala yomhlaba. Ngemuva kwawo, umfudlana wabafuduki watheleka e-United States, iningi labo elathathwa nama-mittelschnauzers.
Maphakathi nawo-1920, lolu hlobo lwalwaziwa kakhulu e-United States. Ngo-1925 kwakhiwa iSchnauzer Club of America, emelwe yi-mittel schnauzer kanye ne-mini schnauzer. Ngo-1933 wahlukana kabili, ngokusho kohlobo.
Ngo-1945, abadlali abayizimfundamakhwela banxenxa i-AKC ukuthi ihambise lolu hlobo kusuka eqenjini elisezingeni eliphansi kuya eqenjini elisebenzayo. IMiniature Schnauzer ithola ukuthandwa futhi iba enye yezinja ezithandwa kakhulu e-United States.
Ischnauzer emaphakathi ayisoze yakuthola lokhu kuthandwa, yize i-United Kennel Club (UKC) izokwaziwa ngo-1948.
IMittel Schnauzer wuhlobo olusebenzayo oluthandwa kakhulu ngamaphoyisa. Kodwa-ke, namuhla iningi lezinja lingabangane. Iminyaka eminingi lolu hlobo lwalungenye yezidume kakhulu eYurophu.
Incazelo yohlobo
Ngenxa yokufana ne-schnauzer encane, abantu abaningi banombono omuhle ngokuvela kwe-mittel schnauzer. Amadevu nentshebe kugqame kakhulu. Njengoba ukuzalaniswa kohlobo kwakuhlanjululwe kakhulu kunalokho kwamancane, izinja zihlukaniswa ngokuqina kwangaphandle.
Le yinja ephakathi nendawo, abesilisa ababunayo bafinyelela ku-46-51 cm bese benesisindo esingu-16-26 kg, ama-bitches angama-43-48 cm no-14-20 kg.
Ngaphandle kokuthi izinja eziningi namuhla azisebenzi, lolu hlobo lusasebenza. Futhi ubukeka kanjena: inja ehlanganisiwe, eqinile, enemisipha yefomethi yesikwele.
Phambilini, umsila wawubekiwe, kushiya ama-vertebrae amathathu, kepha namuhla lo mkhuba uphelelwe yimfashini futhi uvunyelwe emazweni amaningi ase-Europe. Umsila wemvelo mfushane, umise okwe-saber.
Lolu hlobo lunobunye bobuso obukhumbuleka kakhulu elathola igama lalo. Ikhanda likhulu, isifonyo sisesimweni sesigaxa esibuthuntu, intshebe edumile iyakhula kuso.
Amehlo amnyama, anamashiya asindayo asindayo, le nkulumo ihlakaniphile. Izindlebe ziye zasikwa ngaphambili, kepha njengomsila, lokhu kuzophuma ngesitayela. Izindlebe zemvelo ezimise okwe-V, ukulenga, okuncane.
IMittel Schnauzer idume ngejazi layo elinzima, elinamawele. Leli jazi liphindwe kabili, ijazi langaphansi lithambile, ihembe langaphandle liqinile kakhulu.
Ijazi lisondele emzimbeni, liqonde. Ezidladleni, akunzima njengakuwo wonke umzimba. Ebusweni nasezindlebeni, izinwele zimfushane, ngaphandle kwentshebe namashiya.
Imibala emibili ivunyelwe: omnyama nopelepele ngosawoti. Umnyama kufanele acebe, ngisho, kepha indawo encane emhlophe esifubeni iyamukeleka.
I-pepper enosawoti - inhlanganisela emnyama nomhlophe kuzo zonke izinwele. Lo ocars angaba nesifihla sobuso esimnyama ebusweni.
Uhlamvu
IMittel Schnauzer yaziwa njengenja enhle kakhulu. Njengoba lolu hlobo lwalulinywe ngokucatshangelwa, isimilo salo siyabikezelwa. Bathanda abantu nenkosi abanamathele kuyo.
Njengoba ubungalindela kumlingani, uyazithanda izingane futhi imvamisa ungumngane wazo. Lezi zinja zinesineke kakhulu kune-terriers, azilumi futhi ziyakwazi ukubekezelela isabelo esikhulu sokuhlukunyezwa okuvela ezinganeni. Kodwa-ke, kuphela kusuka ezinganeni ezivela emndenini wazo.
Njengoba bekufanele baqaphe impahla, ababethembi ikakhulukazi abantu abangabazi. UMittelschnauzer uyakwazi ukutshela ukuthi ngubani umngani nokuthi ngubani ongeyena, kepha ngaphandle kokuxhumana nabantu kungaba nolaka kubantu ongabazi. Uma ufuna inja ehlanganisa i-watchdog nemisebenzi ehambisana nayo, lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu.
Abazwani kahle nezinja zabanye abantu, banolaka ngezinja zobulili obufanayo futhi ababathandi abesilisa nabesifazane.
Ukukhulisa izingane ngendlela efanele kanye nobudlelwano obuhle nabantu kuzosiza ekunciphiseni ubudlova, kepha ngeke kuyenze ibe yindawo yokuthakazela uhlobo lwe-beagle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banamandla futhi bazama ukuthatha indima yomholi ephaketheni. Yize izinja eziningi zikhetha ukuhlala nenkampani yohlobo lwazo, iSchnauzer izokhetha ukuba yodwa.
Inja yabalimi esebenzayo isebenza kahle nezilwane ezinkulu ezifuywayo. Ngokuxhumana nabantu, amakati avame ukubekezelelwa, ngaphandle kwawo angahlasela.
Kodwa amagundane nezinye izilwane ezincane zisengozini enkulu, ngoba lokhu kwakungowokuqala ukubamba amagundane.
Izilinganiso ezahlukahlukene zobuhlakani be-canine zibeka iSchnauzer kuhlu lwezinhlobo ezihlakaniphe kakhulu. Bayakwazi ukuxazulula izinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi banokucabanga okuhle kakhulu, badume ngekhono labo lokwenza ubuqili. Noma kunjalo, ukuziqeqesha akulula.
Lolu hlobo lunokucabanga okuzimele futhi luthanda ukwenza lokho olubona kufanelekile. Ukubusa kohlanga nakho kudala izinkinga ezinkulu. Bazama ukulawula yonke into futhi bazizwe kahle ngesikhathi lapho kungenziwa khona.
Uma inja ithatha isinqumo sokuthi iyona eyinhloko ephaketheni, ngeke ilalele umnikazi wayo. Ngakho-ke, uhlala efuna ukukhumbula ngobuholi futhi aqonde nokusebenza kwengqondo kwenja.
IMittel Schnauzer wuhlobo lomdlandla oludinga ukuzivocavoca umzimba njalo. Hhayi njengeJack Russell Terrier noma iBorder Collie, kepha ngaphezu kweBulldog.
Uma kutholakala indawo yamandla, inja izolile ngokwanele ekhaya futhi izwana kahle efulethini.
Ukunakekela
Olunye lwezinhlobo oludinga ukunakekelwa ngumlungisi womsebenzi osezingeni elifanele. Yize abanikazi bezinakekela, kuyinkinga impela.
Kabili ngonyaka, inja idinga ukusikwa, ijazi lixubha njalo. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi kukhona ukunakekelwa okuningi, lo mhlobo unenhlanganisela, awupheli.
Ezempilo
IMittel Schnauzer ibhekwa njengomhlobo onempilo. Mdala impela, unechibi elikhulu lofuzo futhi akanazo izifo ezikhethekile zofuzo.
Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwengu-15, ende ngokwanele ngenja yalolu sayizi. Ngo-2008, iStandard Schnauzer Club of America yenza ucwaningo olathola ukuthi yi-1% kuphela yeSchnauzers ehlushwa ukugula okunzima, kanti isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabantu yiminyaka eyi-12 nezinyanga eziyi-9.
Kukhona izifo ezimbili kuphela zofuzo: i-hip dysplasia ne-retrophy atrophy. Kodwa-ke, zivame kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlanzekile.
