Inja yamabhubesi amancane (inja yengonyama, iLöwchen) (iFrench Petit chien lion, i-English Löwchen) iyinja encane, ehlobisa inja. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo eziyivelakancane. Ngo-1973 kwabhaliswa abameleli abangama-65 kuphela balolu hlobo. Ngisho nanamuhla, amakhulu amaningana abo abhalisiwe ngonyaka.
Umlando wozalo
Abalandeli bakaLoewchen bathi lolu hlobo lwalukhona ekuqaleni kuka-1434, bephawula iqiniso lokuthi inja efanayo iyavezwa emdwebeni othi "Portrait of the Arnolfini Couple" kaJan van Eyck.
Umdwebi, nokho, akakaze asho uhlobo lohlobo olukhonjisiwe, nabalandeli bezinye izinhlobo, njengeBrussels Griffon, nabo bathi bangababo. Abanye abaculi basebenzise nenja yebhubesi emsebenzini wabo, okubalwa kubo u-Albrecht Durer noFrancisco de Goya. Le ndaba iholele embonweni owamukelwa ngokujwayelekile wokuthi iLeuchen ekuqaleni yayiluhlobo lwaseYurophu.
Abanye bathi lolu hlobo luvela eJalimane, abanye bathi luvela eHolland, eBelgium naseFrance, kanti abanye bathi ulayini waseMedithera. Kulabo abakholelwa okhokho baseYurophu, i-leuchen ithathwa njengesihlobo se-poodle yesimanje.
Labo abaphikisana ngamagugu aseMedithera bathi kungowomndeni wakwaBichon, njengoba igama elithi Bichon lihumusha lisuselwa kwelesiFulentshi njenge "lapdog eboshwe ngosilika". Umndeni wakwaBichon uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezifana neBichon Frize, Maltese, Havanese neBolognese, lapho iLeuchen ifana ngokuqinile.
Igama elithi "Lowchen" lihunyushwa lisuselwa kusiJalimane ngokuthi "ibhubesi elincane". Igama elikhomba ekubukekeni okufana nokufana nengonyama okunikezwe lolu hlobo kulo lonke umlando, okwenza kube lula ukubonakala ebucikweni be-Europe bekhulu le-15. Ukuhlala ezindlini zobukhosi zamakhosana namakhosazana, kanye nasemizini yezicukuthwane ezihlala ezindlini ezisemaphandleni, wake waba ngumuntu othandwa kakhulu ngabantu.
ILoewchen yayiyinhlobo eyintandokazi yezicukuthwane nezinkantolo eziphakeme zasebukhosini zaseYurophu ngaphambi nangemva kweRenaissance. Izintokazi zasenkantolo zazivame ukugcina lezi zinja, ngoba amabhubesi enziwe amandla namandla, izimfanelo ezibalulekile zezicukuthwane.
Esinye isizathu sokuqukethwe ngokuqinisekile sasiyi-prosaic ngaphezulu. Uhlobo lunesikhumba esifudumele kakhulu. Kungabanda kakhulu ezinqabeni zaseYurophu yasendulo. Izintokazi zathola ukuthi uma ingxenye yesithathu engemuva yenja igundiwe, ngeke nje ibukeke ihlukile futhi inesitayela, kepha iyakwazi ukufudumeza imilenze yayo ebusuku. Ngesikhathi sasemini, inja ingaqhubeka nokusebenza kwayo njengesifudumezi sesandla samantombazane. Inja yengonyama yaziwa "njenge-Europe efudumele".
Naphezu komlando wayo omude futhi ocebile emidwebo, lolu hlobo aluzange kukhulunywe ngalo emithonjeni ebhaliwe kuze kube ngu-1555, lapho uKonrad Gessner ekhuluma ngalo okokuqala ku-Animalium yakhe. Kusukela ngo-1756, lolu hlobo luye lwafakwa ezigabeni ezibhaliwe ngaphansi kwamagama ahlukahlukene, kepha imvamisa lalibizwa ngokuthi "inja yengonyama".
I-Poodle neBichon nazo bezivame ukuvela kule mibhalo, okukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi ngalesi sikhathi iLeuchen yayivele iyinhlobo ehlukile nehlukile. Uhlobo lolo kukhulunywa ngalo ezincwadini eziningi ezindala zezinja nakwamanye ama-encyclopedia.
Ngenxa yemvelo yayo ethandekayo futhi edlalayo, kanye nokuzinikela kwayo okunamandla, i-Little Lion Dog yayihlonishwa kakhulu yiwo wonke umuntu owayeyigcina ekhaya labo. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezinganekwane mayelana nokuzinikela nokuzinikela lohlobo olunalo kumlingani walo ongumuntu.
Yize lolu hlobo ekuqaleni lwaluthandwa kakhulu, ngekhulu le-19 izinombolo zaqala ukwehla kakhulu. Ukukhuphuka kokuthandwa kwe-poodle kungaba ngesinye sezizathu sokuthi lolu hlobo luqale ukwehla.
I-poodle encane, efana nokubukeka nobukhulu, maduzane yaba yintandokazi phakathi kwezicukuthwane. ILoewchen, okwakungohlobo olungajwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi futhi lwaluthathwa njengohlobo olwaphela kanye nezinye eziningi.
Abanye bazame ngokungaphumeleli ukuvuselela lolu hlobo ekuqaleni kwawo-1800. Umfuyi wokuqala obhalwe phansi kwakunguDkt. Valtier waseJalimane. Ukuvuselelwa kwangempela kohlobo kuzokwenzeka kuphela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1800 nasekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka.
Ukuqala ngoSolwazi Kurt Koenig weZootechnical Institute eRothenburg, owaqala ukuqoqa izinja zezingonyama ezincane nezinye izinhlobo zocwaningo lofuzo. UKoenig nabasizi bakhe bakhetha ucwaningo lwabo kuphela izinja ezinempilo ezinomlingiswa ophilayo futhi onobungane. Akazange azame ukusindisa uhlobo, kepha imiphumela yohlelo lwakhe lokuzalela yasiza ukugcina izinombolo.
Futhi ngalesi sikhathi, omunye umfuyi, waseBelgium ogama lakhe linguMaximilian Koninck, naye wayefuya futhi ekhombisa izinja zebhubesi. Ngo-1896, uMadame Bennert othile wayefuna isilwane esifanelekile angasifaka emndenini wakhe.
Uxhumane noKonink, wabe esethola inja yakhe yokuqala yebhubesi kuye. Wayethanda lolu hlobo futhi wayenesithakazelo ngomdlandla emlandweni walo nekusasa lakhe. Ngaphandle kwenhloso yokuba ngumfuyi, uBennert wagcina esebonile ukuthi le nja ibisincipha ngamanani.
Lapho kugqashuka iMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba, uBennert wanquma ukuthi kumele enze okuthile ukuzama ukusindisa inzalo yakhe ayithandayo ekuqothulweni okuseduze.
Ngo-1945, lapho kuphela iMpi Yezwe II, uBennert waqala ukufuna amalungu asele ohlobo. Eminyakeni emithathu eyalandela, wakwazi ukuthola ama-leuchens amathathu kuphela.
UBennert wathenga lezi zinja, udoti wokuqala kubo wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 13, 1948. Eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo, uBennert uzothuthukisa uhlobo nokuzulazula ethungatha amalungu akhe asele.
Ngo-1960, inja encane yamabhubesi yabonwa njengohlobo oluyivelakancane emhlabeni ngokusho kweGuinness Book of Records. Zijwayelekile, kepha azipheli, njengoba abanye abathanda kakhulu baqala ukuzala lolu hlobo futhi inani labo landa kancane kancane.
Kepha noma kukhula kancane kancane, lohlobo lwahlala lincane ngenani futhi lungavamile. Ngo-1971 wahlonishwa yi-English Kennel Club.
Yize iLeuchen isalokhu iwuhlobo olungajwayelekile nolukhethekile, okwamanje iphephile ngenxa yemizamo emikhulu eyenziwa abalimi.
Incazelo
Inja yesitayela enemvelaphi yezicukuthwane, bekuyinto ethandekayo yabantu abakhulu emphakathini iminyaka eminingi. Lolu hlobo lwaziwa ngesitayela salo esikhethekile sokuzilungisa, futhi belunakekelwa ngale ndlela kusukela ezinsukwini zobukhosi bezinyanya.
Izinhlobo ziyinja ekahle yasendlini, njengoba ifinyelela ku-26-32 cm ekubuneni futhi inesisindo esingaba ngu-6 kg. Umzimba mude ukudlula ubude, unemisipha futhi wakhiwe kahle. Izilinganiso ezifanele zibaluleke kakhulu.
Ukhakhayi lubanzi futhi luyisicaba phakathi kwezindlebe, ezitholakala ngenhla nje kwezinga leso. Izindlebe zinobude obuphakathi, kepha zinemiphetho emihle. Amehlo amakhulu ayindilinga asethwe ajule kugebhezi. Bahlala buqhelelene impela babheke phambili ngqo. Amehlo avame ukuba nsundu ngokunyama. Isifonyo sikhombisa ukuvaleka okujwayelekile. Isisho esisesifubeni sijabule futhi siphapheme.
Izinyawo zangaphambili ziqonde, zincane futhi ziyindilinga, zinamapayipi ajulile nezinzwani ezigobile ezisondelene. Izinyawo zangemuva zincane kancane kunezangaphambili, kodwa zicishe zifane ngesimo. Umsila uphakanyiswe phezulu futhi uhlotshiswe ngompevu ekugcineni.
Ijazi, indlela eyingqayizivele yokusika, yisici esivelele kunazo zonke zohlobo. Manje inja ibukeka icishe ifane nemidwebo esukela eminyakeni yama-1400s. Lokhu ukugunda izinwele, ibhande lesithathu langemuva lomzimba wenja lifinyeziwe, kepha ngaphambili lihlala lide, njengemane. Izinwele ezinde zihlala zilingana ekugcineni kwomsila nakuzo zonke izinyawo. Ijazi ngokwemvelo likhulu futhi lide, liyajiya entanyeni futhi liyabuna.
ILoewchen ingaba nemibala ehlukene, futhi umbala ungashintsha impilo yonke. Abaningi abazalwa bemnyama bazokhanyisa ukhilimu noma isiliva. Umbala wejazi ungaba yinoma yini, ngaphandle konsundu nemibala yawo. Umbala ongajwayelekile kakhulu yi-brindle.
Uhlamvu
Umlingani wezicukuthwane amakhulu eminyaka, iLeuchen yadalelwa ukuthi ibe yinja ephumayo, nenemikhuba emihle nenenhlalo. Wenza abangane kalula futhi kaningi. Lolu hlobo lugcwele amandla nokuthokoza, luthanda ukuba phakathi kwabantu, luzwana nezingane nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.
Bangumlingani ozinikele, imvamisa bekhetha ilungu lomndeni abalithandayo njengelintandokazi futhi bathulule ukukhuleka nothando kulowo okhethiwe.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izinja zebhubesi ezincane zigxile futhi ziphapheme. Lolu hlobo, njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi zokuhlobisa, luyinja yokuqapha enhle kakhulu ethatha isikhundla sayo emndenini ngokungathi sína.
Uthanda ukuhlala endaweni emvumela ukuthi abone wonke umuntu noma konke okungasondela ekhaya futhi axwayise nganoma ibaphi abantu abasha. Kuthiwa lolu hlobo lwalubekwa ezindlini zokulala zezintokazi zasenkantolo ukuxwayisa onogada ngokubonakala kwezivakashi zesilisa kule mbudane.
Noma imuphi umsebenzi uzothathwa njengesizathu sokwazisa umnikazi wawo ngokwenzekayo. Uma ingaqeqeshiwe kahle ukulawula ukukhonkotha kwayo, inja ingakhonkotha ngokuqhubekayo futhi ibe yinto ecasulayo.
Ukulungisa lolu hlobo lokukhonkotha okungalawuleki kusenesikhathi kungaxazulula inkinga. Yize ethambekele ekukhonkothweni, uLeuchen uhlakaniphile futhi uzimisele ukujabulisa. Ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kuzosiza ukukhula njengenja ekhuliswe kahle ezokhonkotha kuphela lapho kufanele khona.
Ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kungasiza nohlobo olunamandla luhlale lunelisekile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Le nja inolwazi kakhulu ngemiyalo, ikhombisa ukulalela nokuziphatha okulungile.
Lolu wuhlobo olunobungane futhi olubucayi, ngakho-ke noma yikuphi ukuqeqeshwa kufanele kube okuhle ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuba nehango kungenza inja ihoxe, ibe novalo noma ikhathazeke.
Umlando wenja yebhubesi njengenja ehambisana nayo ubuyela emuva emakhulwini eminyaka futhi ugxile ngokujulile ebuntwini bakhe. Uthanda ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuba nabangane bakhe nomndeni wakhe futhi uzohlupheka ngokuba yedwa isikhathi eside.
Imizwa yesizungu ingaholela ekukhathazekeni kwenja, okuholela ekuziphatheni okulimazayo nokukhonkotha.
Ukuxhumana nabantu kusenesikhathi nakho kubalulekile. Uma yehluleka ukuzihlanganisa kahle nabantu abasha nezinye izilwane, uhlobo lolo luvame ukuba namahloni futhi lube manqikanqika. Lokhu kungahambi kahle kungaholela nasekulweni phakathi kwezinja.
Cabanga (lokhu kuyiqiniso ngezinja eziningi ezizalanayo) ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kwendlu yangasese kungaba inqubo ende futhi enzima. Akunzima ukuthi inja encane inyonyobele ngemuva kwefenisha noma emakhoneni acashile, kunzima ukuyilandela; ngakho-ke, inja ingayenza umkhuba, ikholelwe ukuthi iyindlela yokuziphatha eyamukelekayo.
Ukubekezela nokuqapha kuyodingeka kuze kube yilapho inja ivuthwe ngokwanele ukulawula umzimba wayo ngokwanele.
Sekukonke, uLeuchen ungumlingani ofanele kuyo yomibili imindeni nabaqalayo. Ukuthanda umnikazi, imikhuba emihle nokuphendula ekuqeqeshweni kwenza lolu hlobo lube lula ukulunakekela futhi lujabulele ukuxhumana.
Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lusengavamile kakhulu futhi ukuphela kwenkinga ongaba nayo ukuyithola isendalini.
Ukunakekela
Okwenza lolu hlobo luhluke ukubukeka kwalo, okuye kwahlala kungashintshi phakathi namakhulu eminyaka. Ijazi lisikwe laba mfushane kakhulu ngemuva futhi lihlala lide ngaphambili.
Iphinde isikwe emsileni, kuphela ithiphu yayo ehlala i-shaggy. Ezinye zezinwele ezinde nazo zisele emaqakaleni. Le nqubo ithatha ikhono nesikhathi futhi idinga ukuphindwa njalo emavikini ayi-6-8.
Vele, uma ungahlanganyeli embukisweni, awukwazi ukusika inja yakho. Kepha, ukuzimela kohlobo kuzolahleka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, inja kufanele ibhulashiwe njalo ukuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwenhlabathi nemfucumfucu engubeni nokugwema imiphimbo.
Ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele kukhokhelwe ezindlebeni, emazinyweni nasemehlweni lapho uzilungisa ukuthola nokuvikela noma yiziphi izinkinga zempilo.
Ezempilo
Ngoba lolu hlobo aluvamile futhi seluhlanzwe amakhulu eminyaka, ukukhathazeka ngezempilo kuncane.
Isikhathi sokuphila sisilinganiso seminyaka eyi-12 kuye kwengu-14. Inja Encane Yebhubesi ibhekwa njengomhlobo onempilo futhi onamandla.
