I-Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog iyinhlobo yenja evela e-United States futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu njengenja yokugada. Uhlobo oluqinile kakhulu, olunemisipha olunekhanda elikhulu ne-brachycephalic snout. Ijazi leli lifushane, imvamisa imhlophe inamabala amnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, aphuzi noma ansundu. Ingenye yezinhlobo zezinja eziyivelakancane, ezinabantu abalinganiselwa kuma-200 emhlabeni jikelele.
Umlando wozalo
Umlando obhaliwe nezithombe zakuqala zinikeza ubufakazi obuqinile bokuthi izinhlobo ezinjenge-Alapakh zama-bulldogs bezikhona eMelika iminyaka engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezincane eziseningizimu. Lesi sitatimende siyiqiniso futhi ezinhlotsheni eziningi zesimanje ezihlala eMelika. Ukuthi i-Alapakh Bulldog yanamuhla ingumzimba wangempela walezi zinja kuyindaba yokuphikisana.
Ookhokho be-Alapakh Bulldog, njengezinye izinhlobo eziningi zaseMelika, babhekwa njengama-Bulldogs ase-Early American asephelile, ngaleso sikhathi ayaziwa ngamagama ahlukahlukene wesifunda. La magama afaka iSouthern White Bulldog, Old Country Bulldog, White English Bulldog. Lawa maBulldog okuqala nawo kucatshangwa ukuthi ayinzalo ye-Old English Bulldog engasekho manje; uhlobo oludume kabi ngesimo salo sasendle esidumile ngekhulu le-18 njengenja elwa nomgodi nenja yokuluma inkunzi eNgilandi.
Eyokuqala yalezi zinja kukholakala ukuthi yafika eMelika ngekhulu le-17, njengoba kuphawuliwe emlandweni woMbusi uRichard Nichols (1624-1672); owabasebenzisa njengengxenye yokuhlasela kwedolobha okuhlelekile ezinkomeni zasendle. Ekuqaleni, ukubamba nokuhola lezi zilwane ezinkulu, eziyingozi kwakudinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-bulldogs, ayeqeqeshelwe ukubamba nokubamba ikhala lenkunzi kuze kubekwe intambo entanyeni yesilwane esikhulu.
Kwakungangekhulu le-17 lapho abokufika abavela eNtshonalanga Midlands yaseNgilandi, bebalekela iMpi Yombango eNgilandi (1642-1651), bathuthela eMelika yaseMelika futhi benza iningi labahlali, beza namaBulldogs abo endawo. Ezweni labo laseNgilandi, lezi zinkunzi ezindala ezazisebenza zazisetshenziselwa ukubamba nokushayela imfuyo nokuqapha impahla yomnikazi wazo.
Lezi zimfanelo zagcinwa eluhlwini ngabokufika besigaba sabasebenzi ababesebenzisa izinja zabo ukwenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene njengokugada, ukwalusa. Yize zazingathathwa njengohlobo lweqiniso ngokwamazinga wanamuhla ngaleso sikhathi, lezi zinja zaba uhlobo lwendabuko lwaseningizimu lwe-bulldog. Ama-pedigrees awazange aqoshwe futhi izinqumo zokuzalisa zazincike ekusebenzeni kwenja ngayinye ngokwesabelo ngasinye. Lokhu kuholele ekwehlukaneni kolayini beBulldogs, njengoba bekhethwe ngokukhetha ukufeza izindima ezahlukahlukene.
Ukhokho lwe-Alapah Bulldogs lungabuyiselwa ezinhlotsheni ezine zalawa ma-Southern Bulldogs okuqala: i-Otto, iSilver Dollar, iCow Dog neCatahula. Umugqa we-Otto uvame ukukhonjwa njengokhokho wohlobo lwesimanje.
Uhlobo lwe-Otto, njengama-Bulldogs amaningi aseMelika wangaphambilini, lwaluvela ezinhlotsheni zezinja zaseningizimu-mpumalanga zezintaba ezazilethwa futhi zasetshenziswa ngabokufika abasezingeni elisebenzayo. U-Otto ekuqaleni wayengaziwa ngumphakathi jikelele ngoba ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwakukhawulelwe emasimini asezindaweni ezisemaphandleni aseningizimu lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona njengenja yokwalusa.
Njengakwezinja eziningi zensizakalo noma ezisebenzayo, inhloso eyinhloko yokuzalanisa kusenesikhathi kwakungukudala inja eyayilungele lo msebenzi. Izici ezingathandeki ezinjengobugwala, amahloni nokuzwela zacatshangelwa, ngenkathi amandla nempilo kubekwa phambili. Ngokuzalanisa ngokukhetha, ulayini we-Otto ucwengisisiwe ukuze wakhe inja yokutshala esebenza kahle. Lolu hlobo lwenja lusengatholakala ngesimo esimsulwa ezindaweni eziqhelile eningizimu yasemaphandleni.
Kwakuvela ezinhlotsheni ezine zama-bulldogs endawo kanye nesifiso seqembu elizinikele labaseningizimu ukubalondoloza lapho i-Alapakh Bulldog yazalwa khona. Abantu bahlangana babumba i-ABBA ngo-1979. Abasunguli bokuqala benhlangano kwakunguLana Lou Lane, uPete Strickland (umyeni wakhe), u-Oscar noBetty Wilkerson, uNathan noKatie Waldron, nabanye abantu abaningana ababenezinja ezivela endaweni ezungezile.
Ngokudalwa kwe-ABBA, i-studbook yavalwa. Lokhu bekusho ukuthi azikho ezinye izinja ngaphandle kwama-50 okuqala noma asevele efakwe kuhlu lwesitudiyo ezingabhaliswa noma zethulwe kulolo hlobo. Kwabikwa ukuthi ngemuva kwesikhashana, ukungezwani phakathi kwe-ABBA phakathi kukaLana Lu Lane namanye amalungu kwaqala ukukhula ngendaba ye-studbook esivaliwe, okwagcina kuholele ekutheni uLana Lu Lane ashiye i-ABBA ngo-1985.
Kukholakala ukuthi, ngaphansi kwengcindezi evela kumakhasimende akhe ukuthi akhiqize ama-bulldogs amaningi, ukukhulisa ukuthengisa kwabo kanye nemikhawulo yenzuzo, waqala ukucabanga ngolayini wakhe we-Alapakha Bulldogs ngokweqa imigqa ekhona. Lokhu, empeleni, kwakwephula ngqo izindinganiso nemikhuba ye-ABBA. Ngakho-ke, benqaba ukubhalisa imbewu yakhe entsha.
Ngemuva kokushiya kwakhe i-ABBA, uLana Lou Lane waxhumana noMnu Tom D. Stodghill we-Animal Research Foundation (ARF) ngo-1986 ukuze abhalise futhi alondoloze uhlobo “lwakhe” olungajwayelekile lwe-Alapah Bulldogs. I-ARF ngaleso sikhathi yayithathwa njengelinye lamarejista amaningi abizwa nge- "third-party" ayeprinta inzalo engenawo amaphepha nemibhalo yokubhalisela isilwane ngemali ethile. Lokhu kudale isikhala kubantu abanjengoLana Lou Lane ukuba baphambuke eklabhini yokuzalanisa futhi babhalise izinhlobo ezenziwe ngazodwana.
Njengosomabhizinisi onolwazi kakhulu, uLaura Lane Lou wayazi ukuthi impumelelo yakhe ekumaketheni nasekuthengiseni uhlobo lwakhe lweBulldog yayizoncika ekukhangiseni nakwibhalisi elaziwayo njenge-ARF ukubhalisa amaBulldogs akhe. Ukhethe i-ARF ukubhalisa; I-Dog World & Dog Fancy ukukhangisa nokuzibanga njengabaqambi balolu hlobo olusha “olungajwayelekile” lwamaBulldogs. Endandeni yokubonisa, usebenzise uMiss Jane Otterbain ukunaka lolu hlobo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ezingavamile. Waze wakhipha i-videotape, engasathengwa kuwebhusayithi ye-ARF, kanye nezinye izinto eziphrintiwe ukuthengisa inguqulo yakhe ye-Alapakh Bulldog kulabo abangase babe ngabathengi.
UNks Lane uwasebenzise kahle amandla abezindaba kangangokuthi umphakathi uwonke ukholelwe ngokweqiniso ukuthi nguyena owadala lolu hlobo. Konke lokhu kuzwakala kubonakala sengathi kwenziwe ngenhloso yokuqhubeka nokuqinisa isikhundla sakhe phakathi kwabathengi abangaba umakhi wohlanga, ngenkathi efihla iqiniso. Uma iqiniso ngokuphila kwakhe kwangaphambilini livela obala, noma iqiniso lokuthi wathenga izinja komunye umuntu, isimangalo sakhe njengomdali sizosuswa ngokushesha. Noma yiluphi udumo oluhlotshaniswa nesihloko esithi "umdali wohlobo lwe-Alapakha" luye lwanyamalala futhi ukuthengiswa kohlobo lwakhe ngokungangabazeki kuzoncipha, kunciphise inzuzo yakhe.
Sonke lesi sikhathi, i-ABBA iqhubekile nokuqhuba ibhizinisi layo njengenjwayelo, izala nolayini wayo weBulldogs encwadini yayo evaliwe, yize ingatholangahlonishwa kangako ngeqhaza layo ekusimameni kohlobo. Le migqa emibili ehlukene ye-Alapakh Bulldog idale ama-akhawunti aphikisanayo wokukhula kokuqala kohlobo.
Kodwa-ke, la mahlazo awenzanga lolu hlobo luthandwe futhi kukholakala ukuthi namuhla kukhona abamele abayi-150-200 balolu hlobo emhlabeni. Okwenza ukuthi kube okungajwayelekile emhlabeni.
Incazelo
Ngokuvamile, i-Alapakh Bulldog ingachazwa njengenja eyakhiwe ngokuqinile, ezemidlalo, inja enamandla ngosayizi ophakathi, ngaphandle kwesisindo eseqile esiyisici solunye uhlobo lweBulldogs. Kulula ukuhamba, futhi ekwenzeni imisebenzi yakhe kuhamba ngamandla nangokuzimisela, enikeza umbono wamandla amakhulu ngosayizi wakhe. Naphezu kokuqina kwakhe kwemisipha, akaqinile, akaqinile noma unemibalabala ngokubukeka. Owesilisa uvame ukuba mkhulu, esinda emathanjeni, mkhulu kakhulu kunowesifazane.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula kwayo, ezinye izinhlobo zafakwa kulayini, njenge-Old English Bulldog engasekho kanye nohlobo olulodwa noma ngaphezulu lwendawo. Njengeningi lezinja abesebenza nazo, wazalelwa ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe, hhayi ukubukeka okujwayelekile.
Okubhekwe kakhulu ezinqumweni zokuzalela ukuthi inja ibinosayizi namandla adingekayo okuphatha imfuyo emikhulu, eqinile, nokuthi ibinejubane nekhono lezemidlalo elidingekayo ukuxosha, ukubamba nokubamba izingulube zasendle. I-bulldog esebenza kahle kakhulu; unekhanda eliyisikwele, isifuba esibanzi nomlomo ovelele.
Ngenxa yamazinga ahlukene ashicilelwe ezinhlangano ezintathu ezinkulu, eziziveza njengezinga elisemthethweni lokuzala; kungaba kungalungile ukubhala ukuhumusha kwakho kube yizinga elihlangene elifingqa imibono yabo bonke. Ngakho-ke, amazinga wokushicilela ahlanganisiwe alezi zinhlangano kufanele afundwe ngumfundi uqobo. Ungabathola kwi-Intanethi.
Izifinyezo zenhlangano ngayinye: I-ARC - Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Ngezilwane, i-ARF - Animal Research Foundation, ABBA - Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog Association.
Uhlamvu
Yinzalo yenja ehlakaniphile, eqeqeshwe kahle, elalelayo futhi enakile. I-Alapakh Bulldog ibuye ibe ngumqaphi nomvikeli wekhaya othembeke ngokweqile, ozolwela kuze kube sekufeni ukuvikela abanikazi bayo nempahla yabo.
Yize zingakhuliswanga ngokukhethekile ubudlova, zivame nokuziphatha kahle futhi zilalele. Waziwa njengenja enhle futhi ezwelayo enenhliziyo enkulu, lolu hlobo luyaziwa futhi ukuthi luhlalisana kahle nezingane. Bakhombisa ikhono langempela lokuhlukanisa izingane ezincane kwabadala, ukudlala nokwenza ngendlela efanele.
Amandla akhe emvelo nekhono lezemidlalo kusho nokuthi angadlala amahora amaningi.
Njengomhlobo osebenzayo nomvikeli, ikhombisa izinga elithile lokuzimela nenkani, okuyinto engamangalisi neze. Ngakho-ke, akuyona inketho enhle kubanikazi bezinja abangenalwazi noma abantu abangakwazi ukuzibamba njengabaholi bamaphakethe.
Lolu hlobo luqala ukusungula insimu yalo nendima yalo epakethe kusukela zisencane kakhulu. Yize iqeqeshwa kakhulu futhi ihlakaniphile, inhloso ephelele yokuqeqeshwa kufanele kube ukudala ubudlelwano obuphansi obuhlinzeka ngozinzo ngokuvumela inja ukuthi yazi indawo yayo esigungwini somndeni. Kuyaziwa ukuthi amaBulldogs aqondiswa futhi aqeqeshwa kusukela esemncane aphakeme kakhulu ekulaleleni.
Kulula ukuziqeqesha futhi, lapho ziqeqeshwe kahle, zivame ukuhamba kahle nge-leash.
Ukuziphatha kothando kohlobo kanye nesifiso sokuba ngumngane womndeni ozinikele kusho ukuthi abenzi kahle ezimweni zokuba nesizungu isikhathi eside lapho bebiyelwe emndenini wabo.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi ezifuna ubudlelwano obusondelene njengelungu lomndeni, isizungu isikhathi eside siyayicindezela inja. Lokhu nakho kungakhungathekisa, kuzibonakalise ngezindlela eziningi ezingezinhle, njengokukhonkotha, ukuhewula, ukumba, ukukhathazeka ngokweqile, noma ukuhlukunyezwa okungalawulwa kwendawo. Lolu wuhlobo okufanele, ngenxa yokuzinikela kwalo emndenini, lube yingxenye yalowo mndeni. Lesi akusona isizalo esingamane sishiywe ngaphandle futhi singanakwa, kucatshangwa ukuthi sizovikela ngokuzimela impahla ngokungenelela okuncane komuntu.
Ukuxhumana nabantu kusenesikhathi kufanele uma ufuna ukwethula ezinye izinja endlini. Ngokwezemvelo, angasebenza ngolaka ezinjeni ezilingana noma zobulili obufanayo, yize izinja zobulili obuhlukile zivame ukuzwana kakhulu.
Noma yikuphi ukwethulwa kwezinja ezindala kufanele kubhekwe ngeso lokhozi ukuvimbela izimpi njengoba inja ngayinye izama ukuthola indima yayo esigabeni sabaphathi. Ukulwela indawo ephaketheni kungancishiswa kakhulu uma umnikazi kungumholi ongenakuphikiswa wepakethe futhi i-alpha ifundisa izinja ezingaphansi ukwenza i-pack order ngaphandle kokulwa.
Njengomdlandla onamandla nowokusubatha, i-Alapakh Bulldog izodinga ukuzivocavoca ngendlela yokudlala njalo nokuhamba amabanga amade ukuze ihlale ijabule futhi iphilile. Ukuhlala ezindlini, bathambekele ekuhlaleni phansi, ngakho-ke ukuhlala efulethini kungalifanele lolu hlobo olukhulu, inqobo nje uma benikezwa indawo, njengemidlalo yangaphandle eshiwo ngenhla futhi bahamba njalo.
Ukunakekela
Njengohlobo olufushane, ukuzilungisa okuncane kuyadingeka ukugcina iBulldog ibukeka kahle kakhulu. Ikama nebhulashi ukususa izinwele ezifile nokusabalalisa ngokulinganayo uwoyela wemvelo yikho konke okudingayo.
Ukugeza akufanele kwenziwe ngaphezu kwesisodwa njalo emavikini amabili, ukuze ungancishi ijazi lamafutha alo. Lolu hlobo luhlukaniswa njenge-molting ephakathi.
Ezempilo
Kubhekwa njengohlobo oluthile olunempilo oluqinile nolumelana nezifo. Ukwehliswa ngamabomu kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-bulldogs kanye nokuntuleka kokumiswa okuhambisana nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-bulldogs kusho ukuthi udaba olubanzi kakhulu lwezinkinga ezithinta ama-bulldogs jikelele kuzodingeka ukuthi kubhekwane nalo.
Okuvame kakhulu kulokhu umdlavuza wethambo, ichthyosis, isifo sezinso nesifo se-thyroid, i-hip dysplasia, i-elbow dysplasia, i-ectropion, ne-neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL). Ukukhubazeka okwengeziwe kokuzalwa kungatholakala kolayini abathile bezakhi zofuzo okungenzeka kungakhombisi uhlobo lonke.
Kuyalulekwa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthi uchithe isikhathi esanele ucwaninga ngomfuyi nomlando wezinja ngaphambi kokuthenga i-Alapakh Bulldog. Lokhu kungaqinisekisa ukuthi inja ebuyiswe ekhaya ijabule futhi inempilo, ezohlinzeka ngeminyaka yokuzinikela okungenazinkinga, uthando nokuvikela umndeni wayo.
