I-Emperor noma ama-penguin amakhulu (ama-Aptenodyte) yizinyoni zomndeni wama-penguin. Igama lesayensi lihunyushwa lisuselwa esiGrekini ngokuthi "abatshuzi abangenazimpiko". Ama-penguin aziwa emhlabeni wonke ngezimpawu zawo ezimnyama nezimhlophe nokuziphatha kwawo okuhlekisa kakhulu.
Incazelo ye-emperor penguin
Ama-Emperor penguin ahluke kakhulu kwamanye amalungu omndeni wama-penguin.... Lezi yizinyoni ezinkulu futhi ezisinda kakhulu, isici sazo ukungakwazi ukwakha izidleke, futhi ukufukamela amaqanda kwenziwa ngaphakathi kwesibaya esikhethekile esiswini esiswini.
Ukubukeka kwangaphandle
Abesilisa be-emperor penguin bayakwazi ukufinyelela kubude obungu-130 cm ngesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-35-40 kg, kepha abanye abantu banesisindo somzimba esingu-50 kg, futhi kwesinye isikhathi nangaphezulu. Ukukhula komuntu wesifazane omdala kungu-114-115 cm ngesisindo somzimba esingu-30-32 kg. Lolu hlobo lunesisindo esikhulu kunazo zonke ngenxa yesifunda se-thoracic esithuthuke kakhulu.
Izimpaphe zengxenye yomgogodla we-emperor penguin imnyama, kanti isifunda esinethambo sinombala omhlophe, okwenza inyoni ingabonakali kangako ezitheni ezisemanzini. Ngaphansi kwesifunda somlomo wesibeletho nasesihlathini, ukutholakala kombala ophuzi-olintshi kuyisici.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izimpaphe ezimnyama zephengwini omdala zishintsha zibe umbala onsundu cishe ngoNovemba, futhi zihlala zinjalo kuze kube nguFebhuwari.
Umzimba wamachwane achamiselayo umbozwe okumhlophe qwa noma okumpunga okumhlophe phansi. Isisindo sengane ezelwe singama-310-320 g aphakathi nendawo.Izimpaphe zama-emperor penguin asebekhulile ziyakwazi ukuvikela umzimba kahle ekulahlekelweni ukushisa ngaphandle koshintsho olwenzeka emzimbeni. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, indlela yokushintshaniswa kokushisa kokugeleza kwegazi, okujikeleza ezinqeni zale nyoni, kulwa nokulahleka kokushisa.
Omunye umehluko wesici phakathi kwepenguin nezinye izinyoni ubukhulu bamathambo. Uma zonke izinyoni zinamathambo esakhiwo se-tubular, esisiza amathambo futhi sikuvumela ukuba undize, ama-penguin anamathambo ngaphandle kobukhona bezikhala zangaphakathi.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamaphengwini, isikhathi sokuphila kwawo esingajwayelekile esidlula iminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu, ama-king penguin angaphila ikota yekhulu ezimeni zemvelo. Kunezimo lapho, lapho zigcinwa e-zoo, isikhathi sokuphila sabantu ngasinye seqa iminyaka engamashumi amathathu.
Ihlalaphi i-emperor penguin
Lezi zinhlobo zezinyoni zisakazeke ezindaweni ezingaphansi kuka-66 ° no-77 ° eningizimu ye-latitude. Ukwakha amakoloni okwakha izidleke, izindawo zikhethwa endaweni eseduze ne-icebergs noma ama-ice rocks, lapho ama-emperor penguin anethezeke kakhulu futhi ahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle emimoyeni enamandla noma enamandla.
Isilinganiso sabantu bezinhlobo ezithile singahluka kusuka kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-400-450, sihlukaniswe saba amakoloni amaningana.
Kuyathakazelisa!Cishe ama-emperor penguin acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezingama-300 ahlala ezintabeni zeqhwa ezizungeze i-Antarctica, kepha ngesikhathi sokukhwelana nokufukamela amaqanda, izinyoni kufanele zithuthele ziye ezweni elikhulu.
Inani elibalulekile lamabhangqa okuzalanisa atholakala eCape Washington. Le ndawo ithathwa njengenye yamaphengwini amakhulu kunawo wonke ngokwezibalo. Kukhona cishe izinkulungwane ezingama-20-25 ezizalanayo zalolu hlobo. Izinombolo ezinkulu zabantu zitholakale naseQueen Maud Land Islands, eColeman naseVictoria Islands, Taylor Glacier naseHeard Island.
Indlela yokuphila nokuziphatha
Ama-Emperor penguin agcina amakoloni, azitholela izindawo zokukhosela zemvelo, ezimelwe amawa noma ama-ice floes amakhulu. Eduze kwendawo yokuhlala, kuhlala kunezindawo ezinamanzi avulekile nokutholakala kokudla... Ukuhamba, lezi zinyoni ezingavamile zivame ukusebenzisa isisu, zilele lapho i-emperor penguin iqala khona ukusebenza hhayi ngezidladla zayo kuphela, kodwa nangamaphiko ayo.
Ukuze kufudumale, abantu abadala bayakwazi ukuhlangana ngamaqembu aminyene ngokwanele. Ngisho nokushisa okuyi-°20 ° C, ngaphakathi kweqembu elinjalo, izinga lokushisa ligcinwa ngokuqinile ku- + 35 ° C 35.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ukuqinisekisa ukulingana, ama-emperor penguin, aqoqwe ngamaqembu, ahlala eshintsha izindawo, ngakho-ke abantu abaphakathi nendawo ngezikhathi ezithile baya emaphethelweni, futhi ngokufanayo.
Le nyoni ichitha cishe izinyanga ezimbalwa ngonyaka emanzini asendaweni yamanzi. Ama-Emperor penguin anokubukeka okuziqhenyayo nokubabazekayo, okuhambisana negama, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, iyinyoni eqaphelayo, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngisho enamahloni, imizamo ephindaphindwayo yokuyikhalisa kuze kube manje ayikathweswa umqhele ngempumelelo.
Ukudla i-emperor penguin
Ama-Emperor penguin azingela, ahlangana ngamaqembu ezinombolo ezahlukahlukene. Njengomthetho, le nyoni ibhukuda ngaphakathi kwesikole sezinhlanzi, futhi ihlasela ngokushesha isisulu sayo, iyigwinye. Izinhlanzi ezincane zimuncwa ngqo emanzini, kuyilapho ama-penguin esika inyamazane enkulu esivele ikhona ngaphezulu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ama-penguin amadala nabesilisa asebekhulile bangahamba cishe amakhilomitha angama-500 ku-squeak yokudla. Abasabi amazinga okushisa aqatha ka-40-70 ° C nokusheshisa komoya kufika ku-144 km / h.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, le nyoni iyakwazi ukuhamba ngejubane elifinyelela ku-5-6 km / h noma ibhukude amabanga abalulekile. Amaphengwini angahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi imizuzu engaba yishumi nanhlanu. Iphuzu eliyinhloko lenkambiso yokuzingela umbono. Ukudla kuvezwa hhayi kuphela ngezinhlanzi, kepha futhi nangezinhlobonhlobo ze-shellfish, i-squid ne-krill.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Ama-Emperor penguin ahlala yedwa, ngakho-ke amapheya adalelwa cishe impilo yabo yonke... Ezesilisa zisebenzisa izwi elikhulu ukuheha abalingani bazo. Imidlalo yokukhwelana ihlala cishe inyanga, lapho izinyoni zihamba ndawonye, kanye nohlobo "lwemidanso" ngeminsalo ephansi ngisho nokucula okushintshanayo. Iqanda elilodwa laso sonke isikhathi sokuzala, libekwa ngemuva kwamasonto amane. Inkulu impela, futhi inobude obungu-120 mm nobubanzi obungu-8-9 mm. Isisindo seqanda elijwayelekile siyahlukahluka phakathi kwama-490-510 g. Ukubeka amaqanda kwenziwa ngoMeyi-ekuqaleni kukaJuni futhi, njengokujwayelekile, kuhambisana nokukhala okukhulu, kokujabula kowesilisa nowesifazane.
Isikhathi esithile, insikazi ibamba iqanda ezinqeni zalo, ilimboze ngesibaya esiyisikhumba esiswini sayo, kuthi ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa ilidlulisele kowesilisa. Insikazi, elambile inyanga eyodwa nohhafu, iyahamba izingele, kuthi eyeduna ifudumeze iqanda esikhwameni sezingane amasonto ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa kuyaqabukela enza ukunyakaza futhi ondle iqhwa kuphela, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi kuvela iphuphu, uyakwazi ukwehlisa ngaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu yesisindo sakhe sokuqala somzimba. Njengomthetho, insikazi ibuya ekuzingeleni maphakathi noJulayi futhi, ibona iduna layo ngezwi layo, ingene esikhundleni sayo ngokubeka amaqanda.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kwesinye isikhathi insikazi ayinaso isikhathi sokubuya ekuzingeleni iye ekuveleni kwephuphu, bese kuthi owesilisa abangele izindlala ezikhethekile ezisebenza ngamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba zibe "ubisi lwenyoni" olunosawoti, ngosizo lapho inzalo yondliwa khona.
Amachwane embozwe phansi, ngakho-ke azokwazi ukubhukuda ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuphela kamuva, ngemuva kokuthi udoli olukhulu seludlulile... Lapho inenyanga eyodwa nohhafu, ingane isivele ihlukaniswe isikhashana nabazali bayo. Imvamisa umphumela wokunganaki okunjalo kungukufa kwephuphu, elizingelwa ama-skuas kanye nama-petrel amakhulu amakhulu. Ngemuva kokulahlekelwa ngumntwana, umbhangqwana uyakwazi ukweba iphengwini lomunye umuntu bese umkhulisa njengowabo. Kuqubuka izimpi zangempela phakathi kwezihlobo nabazali abangabondli, okuvame ukuphela ngokufa kwezinyoni. Cishe ngoJanuwari, wonke ama-penguin amadala kanye nezinsizwa ziya olwandle.
Izitha zemvelo ze-emperor penguin
Ama-emperor penguin amadala yizinyoni ezinamandla futhi ezithuthukile, ngakho-ke, ezimweni zemvelo, azinazitha eziningi kakhulu.
Okuwukuphela kwezilwane ezidla lolu hlobo lwepenguin endala yimikhomo ebulalayo nezimpawu zezingwe. Futhi, amaphengwini amancane amancane namatshwele ezintabeni zeqhwa angaba yisisulu sama-skuas amadala noma ama-petrels amakhulu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Izinsongo ezinkulu kubantu benkosi yamaphengwini ukushisa komhlaba, kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwesisekelo sokudla.... Ukwehliswa kwendawo ephelele yesembozo seqhwa emhlabeni kunomthelela omubi kakhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-king penguin, kanye nezinhlanzi nama-crustaceans le nyoni edla kuwo.
Okubalulekile!Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezifundo eziningi, ezinamathuba angama-80%, inani lamaphengwini anjalo lisengozini yokwehla ngokushesha liye kuma-5% wabantu banamuhla.
Ukufunwa kokuhweba kwezinhlanzi nokubanjwa kwazo ngendlela engajwayelekile kunciphisa imithombo yokudla, ngakho-ke kuba nzima kakhulu ukuthi amaphengwini azitholele ukudla minyaka yonke. Futhi, ukuphazanyiswa okuphawulekayo kwemvelo engokwemvelo okubangelwa ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwezokuvakasha kanye nokungcoliswa okuqinile kwezindawo zokwakha izidleke nakho kuthinta kabi inani lezinyoni. Uma izinyathelo eziphuthumayo zingathathwa esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, khona-ke kungekudala kuzoba ngamabili kuphela angama-350-400 embulungeni yonke azokwazi ukuthola inzalo.
