Izinyoka zingaphansi kwe-suborder yesigaba sezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezivela ku-squamous oda, futhi ngokungafani nezibankwa ezingenamlenze, zinokuhlangana komhlathi okuhambayo, okuzivumela ukuthi zigwinye isisulu sazo sonke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umehluko wezici uhlanganisa ukungabi bikho ngokuphelele kokuhamba kwamajwabu amehlo, kanye nolwelwesi lwe-tympanic nebhande lehlombe.
Isici esiyinhloko
Akunandaba ukuthi zinhloboni, umzimba wonke wenyoka umbozwe ngesikhumba esomile esine-scaly.... Izinhlobo eziningi zinesikhumba esikhethekile esiswini, esithuthukisa ukudonsa futhi senze ukuhamba kube lula kakhulu. Ukushintsha kwesikhumba ngezikhathi ezithile - ukuxebuka noma ukuchitheka, kuqukethe indawo eyodwa nesendlalelo esisodwa sayo yonke i-epidermis. Ngenhloso yokuhlonza i-taxonomic, ukuma kunqunyiwe, kanye nenani lezikali ezimboza ikhanda, emuva nasesiswini senyoka.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amehlo enyoka ahlala embozwe amajwabu amehlo - izikali ezikhethekile ezisobala. Kungakho kubonakala kwabaningi ukuthi izinyoka zilala ngamehlo avulekile, okuvame ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi zimbozwe ngamasongo omzimba ohlanganisiwe.
Izinhlobo ezithuthuke kakhulu zinemivimbo ebanzi, ejwayelekile yesikali sangemuva esihambisana nama-vertebrae. Ngokungafani nezinye izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinyoka zinezitho zomzimba ezithuthuke kakhulu, ezisendaweni ye-fossa yobuso, ngqo phakathi kwamehlo nekhala. Inyoka, i-python ne-boa constrictor nayo inezamukeli ezikhethekile zezinzwa ezitholakala emiseleni yekhanda.
Ukugcina inyoka ekhaya
Kuze kube manje, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezintathu zezinyoka ziyaziwa futhi ziyafundwa, ezihlanganiswe ngemindeni eminingi kanye nemikhaya emikhulu. Kulezi, cishe ingxenye yesine imelwe yizinhlobo ezinobuthi. Inani elilinganiselwe lezinhlobo zezilwane zilungele ukugcinwa ekhaya. Izilwane ezifuywayo ezingaphandle ziheha ukunakwa nokuzola kwazo... Izinhlobo eziningi azigcini nje ngokuzithoba, kepha futhi zilawulwa kalula.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izazi ze-Zoologists zithole inyoka ezondla kuphela ngokudla kwezitshalo futhi ejwayelekile eMexico. Isici esikhethekile siwumzimba opholile nokuzola, ngenxa yokuthi le nyoka idumile kubantu baseMexico njengesilwane esifuywayo.
Lapho ukhetha, qiniseka ukuthi uzijwayeza nezici zomlingiswa nokuziphatha kwenyoka, ubukhulu obuphakathi komuntu omdala, cabanga ngamandla okubamba kanye nezinkomba zobuthi, futhi uthole nokuthandwa kokudla kohlobo.
Izinyoka zasekhaya ezaziwa kakhulu
Uma isifiso sokuba nenyoka njengesilwane sifeziwe ekugcineni, okusele ukukhetha uhlobo oluzohlangabezana nakho konke okulindelwe ngumnikazi, kufaka phakathi usayizi, ukuhamba, ukubukeka nezidingo zokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo.
Inyoka yommbila
Ilungele okuqukethwe kwasekhaya. Ihlukaniswa ngosayizi wayo omncane, ongadluli imitha elilodwa nohhafu, isifiso esilinganiselayo nohlamvu oluzolile. Umbala uhluke kakhulu, kepha abantu abanemibala ebomvu ye-burgundy kanye namabala amnyama onsundu ngemuva bavame ukutholakala. Izinhlobo ziyasebenza impela, kepha zijwayela i-terrarium ngokushesha. Ikuvumela ukuthi uzidonse ndawonye ngaphandle kokukhombisa nhlobo ubudlova.
I-Royal python
Ukuzola nokuthula okukhulu, okungajwayelekile okunobuthi obuphakathi nendawo. Uyehluka ekuhambeni kancane, kepha uma kwenzeka ingozi isonga ngokushesha ibe yibhola. Namuhla, amasilo wasebukhosini agcinwa ekuthunjweni, abonakala ngombala wesikhumba ohluke kakhulu, ngakho-ke abathandi bezinyoka bangakhetha kalula umuntu onombala okhangayo kakhulu.
Uthingo lwenkosazana
Izinhlobo zivezwa ngumthethosisekelo omncane futhi zifinyelela ebangeni lamamitha ambalwa. I-rainbow boa constrictor akunakubalwa ukuthi ihamba kancane. Izinhlobo eziningi zinelukuluku lokwazi futhi ziyindida ngohlamvu, kepha zivame ukuba nokuthula ngokweminyaka. Ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka kombala, isici esithile ubukhona bokuchichima okuthakazelisayo kobuso besikali ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga.
Imperial boa
Ngokuya ngeminyaka, ubude bale boa constrictor bungahluka kusuka kumitha kuye kwababili noma ngaphezulu, ngakho-ke ukuhlala emakamelweni amancane kungahle kuhlangane nobunzima obuthile. Isici esivelele sezinhlobo ngomsila wombala obomvu onsundu ngokubomvu. Naphezu kobukhulu bawo obubabazekayo nokubamba kwayo okunamandla, izinhlwathi zombuso ziyalingana kakhulu futhi azijwayele ukuba nolaka.
Izinyoka zasebukhosini nezobisi
Izidalwa ezincane nezincane kakhulu, ezingamelwa yizinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngosayizi nombala, kanye nezici zokuziphatha nezokuziphatha. Imvamisa, ubude bomzimba womuntu omdala abudluli imitha elilodwa, okwenza kube lula ukuwunakekela nokwenza lezi zinhlobo zithandwa kakhulu ekhaya.
Izinyoka zasekhaya eziyingozi kakhulu
Ongoti abanolwazi lwama-exotic baya ngokuya batshala izinyoka ezinobuthi ekhaya. Ngaphandle kokuthi lezi zinhlobo zigcinwa ezindaweni ezikhethekile, kunengozi enkulu yokulimala kanzima noma ukulunywa okubulalayo, ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi zonke izici zokuziphatha zezinyoka ezinjalo, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi ubheka izinga lobuthi bazo.
I-python eyenziwe kabusha
Isidlakela esikhulu esidabuka eNdiya noma eVietnam, esingaphezu kwamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye ubude. Ezimweni zasekhaya, badinga inqolobane yokufakelwa. Ziyakwazi ukuhamba ngokushesha ngokwanele ezihlahleni. Uhlobo alunabo ubuthi, kepha inyoka enkulu iyakwazi ukusonga umzimba wayo omkhulu isizungeze isisulu sayo bese iyikhama kancane ize ifike.
Inyoka yenyoka yaseRhombic
Inyoka enobuthi enkulu kunazo zonke eNyakatho Melika efinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude. Izinhlobo zithambekele ekubeni nolaka, kanti ukulunywa kungadala ukufa. Ubuthi obunamandla bubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuphuma kwegazi endaweni yokulunywa, nokuvuvukala okusheshayo. Ukuntuleka kokwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi futhi okuyikho kungadala ukufa.
Inkosi uCobra
Ubude besilwane esihuquzelayo kuvamise ukuba ngamamitha amahlanu noma ngaphezulu. Le nyoka enobuthi yinde kunazo zonke emhlabeni, isatshalaliswa eNdiya, eSouth China naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. I-king cobra idla kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka. Abantu abavikela izingane zabo bakhule baba nolaka. Ubuthi obuqukethe ama-neurotoxin bungadala ukukhubazeka ngokushesha.
Isikelemu esivamile
Inyoka endala ikhula ize ifike kwimitha, futhi ezimweni zemvelo kuvamile eningizimu yeBrazil, nasenyakatho ye-Argentina nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeParaguay. Kuhola impilo yasebusuku. Ubuthi buyingozi futhi buvame ukubulala. Umphumela wokudakwa yi-necrosis yezicubu, kanye nezinsini ezophayo kanye nemiphunga ephuma emakhaleni amaningi, ehambisana nezimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso kanye nokopha ebuchosheni.
UDaboya
Inyoka lena idabuka ezwekazini laseNdiya kanye nasemazweni angomakhelwane, ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile hhayi ezindaweni ezingamahlathi ezingatheni. Kuhola ikakhulukazi isithombe sasebusuku. Naphezu kokuhamba kancane, inyoka ingaba nolaka, futhi ngenxa yokuluma, amabhamuza nokuvuvukala, ukuhlanza, isiyezi nokuphuma okukhulu kwangaphandle. Ukuluma kuvame ukubulala.
Blue Bungarus
I-Krayt noma i-bungarus incamela ukuhlala ezimweni zemvelo eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, emasimini elayisi nasemadamu. Ifuna ukudla, inyoka izingela ebusuku. Ukulunywa kuyabulala, futhi inani lokufa lifinyelela kumaphesenti angama-50 noma ngabe kusetshenziswa ikhambi ngesikhathi esifanele. Ukufa, njengomthetho, kwenzeka kungakapheli usuku ngemuva kokulunywa.
Izinhlobo ezintathu eziyingozi kakhulu
Izinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla yimamba emnyama, i-taipan nesihlabathi i-efa. Izakhi ezinobuthi ezinamandla zobuthi zikhubaza imisipha yenhliziyo, amaphaphu kanye ne-diaphragm, zivusa ukuminyana kwesisulu, zibhubhise izicubu zemisipha futhi zivuse ukopha okukhulu. Izinga lokufa lokulunywa yilezi zinhlobo liphezulu kakhulu.
Imithetho yokugcinwa kwezindlu
Ukugcina izinyoka ekhaya, udinga ukuthenga okokusebenza okukhethekile... Okuyinhloko yi-terrarium, ivolumu yayo encike ngqo ngosayizi wesilwane esiyingqayizivele. Inyoka kufanele ihambe ngokukhululeka futhi kalula izungeze i-terrarium. Kubalulekile futhi ukuthenga imishini enganikeza inyoka ukufudumeza nokukhanyisa. Umbuso wokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-terrarium kufanele ugcinwe ku-23-28 ° C.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izinqwaba ze-Reptile zingahluka. Izinyoka zaseTropical zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngombuso wokushisa ongu-25-30 ° C. Abantu abavela ezindaweni ezishisayo nasezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa afanele kahle ibanga lokushisa elingu-20-38 ° C.
Ukushisa akufanele kuqhubeke. Ukuvimbela ukushisa kwe-exotic, ekhoneni elincane elibandayo, kodwa elomile kufanele kukhethwe ku-terrarium. Izinkomba zomswakama ngaphakathi zingafinyelela kuma-90%, okusetshenziselwa ukufafaza ngawo noma kusetshenziswe ama-humidifiers akhethekile. Imishini yokukhanyisa ngesibani se-ultraviolet kufanele ilingise ukukhanya kwelanga okukhanyayo emini. Ngemuva kokushona kwelanga, ukukhanya kungacinywa noma kushintshelwe ekukhanyeni okuncane.
Izici zokondla nokudla
Izinyoka zihluke kakhulu ngokwemikhuba yokudla. Isibonelo, izicabucabu, izinhlanzi, izinyoni namacimbi kwakha isisekelo sokudla kwenyoka eluhlaza yaseNyakatho Melika, kanti izibankwa namagundane alolu hlobo awasetshenziselwa ukudla. Isici sezinyoka zamanzi, kunalokho, ukuthanda ukudla ngendlela yezinhlanzi namaxoxo, kanye nokunganaki ngokuphelele izinambuzane namagundane.... Inyoka enemigqa ephuzi, esakazeke kakhulu eNyakatho Melika, ingeyesigaba sezinhlobo zemvelo, ngakho-ke hhayi kuphela izibungu, izinhlanzi namaxoxo, kodwa futhi noma iziphi izimpuku noma izinyoni ezingaba ukudla kwayo.
Lapho uthenga inyoka njengesilwane esifuywayo, kufanele ukhumbule ukuthi ukudla okhethekile kuphela okusetshenziselwa ukondla isilwane esihuquzelayo esidlayo. Ekuthunjweni, isisekelo sokudla kwe-exotic amagundane amancane afriziwe, aphilayo noma asanda kubulawa. Ubukhulu begundane kufanele buhambisane ngokuphelele nosayizi wenhloko yenyoka yasekhaya, enciphisa ubungozi bokucindezeleka kwesilwane ngenkathi kugwinywa ukudla. Amagundane afriziwe kumele ancibilikiswe ngaphambi kokondla inyoka.
Kuyathakazelisa!Izinyoka zendlu ezilambile zikhomba umnikazi wazo ngokusobala ukuthi sekuyisikhathi sokondla. Kulokhu, isilwane esingajwayelekile sixabana futhi sichofoze ulimi lwaso kaningi futhi ngokuzwakalayo ngokwanele.
Ukudla okuyinhloko, kanye nenani lokudla okudliwayo, kungahluka ngokuya ngohlobo nosayizi we-exotic yasekhaya. Inyoka encane enemilenze yamanga kufanele bondliwe kanye ngesonto, futhi nabantu abadala bangadlulwa kathathu ngenyanga. Izinyoka ezincane ezibunjiwe zondliwa njalo ezinsukwini ezinhlanu., futhi abantu abadala balezi zinhlobo kufanele bathole ukudla kanye ngesonto.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Ezimweni eziningi, izinhlobo ezingezona ezinobuthi zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zigcinwa ekhaya.
Izibonelo ezinobuthi zinemikhuba nokuziphatha okhetheke kakhulu kwezinhlobo, ngakho-ke, lapho uzigcina ekhaya, udinga ukunamathela emithethweni ethile:
- ukubekwa ezindaweni eziqinile nezithembekile, ezivaliwe noma amakheji, atholakala ezindaweni ezivalekile;
- igumbi lokugcina kufanele lihlukaniswe ngokuphelele, ngaphandle komoya noma okunye ukuvuleka;
- Amathuluzi okusebenza nenyoka, kanye ne-serum, kufanele abe seduze ne-terrarium;
- phambi kwenani elikhulu lezinyoka, i-terrarium ngayinye kufanele imakwe ngezimpawu ezikhethekile ezibonisa uhlobo.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto, akuvunyelwe ngokuphelele ukuthatha izinyoka ezinobuthi ngezandla, usebenza nezinyoka udakiwe noma udle izidakamizwa. Awukwazi ukubandakanya abantu abangenalwazi emsebenzini wokunakekela izinyoka ezinobuthi.
Ukuthenga amathiphu namasu
Ukugcina ekhaya, inyoka ithengwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezikhethekile., lapho kutholakala khona ama-exotic azalelwe ekuthunjweni, asevele ejwayele ukugcinwa ku-terrarium, ekubekezelela kalula ukukhanya kokufakelwa nokudla okujwayelekile. Isikhathi sokuphila senyoka ekuthunjweni yiminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu. Izimbila ziyakwazi ukuhlala ekhaya isikhathi esingaphezu kweminyaka engamashumi amabili. Izindleko zokungajwayelekile zixhomeke ezinhlotsheni nakubudala, ngakho-ke ziyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziningana kuya kumashumi namakhulu ezinkulungwane zama-ruble.
