Amahlathi ahlanganisiwe ayindawo yemvelo ephawuleka ngesimo sezulu esipholile. Izihlahla ezibanzi nezinamakhaza zikhula lapha ngasikhathi sinye, yingakho ihlathi linaleli gama. Indawo yalolu hlobo lwamahlathi emhlabeni:
- I-Nyakatfo Melika - Enyakatfo ye-USA, iNingizimu yeCanada;
- I-Eurasia - eCarpathians, eningizimu yeScandinavia, eMpumalanga Ekude, eSiberia, eCaucasus, ingxenye yesulfure yeziqhingi zaseJapan;
- I-South America;
- INew Zealand iyingxenye yalezi ziqhingi.
Enyakatho yamahlathi e-coniferous-deciduous kukhona i-taiga. Eningizimu, ihlathi elixubekile liphenduka amahlathi ahlaselayo noma amahlathi asemahlathini.
Izimo zezulu
Indawo yemvelo yamahlathi ahlanganisiwe ibonakala ngokushintsha okucacile kwezinkathi zonyaka. Umhlaba wezitshalo nezilwane lapha uguqulelwe iqhwa nokushisa. Izinga lokushisa ebusika elijwayelekile lingu- - 16 degrees Celsius, kanti lesi sibalo singahle sehle sibe ngu- -30 degrees. Isikhathi esibandayo sinesikhathi esimaphakathi. Ihlobo kule ndawo lifudumele, izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile liyahluka kusuka ku- + 16 kuye +24 degrees. Ayikho imvula eningi ewela lapha ngaphezu konyaka, cishe ngamamilimitha angama-500-700.
Izinhlobo zezimbali
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezakha ihlathi lamahlathi ahlanganisiwe:
- isihlahla se-okhi;
- imephu;
- Iphayini;
- ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi.
Emahlathini kukhona iminyezane nomlotha wezintaba, i-alder ne-birch. Izihlahla eziqothulayo zichitha amaqabunga ekwindla. IConifers ihlala iluhlaza unyaka wonke. Okuwukuphela kokuhlukile yi-larch.
Emahlathini aseYurophu axubekile, ngaphezu kwezinhlobo eziyinhloko ezakha amahlathi, kukhula ama-elms, ama-lindens, izihlahla zomlotha, kanye nezihlahla zama-apula. Phakathi kwezihlahlana, i-viburnum ne-honeysuckle, i-hazel ne-euonymus enesibindi kutholakala. ECaucasus, ngaphandle kwezinhlobo ezisohlwini, i-beech ne-fir zisakhula.
IMpumalanga Ekude ibonakaliswa ngesihlahla sonwele sase-Ayan nesi-oki saseMongolia, umgqumo ophelele kanye nomlotha weManchurian, i-Amur velvet nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo. ENingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, emahlathini e-coniferous kukhona i-yew, i-larch, i-birch, i-hemlock, kanye ne-undergrowth - izihlahla ze-lilac, jasmine ne-rhododendron.
INyakatho Melika icebile ngezinhlobo zezitshalo ezilandelayo:
- sequoia;
- ushukela maple;
- Uphayini we-Weymouth;
- umuthi webhalsamu;
- uphayini ophuzi;
- entshonalanga hemlock;
- i-bicolor oki.
Amahlathi ahlanganisiwe ayindawo yemvelo ethakazelisa kakhulu emelwe yizinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinto eziphilayo. Amahlathi alolu hlobo asabalele cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi nakwezinye iziqhingi ezisendaweni epholile. Ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo zitholakala kuwo wonke amahlathi axubekile, kanti ezinye ziyisici semvelo ethile kuphela.
