Ngaphandle kokuthi i-Arctic isenyakatho futhi ibandakanyeka kakhulu emisebenzini yocwaningo, kunezinkinga ezithile zemvelo. Lokhu kungukungcola kwemvelo kanye nokuzingela ngokungemthetho, ukuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi kanye nezimayini. Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kuyithinta kabi imvelo.
Inkinga yokufudumala komhlaba
Ezindaweni ezibandayo ezisenyakatho zomhlaba, izinguquko zezulu zibonakala kakhulu, ngenxa yalokho ukubhujiswa kwemvelo yemvelo kwenzeka. Ngenxa yokwanda njalo kwezinga lokushisa lomoya, indawo nobukhulu beqhwa nezinguzunga zeqhwa kuyancipha. Ochwepheshe babikezela ukuthi ukumboza kweqhwa e-Arctic ehlobo kungaphela ngokuphelele ngo-2030.
Ingozi yokuncibilika kweqhwa kungenxa yemiphumela elandelayo:
- izinga lamanzi ezindaweni zamanzi liyakhula;
- iqhwa ngeke likwazi ukubonisa imisebe yelanga, okuzoholela ekushiseni okusheshayo kwezilwandle;
- izilwane ezijwayele isimo sezulu sase-Arctic zizofa;
- Amagesi abamba ukushisa afriziwe eqhweni azongena emkhathini.
Ukungcoliswa kukawoyela
Endaweni ebonakalayo neyendawo yoMhlaba - e-Arctic kukhiqizwa uwoyela, ngoba indawo enkulu kunazo zonke kawoyela negesi ikhona lapha. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa, ukukhishwa nokuthuthwa kwaleli mineral, imvelo iyalimala, okuholela emiphumeleni elandelayo:
- ukonakaliswa kwamathafa;
- Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi;
- ukungcoliswa komkhathi;
- ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Ochwepheshe bathole izindawo eziningi ezingcoliswe ngamafutha. Ezindaweni lapho kulinyazwa khona amapayipi, inhlabathi ingcolile. E-Kara, eBarents, eLaptev naseBely sea, izinga lokungcola kukawoyela lidlula okujwayelekile izikhathi ezintathu. Ngesikhathi sezimayini, izingozi kanye nokuchitheka kuketshezi kuvame ukwenzeka, okulimaza izitshalo nezilwane zemvelo yase-Arctic.
Ukungcoliswa kwezimboni
Ngaphezu kokuthi isifunda singcoliswe yimikhiqizo kawoyela, i-biosphere ingcoliswe ngezinsimbi ezisindayo, izinto eziphilayo kanye nemisebe ekhipha imisebe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimoto ezikhipha amagesi e-exhaust zinomthelela omubi.
Ngenxa yokuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwe-Arctic ngabantu abakule ngxenye yomhlaba, izinkinga eziningi zemvelo zivele, futhi kuphela okuyinhloko okuboniswe ngenhla. Inkinga ephuthuma ngokulinganayo ukwehla kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, ngoba umsebenzi we-anthropogenic uthinte ukwehla kwezindawo zezilwane nezilwane. Uma uhlobo lomsebenzi lungashintshiwe futhi kungavikelwe imvelo, i-Arctic izolahleka kubantu unomphela.
