Sekuhlolwe ukuthi ondlunkulu abakwazi ukuhlala emoyeni isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu engu-15. Uma izinyoni zingavunyelwe ukuqoshama, zizowa. Lokhu bekulokhu kwenzeka phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule e-PRC. Zibheka ondlunkulu njengezilokazane, iziphathimandla zamemezela "impi" ngazo. Izinyoni zazingenakukugwema ukuziphindiselela.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile. Bayakwazi ukuphunyuka hhayi entukuthelweni yomuntu kuphela, kepha futhi nasesithwathwa. Izinyoni zindiza amakhulu amakhilomitha ngaphandle kokuphumula. Igoli lingaseningizimu nenala yokudla nemfudumalo. Kodwa-ke, izinyoni ezifudukayo zingakwazi ukuhlala phansi.
ENgilandi kule ntwasahlobo, izinkonjane zandizela eningizimu inyanga nenyanga ngemuva kwesikhathi esijwayelekile, kanti ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zenqaba ngokuphelele ukufuduka. Isizathu ukwanda kwesilinganiso sokushisa saminyaka yonke. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, inyuke nge-1 degree. IRussia ibingakathinteki ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu. Uhla lwezinyoni ezifudukayo ezindaweni ezivulekile zasekhaya luhlala lukhona.
Isichazi samahlathi
Ididaniswe nepayipi lehlathi, i-warbler, i-warbler. I-Accentor ingenye yalezi zinyoni ezaziwa ngama-ornithologists kuphela, yize kuvamile emahlathini. Abazingeli bahlangana nezimpaphe kanyekanye nama-goldfinches kanye nokuganga.
Ukuvela kwale nyoni kungabonakali. Izimpaphe zinombala onsundu ngokumpunga. Usayizi mncane. Isisindo somzimba se-Accentor asidluli amagremu angama-25. Abantu abaningi badida inyoni nondlunkulu. Kukhona iqiniso elithile kulo. I-Accentor ingeka-oda labantu abadlulayo.
I-Accentor idla izinambuzane. Lokhu kwenza inyoni le indize iye eningizimu. Nokho, le nyoni igcina kuze kubande kakhulu bese ibuya ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kuliqiniso, iya "eceleni" ku-Accentor. Lapho ifikile, inyoni ibeka amaqanda ngokushesha. Azikho izimila okwamanje. Akunakwenzeka ukufihla ukwakhiwa kwamatshe. Amaqanda adliwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye. Amachwane achanyuselwa kuphela ku-clutch yesibili.
Ukubekezelela i-Accentor kwesimo sezulu esibandayo kuqiniswa yikhono lokushintsha ukusuka ekudleni kwamaprotheni kuye emifino. Esikhundleni sezinambuzane, le nyoni ingadla amajikijolo nembewu. Ngakho-ke, ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, ama-accentors awandizi nakancane. Izinyoni ezivela ezifundeni ezisenyakatho yezwe zigijimela eningizimu.
Bambalwa abantu abazi i-Accentor, ibukeka kakhulu njengondlunkulu, futhi ivame ukudideka nenyoni ejwayelekile
Ukuhlanganiswa komhlanga
Ngaphandle, ibukeka futhi njengondlunkulu futhi ingeyokulandelana kwabantu abadlulayo. Le nyoni incamela ukuhlala emahlathini asezindaweni eziseningizimu neRussia. Kuzo, i-oatmeal ifuna amahlathi aminyene, umhlanga. Zisebenza njengendawo ethembekile yokufihla inyoni.
Banquma ukuhlala eRussia ebusika ngokuhlela isidleke eduze kwepulazi. Emapulazini angasese, ungazuza ngokusanhlamvu unyaka wonke. Izinyoni ezidlulayo zithanda i-oats. Kungakho igama lezinyoni.
KU-IN izinyoni ezifudukayo "okuqoshiwe »ukuntshontshwa kwehlathi kusuka ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esibi. Ukusuka lapho, izinyoni zithutheleka ziye entshonalanga yeYurophu noma eMedithera.
I-Wren
Yinyoni encane enezwi elihlabayo. Umzimba ongamasentimitha ayi-10 no-12 gram uqukethe amandla omculi we-opera. Ama-trren we-Wren alandela kuphela ama-nightingales.
Lalela ukucula kwe-wren
I-bird wren ibizwa ngegama lokukhetha izindawo zokukhosela. Ziba yizihlahlana zotshani. Lezi kungaba yimifern, umhlanga, noma izimbabazane.
I-wren ine-subspecies eziningana. Yizindiza zaseMelika. Izinyoni zaseRussia zisuswa emakhaya abo eminyakeni elambile futhi ebanda ngokweqile.
Le nyoni ithanda ukuhlala ezihlahleni zembabazane, yingakho igama layo lithi wren
Qeda
Ngobude obungamasentimitha ayi-16, inyoni inesisindo esingaba ngamagremu angama-25. Ngakho-ke, izimpaphe ze-finch zincane, kepha kufanelekile ukuzifuna. Okhokho bethu babecabanga kanjalo. Bakhethe izimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza njengezintelezi zeziko.
Inyoni ibuye ibe nopende we-beige-orange kuyo. Izimpaphe zebele le-finch "zigcwala" ngalo. Kunamabala amnyama ekhanda, ezimpikweni nasemsileni.
Kunemigqa emhlophe emaphikweni enyoni. Lesi isici esivelele sezintaka. Bangaphezu kuka-400 babo emhlabeni. ERussia, le nyoni ibhekwa njengenye yezinto ezivame kakhulu. Izintaka zindizela e-Afrika ebusika. Izinyoni zithatha uhambo ngemihlambi emincane.
Izinyoni ezifudukayo ziyandiza okwezibungu, amabhungane, izibungu, izimpukane. Kukhona izinambuzane kuphela kwimenyu ye-ptah. Yiqiniso, izintaka ngokwazo zisengozini. Le nyoni ivame ukuba yizisulu zezilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye ngenxa yokungaziphathi kahle ngenkathi icula. Zikhipha ama-trill, izintaka ziphonsa emuva amakhanda azo, ziyeke ukugcina engqondweni okwenzekayo nxazonke.
Lalela ukucula kwe-chaffinch
IChaffinch ivame ukuba yizisulu zezilwane ezidla ezinye ngesikhathi sokucula, ngoba iphazamiseke kakhulu futhi iphonsa ikhanda layo emuva
I-oriole ejwayelekile
Ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba wayo iphuzi, kanti izimpiko, umsila kanye nengxenye engemuva kumnyama. Kunezinhlobo ezinesifihla-buso esimnyama nomsila okhanyayo. Laba bahlala e-Afrika. Ama-orioles aseRussia andizela lapho kuphela ebusika. Ezingxenyeni ezineqhwa, izinyoni zintula izibungu, ojekamanzi, izimvemvane nezinye izinambuzane. Ziyisisekelo sokudla kwase-Oriole.
Amagama ezinyoni ezifudukayo, njengoba ubona, kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezici zangaphandle noma zokudla, indlela yokuphila. Inketho yokugcina ifanele ama-orioles. Zivame ukuhlala ezihlahleni zeminyezane osebeni lwamanzi.
Kodwa-ke, izazi zezilimi nezazi-mlando zihlobanisa igama lale nyoni negama elithi "umswakama". AmaSlavs asendulo abheka i-oriole njengesibikezelo semvula.
I-Oriole ibhekwa njengesibikezelo semvula
I-Crane
Kuvele ngaphambi kwezinyoni eziningi. Umndeni wama-cranes uneminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-60 ubudala. Abamele izinhlobo eziyi-15 basinda ngekhulu lama-21.
Ama-Cranes ahlala eduze kwamaxhaphozi nezinsimu ezilinywa ngabantu. Ekugcineni, izinyoni zidla okusanhlamvu nembewu, kuthi emachibini zithole amaselesele, izinhlanzi, ziphuze.
ENingizimu imihlambi yezinyoni ezifudukayo phuthuma, ziklelise emgqeni. Iqondiswa ngama-cranes anamandla kakhulu. Ukushaywa kwamaphiko abo anamandla kwakha ubuciko obusha obusiza ukuba buthakathaka, izinhlobo ezincane zindiza.
I-Field lark
Ipendiwe ngamathoni ansundu, ansundu, ampunga, aphuzi. Le mibala isiza ukuba ukhonkolo ulahleke phakathi kwezinkambu ezihlala kulo. Lapha, ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ama-lark ahlomisa izidleke ngotshani namagatsha amancane.
AmaLark, angabonakali ngenxa yombala wawo wokufihla, nawo awabonakali ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba wezinyoni kuyaqabukela budlula amasentimitha angama-25. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-lark inezwi elicacile, elikhulu, nelimnandi. Ukhaphela ukuthi kunenyoni efudukayo kwenye indawo eseduze.
Ukucula lark
AmaLark aya ezifundeni ezifudumele ekuqaleni kwekwindla, abuye ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukungabekezelelani kwezinyoni ngisho nasekupholeni, ngisho nasemakhazeni.
Ukugwinya
Izidleke zezinhlobo zasemadolobheni, zasendle nezasogwini eRussia. Konke ukufuduka. Izinyoni ekwindla bahamba amakhilomitha ayi-9,000-12,000 ukusuka emakhaya abo. Phakathi kwabantu abadlulayo, okubandakanya izinkonjane, lezi izindiza ezinde kakhulu.
Endizeni, izinkonjane ziyakwazi ukudla izimpukane, ukulala ngisho nokuphuza. Okwamuva, umuntu kufanele ehle phezu kwezindikimba zamanzi, akhiphe umswakama ngejubane lombani ngemilomo.
Kuwo wonke umlando wabo, izinkonjane seziyizimpawu zethemba, ukukhanya kanye nezimpawu zamazwe, isibonelo, i-Estonia. Leli lizwe likhiphe uhlamvu lweplathinamu olunamahlelo ama-kroon ayi-100. Izinkonjane ezintathu zikhonjiswe ebhange. Bathatha igatsha ngezidladla zabo. Izinyoni ezimbili zihlala ngokuthula, kanti eyesithathu yandlala izimpiko zayo.
I-Cuckoo
Umbuzo "cuckoo, kufanele ngiphile isikhathi esingakanani" ebusika awubalulekile. Le nyoni indizela eningizimu ye-Afrika. Ngendlela, kupheka abesilisa kuphela. Izinsikazi zezinhlobo zikhipha imisindo ephansi kakhulu engatholakali endlebeni yomuntu.
Ngokuya ngobudlelwano bomshado, ama-cuckoos ayedwa. Izinyoni zishintsha abalingani. Eyeduna, ngokwesibonelo, iyakwazi ukuvundisa amakhokho angama-5-6 ngosuku. Labo balungiselela ukukhwelana ngendlela eyinqayizivele, bekhetha indawo enenqwaba yezidleke zezinye izinyoni. Kuzo, onogwaja baphonsa amaqanda abo futhi baphinde baye ukufuna umlingani.
Lalela izwi likakhokho ojwayelekile
UKlintukh
Kungenxa yokuhleleka kwamajuba futhi ngaphandle kuhluke kakhulu kumajuba asedolobheni. Kodwa-ke, uKlintuh uhlala emahlathini amancane, hhayi emahlathini ezimboni. Le enezimpiko ihlala ezinyaweni zezihlahla ezinkulu. Ngakho-ke, ukukhula okuncane kwezihlahla ze-oki akuhambelani nejuba. Le nyoni ifuna amahlathi aneziqu ezinamandla.
Isidleke seClintuchs emigodini. Amaqanda abekwa lapho efika evela emaphethelweni afudumele. Ukungabekezelelani okubandayo kungenye umehluko kumajuba ajwayelekile.
IKlintukha ingadideka nejuba ngenxa yokufana kwalo okuqinile nalo
Izinkuni
Lolu uhlobo lwe-sandpiper. Ihluke emiqandeni yayo ngamehlo ayo amakhulu, "aguqulwe" emuva kwekhanda. Umlomo omude nawo ugqamile. Ingenalutho ngaphakathi, ngakho-ke kulula kunendlela ebukeka ngayo.
Inkuni lidinga uqhwaku olude ukubamba izikelemu, izinambuzane, amasele kanye nama-molluscs. Inyoni iyazikhipha emhlabathini, i-silt. Ifuna ukudla, le nyoni ichitha isikhathi sayo esiningi isemhlabathini.
I-sandpiper inombala we-variegated, kepha ngemibala yemvelo. UBrown ubusa kakhulu. Ngenxa yezimpaphe, i-woodcock ifihlakala kalula ngemuva kwesizinda sezihlahla namasimu. Phakathi kwalabo abafuna ukuzuza nge-sandpiper kukhona umuntu. I-woodcock inenyama yokudla, emnandi.
Ngesikhathi sengxoxo ngezinyoni ezifudukayo i-woodcock ishiwo ngokufanele. NgoSepthemba, zonke izinyoni zabantu zishiya izindawo ezivulekile zaseRussia. Ama-sandpipers abuya maphakathi no-Ephreli.
Ngenxa yombala we-variegated, i-woodcock ifihlwe ngokuphelele ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi
Thayi
Inyoni encane enesifuba esimhlophe ne-beige emuva ihamba emabhishi anesihlabathi eduze nemizimba yamanzi. Uqhwaku lwale nyoni luwolintshi ngethiphu emnyama. Kubamba uthayi endaweni esogwini ukuthola izikelemu, izimvuvu, izibungu zebhungane.
Ngobude bomzimba obungamasentimitha angama-20, uthayi unesisindo esingu-40-80 amagremu. Ungahlangana nenyoni emathafeni nasehlathini laseRussia. Ekwindla, ama-neckties athunyelwa eningizimu ye-Asia, eMelika noma e-Afrika.
Isikhukhukazi esimpunga
Le nyoni inkulu, ifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-95. Isisindo sesilwane singama-1.5-2 kilograms. Inyoni iyavikeleka njengoba inani labantu lincipha. ERussia, izindwandwe zeRed Book azife kangako ezandleni zabazingeli, kepha zibulawa amakhaza.
Abantu abaningi baba sengozini yokuhlala ezweni ebusika. Iminyaka yeqhwa elincane, izindwandwe ezimpunga zisinda kalula. Ngokuqondene nobusika obuneqhwa obunemikhumbi emikhulu yeqhwa, izinyoni ngokuvamile azikwazi "ukuwina".
Yiziphi izinyoni ezifudukayo kusuka ezindlekeni, futhi yiziphi ezingekho, kunzima ukukuqonda. Umuntu oyedwa ofanayo angahlala eRussia unyaka owodwa bese eyishiya ngomunye unyaka. Izinyoni ziya e-Afrika, oGwadule iSahara.
Izinduna ezimpunga zinamahloni. Zibona ingozi, izinyoni ziyasuka. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindwandwe zivame ukushiya amachwane azo zizenzele zona. I-wren, ngokwesibonelo, izenza sengathi ilimele kanti, engozini yayo kanye nasengozini yayo, ithwala izidumbu nayo, ivikela inzalo.
URyabinnik
Le yithrush. Le nyoni iyasebenza, ibonakala ifuthelana, iphindaphinda njalo i- "chak, chak, chak". Umsindo wesici unikezwa yinkambu yensimu. Imvamisa, i-din idalwa ngamazwi amaningi. Izinyoni ngazimbili zihlala eceleni komunye nomunye. Kujwayele ukuthi kube nemindeni engama-30-40 yensimu ekoloni.
Lalela ukuculwa kwensimu
Izinyoni zihlala emaphoyiseni nasemapaki. Cishe uhhafu wabantu abasinda ebusika eRussia, bezulazula befuna ukudla ezindaweni ngezindawo. Enye ingxenye yetrush ithuthela e-Asia Minor nasenyakatho ne-Afrika.
Abasebenza emasimini bakhiqize indlela eyehlukile yokuzivikela ezitheni. Izinyoni zifutha ngobulongwe bazo. Ama-thrushes enza lokhu, isibonelo, ngamagwababa. Idili lokugcina kuzo zombili insimu kanye namaqanda alo.
I-Redstart
Yinyoni edlulayo enomsila obomvu. Ukugqama kwalo kukhumbuza amalangabi. Kuma-redstarts amancane, noma kunjalo, umbala awunasisekelo. Kukhanya unyaka owodwa nohhafu.
Ezinhlotsheni eziyi-14 zika-gorihvostok Nigella uhlala eRussia. Ngaphandle komsila, inezimpaphe ezimnyama. Ukusuka eningizimu, abesilisa bangabokuqala ukubuyela eRussia ukuze bakhe izidleke. Izinyoni zihlala ezihlahleni, emigodini, emagatsheni ezihlahla. Lapho izindlu sezilungile, kufika izinsikazi nezinyoni ezincane. Njengomthetho, lokhu kungukuqala kukaMeyi.
Ama-redstarts adla izinambuzane ezincane. Lapho uqhwaku lukhululekile, izinyoni ziyacula. Izinyoni zibonakala zikwenza lokhu zingaphezi. URedstarts ukwazile ukuheha ukunaka ngokucula kwabo nangemibala yabo. Ngo-2015, lolu hlobo lwamenyezelwa njengenyoni yonyaka.
Lalela izwi le-redstart
Esithombeni, inyoni eqala kabusha
UWarbler
Inyoni eminyene efinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-11 ubude. Kunezinhlobo ezi-3 ezihlala eRussia. Bahlala yonke indawo ngaphandle kwaseMpumalanga Ekude naseYakutia. Kwezinye izindawo, ama-chiffchaffs akha izidleke zamaqhugwane.
Ama-warblers anezwi elimnandi lezwi. Abesilisa bathanda kakhulu ukucula ngesikhathi sokuzalisa. Ama-trill ahlanganiswe nomlozi. Ungabalalela ekhaya. Amapensela kulula ukuwathambisa. Ekuthunjweni, izinyoni zihlala kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12. Ngokwemvelo, iminyaka ye-ptah yiminyaka engu-2-3.
Lalela izwi le-warbler
Ngaphandle kokufuywa, i-warbler indizela eningizimu maphakathi no-Septhemba. Izinyoni zibuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
UDeryaba
Kusho i-thrush. Izinhlobo zibizwa nangokuthi i-grey enkulu. Akubona bonke abantu abalekela eningizimu. Labo ababezibeka engcupheni yokuhlala ebusika basuka ekudleni kwamaprotheni okuyizibungu nezinambuzane baya kumajikijolo afriziwe.
UDeryaba unamahloni. Ngakho-ke, kunzima ukubona inyoni endalweni, noma ngabe inezimpaphe nobukhulu bejuba. Uyena omkhulu emndenini wakhe.
I-thrush kaMiser
UNightingale
Izingoma ze-nightingale zihanjiswa emahlathini lapho zimbozwe ngamaqabunga. Ngaphambi kokuvela kohlaza, izinyoni azikhiphi ama-trill, yize zifika eRussia phambilini. Njengomthetho, izinyoni zibuya ezinsukwini eziyi-6-7 ngaphambi kosuku lwemvelo.
Lalela ama-trill we-nightingale
Uthando lwe-nightingale lukhonjiswa ezinganekwaneni zabantu, izikhumbuzo kanye neminyuziyamu enikelwe kule nyoni. E-Kursk, isibonelo, kukhona ukuchazwa "Kursk Nightingale". Lesi sigcinamagugu siqukethe imisebenzi yezandla enesithombe sezimpaphe, izincwadi ezikhuluma ngaye. Ezincwadini ungafunda ukuthi isidleke se-nightingales esiseduze kwamanzi ezihlahleni ezihlahleni noma ezitheni.
Ama-Nightingales adla kuphela izinambuzane zasemasimini nasemahlathini. Amacimbi namabhungane angena esiswini sezinyoni. Izinyoni eziculayo azikulungele ukushintshela ukutshala ukudla, ngakho ekwindla zigijimela emazweni afudumele.
Sekukonke, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-60 zezinyoni ezifudukayo zihlala eRussia. Eziningi zazo zingama-subspecies enyoni eyodwa, njengasendabeni ye-warbler. Zilungiselela ukuhamba, izinyoni zizikhosela endaweni yokulahla. Udinga ukugcina amandla, ngoba akwenzeki njalo ukuziqabula emgwaqweni.
Ngobunzima obusendleleni nokulungiselelwa okuncane, imihlambi efudukayo ingafa. Ngakho-ke, izinkulungwane zezinkonjane azibuyeli ezweni lakubo minyaka yonke. Njengoba banyamalala endleleni, bahlala njalo uphawu lwesibindi, isifiso sokufunda ama-horizons amasha noma ngabe kunjani.
