I-Australia itholakala eningizimu yezwe. Ukucaca kwaleli lizwe kuxhomeke ekutheni umbuso owodwa uhlala izwekazi lonke. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wezomnotho, abantu bazi cishe i-65% yezwekazi, ngokungangabazeki okuholele ekuguqulweni kwemvelo, ukwehliswa kwezindawo zezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane.
Inkinga yokucekelwa phansi kwenhlabathi
Ngenxa yentuthuko yezimboni, ukuhlanzwa komhlaba kwamasimu namadlelo emfuyo, ukwehla kwenhlabathi kwenzeka:
- ukwenza usawoti enhlabathini;
- ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi;
- ukuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo;
- ukwenziwa ihlane.
Ngenxa yemisebenzi yezolimo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamanzi asezingeni eliphansi, inhlabathi igcwele umanyolo wezinto ezimbiwa phansi nezinto. Ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi nemililo yehlathi, izindawo ezihlelwe ngendlela engafanele zokulusa izilwane, ubuqotho bezimila nokwembozwa kwenhlabathi kuyaphulwa. Isomiso sivamile e-Australia. Okungezwe kulokhu ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke. Zonke lezi zizathu ziholela ekubeni ihlane. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ingxenye yezwekazi selivele limbozwe izingwadule kanye nezingwadule, kepha ukugwaduleka kuyenzeka nasemazweni avundile, agcina esenciphile futhi angahlali.
Inkinga yokuqedwa kwamahlathi
Njengakwezinye izindawo ezinamahlathi, i-Australia inenkinga yokongiwa kwamahlathi. Ogwini olusempumalanga yaleli zwekazi kunamahlathi emvula, nokuyindawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba kusukela ngo-1986. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, inani elikhulu lezihlahla lanqunywa, elisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, izakhiwo, izimboni kanye nempilo yansuku zonke. Manje abantu bazama ukugcina amahlathi ase-Australia, futhi inani elikhulu leziqiwi zemvelo lihlelwe lapha.
Izinkinga zomdabu
Ngenxa yokwehliswa kwemvelo nokuqothulwa kwabomdabu ngamabomu okuhola indlela yesiko yokuphila yamakholoni, inani labantu bomdabu lehle lafinyelela ezingeni elibucayi. Izinga labo lokuphila lihlala lifiseleka kakhulu, kepha ngekhulu lamashumi amabili amalungelo abo babelwa wona. Manje isibalo sabo singeqi ku-2.7% wabantu sebonke ezweni.
Ngakho-ke, kunezinkinga eziningi zemvelo e-Australia. Iningi lazo lidalwa umsebenzi we-anthropogenic, kepha isimo semvelo sithonywe nayizinkinga zemvelo zomhlaba. Ukugcina imvelo kanye nokuhlukahluka kwezinto eziphilayo, ukugwema ukubhujiswa kwemvelo, kuyadingeka ukuthi kuguqulwe umnotho futhi kusetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe obusha obuphephile.
