EBelarus, isimo semvelo asinzima kangako njengakwamanye amazwe omhlaba, ngoba umnotho lapha ukhula ngokulinganayo futhi awunawo umthelela omubi kakhulu emvelweni. Kodwa-ke, kusenezinkinga ezithile ngesimo sezinto eziphilayo ezweni.
Izinkinga zemvelo zaseBelarus
Inkinga yokungcola kwemisebe
Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo ezweni ukungcola okukhipha imisebe, okuhlanganisa indawo enkulu. Lezi yizindawo ezinabantu abaningi, indawo yamahlathi nomhlaba wezolimo. Kuthathwa izinyathelo ezahlukahlukene ukunciphisa ukungcola, njengokuqapha isimo samanzi, ukudla nezinkuni. Ezinye izikhungo zezenhlalakahle zingcoliswa futhi izindawo ezingcolisiwe ziyalungiswa. Ukulahlwa kwezinto ezinemisebe kanye nodoti nakho kuyenziwa.
Inkinga yokungcola komoya
Amagesi okukhipha avela ezimotweni nasekukhishweni kwezimboni afaka isandla ekungcolisweni komoya okukhulu. Ngawo-2000, kube nokwanda komkhiqizo nokwanda kokukhishwa, kepha muva nje, njengoba umnotho ukhula, inani lokukhishwa okuyingozi belinciphile.
Ngokuvamile, izinhlanganisela nezinto ezilandelayo zikhishelwa emkhathini:
- isikhutha;
- ama-carbon oxides;
- i-formaldehyde;
- i-nitrogen dioxide;
- ama-hydrocarbon;
- i-ammonia.
Lapho abantu nezilwane behogela amakhemikhali ngomoya, kuholela ezifweni zohlelo lokuphefumula. Ngemuva kokuthi izakhi zincibilike emoyeni, imvula ene-asidi ingenzeka. Isimo esibi kakhulu somkhathi siseMogilev, kanti isilinganiso siseBrest, Rechitsa, Gomel, Pinsk, Orsha naseVitebsk.
Ukungcola kwe-Hydrosphere
Isimo samanzi emachibini nasemifuleni yezwe singcoliswe ngokulingene. Ukusetshenziswa kwasekhaya nakwezolimo, umthamo wamanzi asetshenziswa kancane, kanti emkhakheni wezimboni ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuyanda. Lapho amanzi angcolile ezimboni engena emizimbeni yamanzi, amanzi angcola ngezinto ezilandelayo:
- i-manganese;
- ithusi;
- insimbi;
- imikhiqizo kaphethiloli;
- zinc;
- i-nitrogen.
Isimo samanzi emifuleni sehlukile. Ngakho-ke, izindawo ezihlanzeke kakhulu zamanzi yi-Western Dvina neNeman, kufaka phakathi eminye yemithombo yazo. UMfula iPripyat uthathwa njengehlanzekile uma kuqhathaniswa. I-Western Bug ingcoliswe ngokulingene, futhi nemingenela yayo ingamazinga ahlukahlukene okungcola. Amanzi e-Dnieper ezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphansi angcoliswe ngokulingene, kanti ezindaweni eziphezulu ahlanzekile. Isimo esibucayi kakhulu sithuthukile endaweni yamanzi yoMfula iSvisloch.
Umphumela
Kubalwe kuphela izinkinga eziyinhloko zemvelo zaseBelarus, kepha ngaphandle kwazo, kunezinombolo ezimbalwa ezingabalulekile kangako. Ukuze imvelo yezwe igcinwe, abantu badinga ukwenza izinguquko kwezomnotho futhi basebenzise ubuchwepheshe obungemvelo.
