Abantu bafunde ukusebenzisa ukushisa ukwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi womshini emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka edlule. Ukusebenza kwezinjini zokushisa, uphethiloli ucishe uhlale uyadingeka, ovuthayo futhi owakha ugesi. Ngakho-ke, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kwenzeka.
Yini injini yokushisa?
Izinjini zokushisa zibizwa ngama-motors nezindlela ezilula ezisebenzisa amandla okushisa ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Leli gama libanzi kakhulu futhi lifaka amadivayisi amaningi ahlukene kusuka kubhayela lokushisa nge-steam kuya enjini kadizili yesitimela esikhulu.
Izindlela ezisebenzisa ukushisa ngandlela thile zisizungeza nsuku zonke. Ngokweqiniso, ngisho nesiqandisi esijwayelekile siwela ngaphansi kwencazelo yenjini yokushisa, ngoba isebenza ngokushisa. Iyisusa egumbini lesiqandisi iye ku- "radiator" egxunyekwe odongeni lwangemuva, ngaleyo ndlela ifudumeze ngokungabonakali umoya osegumbini. Kodwa-ke, isiqandisi asikhiqizi ukukhishwa, okungenakushiwo ngezinye izindlela eziningi zokushisa.
Ngabe isebenza kanjani injini yokushisa?
Umgomo wokusebenza kwezinqubo ezisebenzisa ukushisa uhlukile. Kodwa iningi lazo lifana ngento eyodwa: zishisa uphethiloli futhi zibumbe intuthu. Iqukethe izinhlayiya zikaphethiloli ezingashiswanga, ngoba ukushisa okungu-100% akunakwenzeka ezimweni eziningi.
Ingqikithi yenjini yokushisa ingaqondakala kalula kusetshenziswa isibonelo se-locomotive yesitimu. Le locomotive, engasatholakali ezinsizakalweni zesitimela ezijwayelekile, isuselwa ethangini elikhulu lamanzi nebhokisi lomlilo. Amalahle asetshenziswa njengophethiloli, okuthi, ngokushisa, afudumeze amanzi. Lokho-ke, kuqala ukuphenduka isitimu, kududule ama-piston. Uhlelo lwama-piston nezinduku luxhunywe emasondweni futhi luwenza ajikeleze. Ngakho-ke, i-locomotive yesitimu iyinjini yokushisa futhi ngaphandle kokushisa ngeke ikwazi ukuhamba.
Ngesikhathi sokusha kwamalahle esithandweni somlilo, kwakheka intuthu yamalahle. Iphonswa ngaphandle ngepayipi emoyeni ovulekile, ihlala emzimbeni we-locomotive, amaqabunga ezihlahla, izakhiwo ezisejantshi yesitimela, njll.
Umthelela omubi emvelweni
Izinjini ezishisayo zilimaza imvelo ngenxa yenani lazo elikhulu, kanye nangenxa yokusetshenziswa kwamafutha amakhemikhali. Isitimela esitimu esicatshangelwe ekuqaleni besingangcolisa imvelo uma besikhona. Kodwa imikhumbi yamatimela esitimela emazweni omhlaba yayinkulu kakhulu, futhi yaba negalelo elikhulu ekwakhiweni kwezintuthu ezibhemayo emadolobheni amakhulu. Futhi lokhu naphezu kokuthi intuthu kwakuwuthuli lwamalahle oluncane kunazo zonke.
Intuthu evela ezokuthutha zanamuhla inokwakheka okuningi "okuthakazelisayo". Uphethiloli kadizili, uphethiloli, uphalafini, uwoyela kaphethiloli nokunye okuphuma kuphethiloli ngamakhemikhali aguqulwa ngokungeziwe ngesikhathi somlilo, okubeka engcupheni enkulu impilo yabantu. Banomphumela omubi ngokweqile ezilwaneni zasendle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhishwa okungapheli kwamagesi ashisayo okuqhuma nentuthu ezitshalweni zezimboni kukhulisa umphumela wokushisa okushisa okusongela ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke.
Izindlela zokubhekana nomthelela wezinjini zokushisa
Kungenzeka ukunciphisa umthelela omubi emvelweni kusuka kuzinqubo ezishisayo ngokusebenzisa ukucwengwa kwazo nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo ngokwengeziwe. Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe obonga ugesi bufakwa ngentshiseko emhlabeni wonke, okuholela ekunciphiseni kokukhishwa emkhathini, ngisho nasekukhiqizeni amandla kagesi.
Isinyathelo sesibili ukwenziwa kwezinhlelo ezintsha zokuhlunga kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwentuthu kadoti noma amagesi okukhipha. Amasistimu we-loop evaliwe akuvumela ukuthi wandise inani lomsebenzi owusizo ngenkathi unciphisa ukuphuma kwezinto ezinobungozi emkhathini.
