IJapane yehlukile kwamanye amazwe ngokuthi itholakala eziqhingini eziningi ezisendaweni enesimo sokuzamazama komhlaba. Noma kunjalo, lesi yisimo esithuthuke kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe besimanje kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izici zemvelo yaseJapan
Isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisa leli zwe ngumsebenzi walo wokuzamazama komhlaba. Kuze kube nokuzamazama komhlaba okungu-1 500 kwenzeka lapha ngonyaka. Iningi lazo alonakalisi, kepha lizwakala ngabantu.
Ihlathi lakhiwe kahle eJapane. Amahlathi ahlanganisa ngaphezu kuka-60% wensimu yezwe. Sekukonke, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-700 zezihlahla namakhambi angama-3,000 ayaziwa. Iziqhingi zimbozwe ngazo zonke izinhlobo zamahlathi - ahlanganisiwe, ahlanganisiwe futhi anqabile. Isimo sehlathi siyehluka kuye ngesinye isiqhingi.
Iziqhingi zaseJapane azinakho ukuxhumana nezwekazi, ngakho-ke ezilwaneni zaleli zwe kukhona imiphetho yezidalwa - izidalwa eziphilayo nezitshalo eziyizimpawu zensimu ethile kuphela. Ngokuvamile, izimbali nezilwane zicebile kakhulu lapha.
Incazelo yohlelo lwemvelo
Isimo semvelo eJapane sishintshile ngokuya ngesikhathi sentuthuko, kanye nezinto zangaphandle. Ukubhujiswa okukhulu okwehlela izwe phakathi neMpi Yesibili Yomhlaba kwaletha umbuso emaphethelweni okuphila. Ensimini yamadolobha aseJapan iHiroshima neNagasaki, kwaqhuma amabhomu enuzi, anquma ukungcoliswa ngemisebe yalezi zindawo.
Ukuze kubuyiswe ingqalasizinda futhi kuphakanyiswe nezinga lokuphila ngemuva kobutha baphakathi nekhulu lama-20, iJapan ithathe izinyathelo ezingafaki ukuvikelwa kwemvelo. Izikhungo zamandla enuzi, imigwaqo emikhulu eminingi yakhiwa, futhi kwenziwa umsebenzi omkhulu ukwakha ingqalasizinda yezokuthutha. Umphumela waba ukuwohloka kwesimo semvelo nokungcola okukhulu kwemvelo.
Zazi ngemvelo ewohlokayo nokucindezela okwandayo kobunjalo beziqhingi, iziphathimandla zaseJapan zashaya umthetho omusha wezemvelo ngo-1970. Indlela ebukeziwe yemithombo yemvelo kanye nokuvikelwa kwayo kumthelela we-anthropogenic kusizinzisile isimo.
Izinkinga zesikhashana zemvelo yaseJapan
Namuhla, iziqhingi zaseJapan zinezinkinga eziningana ezinkulu zemvelo: ukungcoliswa komoya emadolobheni amakhulu avela kumagesi aqeda imoto, ukulahlwa kwemfucuza yasendlini, nokuxinana kwamanzi emizimbeni yamanzi ebalulekile.
Imisebenzi yezimboni neyezesayensi yaseJapan yanamuhla ayihloselwe intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuvikela imvelo. Namuhla kukhona ukulingana phakathi kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Onjiniyela baseJapan benza umnikelo omkhulu ekuhlangenwe nakho komhlaba wonke kobuchwepheshe bokonga amandla. Njengengxenye yomzabalazo womoya ohlanzekile, izinjini zezimoto esezithuthuke kakhulu ziyathuthukiswa, kwethulwa izithuthi zomphakathi nezizimele ezintanjeni zikagesi (izimoto zikagesi).
Imisebenzi yezemvelo eJapan nayo ithinta izingqinamba zokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni. Izwe libamba iqhaza kwiKyoto Protocol - idokhumende ekwehlisweni kokukhishwa kwesikhutha, kanye namanye amakhemikhali abamba iqhaza ekuthuthukiseni umthelela wokushisa komhlaba emhlabeni.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wokuzamazama komhlaba ophakeme esifundeni, iJapane cishe ihlale isengozini yokungcola kwemvelo okubukhali nokungalawulwa. Ukuzamazama komhlaba ngoMashi 11, 2011 kuwubufakazi balokhu. Ukuzamazama kulimaze amathangi ezobuchwepheshe eFukushima-1, lapho kuputshuka khona imisebe. Isendlalelo esikhipha imisebe esizeni sengozi sidlule isilinganiso esivunyelwe izikhathi eziyisishiyagalombili.
