I-Animal ecology yisayensi ehlukanise imikhakha eyavela empambanweni yezilwane, imvelo kanye nokuma kwezwe. Ufunda impilo yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane kuya ngemvelo. Njengoba izilwane ziyingxenye yemvelo, zibalulekile ekusekeleni impilo emhlabeni wethu. Zisabalale zaya kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba: zihlala emahlathini nasehlane, emaqeleni nasemanzini, ezingxenyeni ze-arctic, zindiza emoyeni zicashe ngaphansi komhlaba.
Isilwane esincane kunazo zonke uKitty ilulwane elinekhala lengulube, elinomzimba ongu-2.9 kuya ku-3.3 cm ubude futhi unesisindo esifinyelela ku-2 g. Kuzo zonke izilwane eziphila eMhlabeni, omele kakhulu izilwane whale blue, efinyelela kubude obungu-30 m, isisindo samathani ayi-180. Konke lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi umhlaba wezilwane omangalisayo futhi onhlobonhlobo kangakanani.
Izinkinga zokongiwa kwezilwane
Ngeshwa, njalo ngemizuzu engama-20 uhlobo olulodwa lwezilwane luyanyamalala emhlabeni. Ngesilinganiso esinjalo, kunengozi yokuqothulwa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo ezine zezilwane ezincelisayo, zonke izinhlobo zezinyoni eziyisishiyagalombili, kanye nayo yonke i-3 amphibian. Abantu abacabangi nokuthi bacabanga ukuthi inkulu kangakanani inhlekelele yokushabalala kwezilwane ebusweni bomhlaba.
Kubalulekile ukuthi imvelo yezilwane ibone ukuthi iyini umhlaba oyingqayizivele wezilwane, futhi ukunyamalala kwayo kuzoholela ekufeni komhlaba wethu wonke, ngoba izilwane zenza imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile:
- lawula inani lezimila;
- ukusabalalisa impova, izithelo, imbewu yezitshalo;
- ziyingxenye yochungechunge lokudla;
- iqhaza inqubo yokwakheka kwenhlabathi;
- kuthinta ukwakheka kwamasimu.
Izinkinga zemvelo yezilwane
Njengoba imvelo inezinkinga zemvelo, azihlukile ezilwaneni. Ukungcoliswa komoya kunomthelela ekutheni izilwane ziphefumula umoya ongcolile, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi angcolile kuholela ekuguleni nasekufeni kwezilwane ezahlukahlukene. Inhlabathi engcolile, imvula ene-asidi nokunye okuningi kuneqhaza eqinisweni lokuthi izinto ezinamakhemikhali neze-radioactive zingena emzimbeni ngesikhumba, nakho okuholela ekufeni kwezilwane. Lapho imvelo icekelwa phansi (kugawulwa amahlathi, kukhanywa amaxhaphozi, kushintsha imibhede yemifula), khona-ke bonke abantu bendawo baphoqeleka ukuthi bafune ikhaya elisha, bashintshe indawo abahlala kuyo, futhi lokhu kuholela ekwehleni kwabantu, ngoba akuwona wonke umuntu onesikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nezimo zezwe elisha.
Ngakho-ke, izilwane zincike kakhulu esimweni semvelo. Ikhwalithi yayo ayinqumi kuphela inani lohlobo oluthile, kepha futhi nemijikelezo yempilo, ukukhula okujwayelekile nokuthuthuka kwezilwane. Njengoba umuntu ethikameza imvelo, uyakwazi ukubhubhisa izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ngaphandle kokuvuselelwa kwazo.
