Isihlahla esikhulu esihlala siluhlaza se-Ayan spruce sikhula endle size sifike ku-60 m, kepha imvamisa sifushane kakhulu (kufika ku-35 m) lapho sikhule ngabantu emapaki we-landscape. Izwe lesihlahla sonwele liyizintaba ezisenkabeni yeJapane, imingcele yezintaba yaseChina neNyakatho Korea neSiberia. Izihlahla zikhula ngokwesilinganiso esingu-40 cm ngonyaka. Ukwanda kwesibalo kuyashesha, imvamisa kungu-4 cm ngonyaka.
Isi-spruce se-Ayansk siqinile, simelana nesithwathwa (umkhawulo wokumelana nesithwathwa kusuka -40 kuye -45 ° C). Izinaliti aziwi unyaka wonke, ziyaqhakaza kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni, izigaxa zivuthwa ngoSepthemba-Okthoba. Lolu hlobo luyi-monoecious (umbala ohlukile - owesilisa noma owesifazane, kodwa bobabili ubulili bombala bukhula esitshalweni esisodwa), kuthunyelwe impova ngumoya.
Isi-spruce sikulungele ukukhula enhlabathini ekhanyayo (enesihlabathi), emaphakathi (e-loamy) nasindayo (ngobumba) futhi sikhula enhlabathini engenamsoco. I-pH efanelekayo: inhlabathi ene-esidi nengathathi hlangothi, ayinyamalali ngisho nasemhlabathini one-asidi kakhulu.
Isihlahla sonwele sase-Ayan asikhuli emthunzini. Uncamela inhlabathi emanzi. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela imimoya enamandla, kepha hhayi yolwandle. Ushona lapho umoya ungcolisiwe.
Incazelo ye-ayan spruce
Ububanzi besiqu obusezingeni lesifuba somuntu bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-100. Amagxolo anombala onsundu ngokumpunga, aqhume kakhulu futhi ayaqhuma. Amagatsha anombala ophuzi ophuzi futhi abushelelezi. Amapheshana amaqabunga anobude obungu-0.5 mm. Izinaliti zinesikhumba, ziqondile, ziyisicaba, zithambeka kancane kuzo zombili lezi zindawo, ziyi-15-25 mm ubude, 1.5-2 mm ububanzi, zikhombe, zinemivimbo emibili emhlophe ye-stomatal ngaphezulu.
Izigaxa zembewu azilingani, ziyindilinga, nsundu, ziyi-4-7 cm ubude, 2 cm ububanzi. Izikali zembewu ziyi-ovate noma i-oblong-ovate, enesiqongo esibuthuntu noma esiyindilinga, esigaxwe kancane onqenqemeni olungaphezulu, 10mm ubude, 6-7 mm ububanzi. Ama-bracts angaphansi kwesikali sezigaxa mancane, aqine kancane, abe ne-acute, ajiwe kancane onqenqemeni olungaphezulu, abe yi-3 mm ubude. Imbewu ine-ovoid, nsundu, 2-2.5 mm ubude, 1.5 mm ububanzi; izimpiko ziyi-oblong-ovate, nsundu ngokuphaphathekile, 5-6 mm ubude, 2-2.5 mm ububanzi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kanye nemvelo kwe-ayan spruce
Kukhona ama-subspecies amabili ezindawo alesi sihlahla sonwele esijwayelekile, abanye ababhali ababheka njengezinhlobonhlobo, kanti ezinye njengezinhlobo ezihlukile:
I-Picea jezoensis jezoensis ivame kakhulu kulo lonke uhla lwayo.
I-Picea jezoensis i-hondoensis ayivamile, ikhula endaweni engayodwa ezintabeni eziphakeme ezisenkabeni yeHonshu.
I-Picea jezoensis impiensis
Isihlahla sonwele sase-Ayan, esidabuka eJapane, sikhula emahlathini angaphansi komhlaba e-Southern Kuriles, eHonshu naseHokkaido. E-China, iyakhula esifundazweni saseHeilongjiang. ERussia, itholakala e-Ussuriysk Territory, eSakhalin, eKuriles naseCentral Kamchatka, enyakatho-mpumalanga ukusuka ogwini loLwandle i-Okhotsk kuya eMagadan.
Sebenzisa i-spruce embonini
EMpumalanga Ekude yaseRussia nasenyakatho neJapan, i-ayan spruce isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinkuni nephepha. Izinkuni zithambile, zilula, ziyaqina, ziyaguquguquka. Isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa kwangaphakathi, ifenisha, ukwakhiwa nokukhiqizwa kwe-chipboard. Izihlahla eziningi zivame ukugawulwa ngokungemthetho emahlathini emvelo acwebile. Isihlahla sonwele sase-Ayan yizinhlobo ezingavamile ezifakwe eRed Book.
Sebenzisa kumuthi wesintu kanye ne-gastronomy
Izingxenye ezidliwayo: umbala, imbewu, i-resin, amagxolo angaphakathi.
Ama-inflorescence wesilisa amancane adliwa eluhlaza noma abilisiwe. Kuphekwe izigaxa zesifazane ezingakavuthwa, ingxenye emaphakathi imnandi futhi iyajiya uma yosiwe. Amagxolo angaphakathi - omisiwe, agaywe abe yimpuphu bese esetshenziswa njengesikhunta esobho noma engezwe kufulawa ekwenzeni izinkwa. Amathiphu amahlumela amancane asetshenziselwa ukwenza itiye eliqabulayo elinothe ngovithamini C.
Inhlaka evela esiqwini se-ayan spruce isetshenziselwa ukwelapha. I-Tannin itholakala kumagxolo, amafutha abalulekile avela emaqabungeni.
