Izinja, abantu nezinhlanzi baphefumula ngesizathu esifanayo. Wonke umuntu udinga umoya-mpilo. Oxygen yigesi esetshenziswa imizimba ukukhiqiza amandla.
Izinto eziphilayo zizwa imizwa emibili yendlala - isisu ne-oxygen. Ngokungafani nekhefu phakathi kokudla, amakhefu phakathi kokuphefumula amafushane kakhulu. Abantu baphefumula cishe ama-12 ngomzuzu.
Kungabonakala sengathi baphefumula umoya-mpilo kuphela, kepha kunamanye amagesi amaningi asemoyeni. Lapho siphefumula, amaphaphu agcwala la magesi. Amaphaphu ahlukanisa umoya-mpilo emoyeni futhi akhiphe amanye amagesi angasetshenziswa yimizimba.
Wonke umuntu ukhipha isikhutha esikhiqizwa yimizimba lapho sikhiqiza amandla. Njengoba umzimba ujuluka lapho sizivocavoca umzimba, nomzimba ukhipha isikhutha lapho siphefumula.
Izinhlanzi nazo zidinga umoya-mpilo ukuze zihambise imizimba yazo, kodwa i-oxygen eziyisebenzisayo isivele isemanzini. Imizimba yabo ayifani neyabantu. Abantu nezinja banamaphaphu, nezinhlanzi zinemiphunga.
Asebenza kanjani ama-gill
Imisipha yezinhlanzi iyabonakala lapho ibheka emakhanda ayo. Le yimigqa esezinhlangothini zekhanda lenhlanzi. Amagill ayatholakala ngaphakathi komzimba wezinhlanzi, kepha awabonwa ngaphandle - njengamaphaphu ethu. Inhlanzi ibonakala iphefumula emanzini ngoba ikhanda layo liya likhula njengoba lidonsa amanzi. Njengalapho umuntu egwinya ucezu olukhulu lokudla.
Okokuqala, amanzi angena emlonyeni wenhlanzi futhi ageleze phakathi kwezigilo. Lapho amanzi eshiya izigaxa, abuyela echibini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhutha esikhiqizwa yizinhlanzi naso siyasuswa ngamanzi njengoba sishiya imiphunga.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: izinhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezinemiphunga ziphefumula umoya-mpilo ngoba igazi lazo ligeleza phakathi kwezigulukudela kolunye uhlangothi ukusuka emanzini. Uma igazi ligeleza phakathi kwezigilo lisiya ohlangothini olufanayo namanzi, inhlanzi ibingayikuthola umoya-mpilo odingekayo kuyo.
Amagilosa afana nesihlungi, futhi aqoqa umoya-mpilo emanzini, okudingeka ukuthi izinhlanzi ziphefumule. Ngemuva kokuthi imishanguzo imunce umoya-mpilo (umjikelezo womoya-mpilo), igesi ihamba ngegazi futhi yondle umzimba.
Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukushiya izinhlanzi emanzini. Ngaphandle kwamanzi, ngeke bathole i-oxygen abayidingayo ukuze babe nempilo.
Ezinye izindlela zokuphefumula ezinhlanzini
Izinhlanzi eziningi ziphefumula ngesikhumba sazo, ikakhulukazi lapho zizalwa, ngoba zincane kakhulu kangangokuba azinazo izitho ezikhethekile. Njengoba ikhula, kuvela iziyaluyalu ngoba akukho ukusabalala okwanele ngesikhumba. Ukushintshaniswa kwegesi okungamaphesenti angama-20 noma ngaphezulu kuyabonakala kwezinye izinhlanzi ezindala.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zinezimbobo ngemuva kweziguli ezigcwele umoya. Kwabanye, izitho eziyinkimbinkimbi zivela kwifomu le-branchial arch enisela futhi zisebenza njengephaphu.
Ezinye izinhlanzi ziphefumula umoya ngaphandle kokuzivumelanisa okukhethekile. I-eel yaseMelika ihlanganisa ama-60% ezidingo zomoya-mpilo ngesikhumba kanti ama-40% agwinywa asemkhathini.
