Imvelo iphana ngawo wonke umuntu. Futhi uma ekhiphe okuncane kokunye, uzama ukukukhokhela ngokunye. Ngakho esifundeni saseMoscow ngeke uthole izinqolobane ezinkulu zamatshe noma amatshe ayigugu, kepha uzothola ngobuningi izinto zokwakha zemvelo, ezaqala ukusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo emuva ngekhulu le-13. Iningi lazo linomsuka we-sedimentary, ohlotshaniswa nezici ze-geology ye-European Platform, lapho isifunda sikhona.
Amaminerali esifundeni saseMoscow, yize engagcwele izinhlobonhlobo, abalulekile ezimbonini. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-peat, amadiphozi awo akhonjwe esifundeni ngaphezu kwenkulungwane.
Imithombo yamanzi
Ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke nokungcoliswa kwemvelo okuphelele, amanzi ahlanzekile abaluleke ngokukhethekile. Namuhla isifunda saseMoscow sikhipha u-90% wamanzi okuphuza emanzini angaphansi komhlaba. Ukwakheka kwabo kuxhomeke ekujuleni kwamadwala lapho ama-horizons akhiwe khona. Isuka ku-10 kuye ku-180 m.
Iphesenti elilodwa kuphela lezinqolobane ezifakazelwe lingamanzi amaminerali.
Amaminerali avuthayo
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, i-peat iyimbiwa eyinhloko evuthayo esifundeni saseMoscow. Namuhla kunamadiphozithi angaba ngu-1,800 aziwayo, anendawo ephelele engama-2,000 km2 nezinqolobane ezifakazelwe zamathani ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Lo mthombo obalulekile usetshenziswa njengomanyolo ophilayo nophethiloli.
Olunye uhlobo olukulesi sigaba amalahle ansundu, ngokwendawo asendaweni eseningizimu. Kepha, ngokungafani nezifunda ezingomakhelwane, ivolumu edingekayo ekukhiqizeni izimboni ayitholakalanga, ngenxa yalokho ukuthuthukiswa kwamalahle akwenziwa.
Ore amaminerali
Njengamanje, i-iron ore ne-titanium azimbiwa ngenxa yokuphela kwamadiphozithi. Babekhuliswe ekuqaleni emuva eNkathini Ephakathi, kepha sebekhathele. Ama-pyrites kanye nama-marquisites ane-sulfide inclusions atholakala esifundeni se-Serpukhov awazona izimboni, kepha kunalokho anentshisekelo yokwakheka komhlaba.
Ngezikhathi ezithile ungakhubeka nge-bauxite - i-ore aluminium. Njengomthetho, zitholakala ezinkwalini zetshe.
Amaminerali angenasisekelo
Amaminerali angenayo amaminerali amaminerali esifundeni saseMoscow abaluleke kakhulu esifundeni nasehulumeni. Lezi zokugcina zibandakanya ama-phosphorites - amadwala asezintabeni asetshenziswa embonini ukukhiqiza umanyolo wamaminerali. Kubandakanya amaminerali e-phosphate nobumba, kufaka phakathi i-dolomite, i-quartzite, ne-pyrite.
Okunye kungokwesigaba sokwakha - i-limestone, ubumba, isihlabathi kanye namatshe. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukukhishwa kwesihlabathi sengilazi, esiqukethe i-quartz emsulwa, lapho kwenziwa khona ikristalu, ingilazi nobumba.
I-limestone yidwala le-carbonate elisakazeke kakhulu. Leli tshe elimhlophe elinemibala empunga noma ephuzi laqala ukusetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa nokugqokiswa kwezakhiwo emuva ngekhulu le-14, ngenkathi kwakhiwa iMoscow namasonto ayo namabhishobhi amakhulu. Kwakungenxa yokubonga kwakhe ukuthi idolobha lathola igama elithi "itshe elimhlophe". Le nto isetshenziswa futhi ekukhiqizeni amatshe achotshoziwe, usimende kanye ne-lime.
Ama-Dolomites aminyene ngokwengeziwe futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu njengezinto ezibhekene nazo.
Ukukhishwa kukashoki, i-marl ne-calcareous tuff kubaluleke ngokufanayo.
Ukukhulunywa okukhethekile kufanele kwenziwe ngamadiphozi kasawoti wedwala. Ngenxa yokujula okuphawulekayo kokwenzeka, ukukhiqizwa kwezebhizinisi akwenziwa. Kodwa-ke, lawa madiphozi athinta ukumuncwa kwamanzi omhlaba, okuthi, ngenxa yawo, angabi ngaphansi kwamanzi adumile e-Essentuki ezindaweni zawo zokwelapha nezinkomba zamakhemikhali.
Amaminerali
Uma amatshe ayigugu atholakala ikakhulukazi emashalofini ezitolo, khona-ke amaminerali okuhlobisa nawoligugu angatholakala ebukhulu besifunda saseMoscow. Okuvame kakhulu kulokhu i-calcite, i-silicon kanye nokuphuma kwayo.
Okuvame kakhulu yinsengetsha. Leli tshe linezinzuzo eziningana, kufaka phakathi ukuqina okungajwayelekile. Kutholakala yonke indawo kule nsimu futhi kusetshenziswa bobabili kubucwebe nakubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
IHolcedony, i-agate ne-coral kuvame ukusetshenziswa lapho kwenziwa ubucwebe nobuciko.
Amanye amaminerali afaka i-quartz, i-quartzite, i-calcite, i-goethite, i-siderite, ne-fluorite engajwayelekile kakhulu. Enye yezinto zayo ezihlukile yikhono layo lokukhanya.
