Kunoma ikuphi ukukhiqizwa, i-metallurgical, ubunjiniyela, ukudla, i-petrochemical nokunye, kunemithetho yokuqoqwa kukadoti nokugcinwa kwawo ukuze kulahlwe kamuva. Lezi zidingo zenziwa kucatshangelwa imininingwane yokukhiqizwa, kepha kunezindlela eziningi ezijwayelekile. Konke lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ulawule ukuphathwa kwemfucuza, ukwenze kuphephe futhi kusebenze kahle.
Umthetho
Yonke imithetho elawula ukuqoqwa nokugcinwa kwezinto ezilahlwayo nodoti ebhizinisini ilawulwa ngumthetho. Umbhalo omkhulu olawula lokhu yiSanPiN 2.1.7.728 -99, ecacisa yonke imithetho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izidingo zokugcina nokuqoqa imfucumfucu yezimboni zenziwa ngesisekelo se-Federal Law "On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population" ka-1999, ichitshiyelwe futhi yengezwe ngonyaka we-2017. Isigaba 22 salo mthetho sichaza izidingo zokuqoqwa nokugcinwa kukadoti wasembonini.
Zonke izidingo ezibalulwe emthethweni zisebenza ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwempilo, amabhizinisi abandakanyeka ngqo ekuqoqeni nasekuthuthweni kwemfucumfucu, izindawo ezikhethekile ekulahlweni kukadoti oyingozi.
Imithetho ejwayelekile yokuqoqwa nokuthuthwa kukadoti
Zonke izindlela ezisetshenziselwa ukuqoqwa kukadoti nokuthuthwa okulandelayo kufanele ziphephe ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. Imithetho eyisisekelo yokuphathwa kwemfucuza imi kanje:
- gcina amarekhodi azo zonke izinto ezinobungozi kanye nemfucuza enezinga eliphakeme losongo, ibhizinisi elisebenza ngalo;
- thumela ngesikhathi esifanele imibhalo yokubika ngenani lemfucuza kanye nokulahlwa kwabo;
- hlomisa izakhiwo lapho kuqoqwa khona udoti ukuze kugcinwe khona okwesikhashana;
- ngemfucuza enobungozi, sebenzisa isitsha esikhethekile esivaliwe ngaphandle kokulimala ngokumakwa okudingekayo;
- izinto zokwakha zidinga ukuhanjiswa ngezimoto ezikhethekile ezigcwala imfucuza kuphela ezindaweni eziqokiwe;
- kanye ngonyaka, ukuqhuba ukuqeqeshwa ku-T / W kwabasebenzi ababambe iqhaza ekuqoqweni nasekuthuthweni kukadoti.
Imithetho yokuqoqwa kukadoti
Ukuqoqwa kwemfucuza kanye nokugcinwa kwayo okuqhubekayo kwenziwa ngabasebenzi bebhizinisi ngokohlelo oluthile. Ngokwalokhu, abantu abanesibopho kufanele benze ngokulandela uhlelo olwenziwe ngaphambilini. Kumele babe nemishini yokuqoqa udoti neziqukathi abazokugcina:
- izikhwama ezivaliwe ezilahliwe;
- iziqukathi ezithambile;
- amathangi avuselelekayo;
- iziqukathi eziqinile (zemfucuza enobungozi, ebukhali futhi entekenteke).
Izinqola ezisetshenziselwa ukuthutha imfucuza isuka emagcekeni bese izilayisha emotweni. Abantu abaphatha imfucuza kufanele bahlole njalo okokusebenza kanye nobuqotho besitsha ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
Imithetho yokuthuthwa kwendle
Wonke amabhizinisi anomfucumfucu kufanele alandele imithetho emibili yokuthutha udoti:
- okokuqala kungukuchithwa kwezinto ezilahlwayo njalo;
- okwesibili ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinto zokuhamba ukugwema ukulahleka kwemfucuza nezinto eziyingozi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlobo ngalunye lwemfucuza kufanele lube nepasipoti evumela ukuthi iphinde ilahlwe. Zonke izimoto ezithutha imfucuza kufanele zibe nezimpawu ezikhethekile ezibonisa ukuthi imoto ithweleni ngempela. Abashayeli kumele babe nekhono eliphezulu futhi babe nekhono lokuthuthwa kukadoti oyingozi. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, kudingeka ukuthi babe nemibhalo kadoti futhi balethe izinto zokusetshenziswa esikhungweni ukuze zizolahlwa ngesikhathi. Igcina yonke imithetho yokuqoqwa nokuthuthwa kukadoti, inkampani ngeke ilandele umthetho kuphela, kodwa futhi izokwenza into ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo.
