I-Amazon ingumfula omude kunayo yonke emhlabeni (ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayisithupha) futhi ungowaselwandle i-Atlantic Ocean. Lo mfula unemingenela eminingi, ngenxa yokuthi unomthamo omkhulu wamanzi. Ngesikhathi semvula, umfula ugcwala izindawo eziningi. Umhlaba omuhle wezimila nezilwane wakha ogwini lwe-Amazon. Kepha, naphezu kwawo wonke amandla endawo yamanzi, ayilondolozwanga ngezinkinga zesimanje zemvelo.
Ukuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane
Izinhlanzi ezinkulu zifihlwe emanzini ase-Amazon, kepha emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ngenxa yomsebenzi omkhulu womuntu, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo kuhlelo lwezinto eziphilayo kuyashintsha. Ososayensi bathole cishe izinkulungwane eziyizi-2,5 zezinhlanzi zamanzi angenasawoti e-Amazon. Isibonelo, inhlanzi yangaphambi komlando i-Arapaim yayisengcupheni yokuqothulwa, futhi ukuze kugcinwe lolu hlobo, le nhlanzi yaqala ukukhuliswa emapulazini.
Emanzini ale ndawo yamanzi kunezinhlanzi nezilwane eziningi ezithakazelisayo: ama-piranhas, i-bull shark, ingwenya ye-caiman, inyoka ye-anaconda, ihlengethwa elibomvana, i-eel kagesi. Futhi bonke basongelwa yimisebenzi yabantu abafisa ukudla umnotho we-Amazon kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, selokhu kwatholakala iMelika nale ndawo, abantu abaningi baye bazingela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezilwane ukuze baziqhayise ngezindebe, futhi lokhu sekuholele nasekunciphiseni kwabantu.
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi
Kunezindlela eziningi zokungcolisa i-Amazon. Yile ndlela abantu abagawula ngayo amahlathi ashisayo aseNingizimu Melika, futhi kulezi zingxenye zemvelo azibuyiselwa, inhlabathi iyancipha futhi igezwe emfuleni. Lokhu kuholela ekuthungeni kwendawo yamanzi nokujula kwayo. Ukufakwa kwamadamu nokwakhiwa kwezimboni osebeni lwe-Amazon akuholeli nje kuphela ekushabalaleni kwezitshalo nezilwane, kepha kunomthelela ekugelezeni kwamanzi ezimboni angene endaweni yamanzi. Konke lokhu kuthinta ushintsho ekwakhiweni kwamanzi kwamakhemikhali. Umkhathi ungcolile, umoya ugcwele izinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezahlukahlukene, amanzi emvula awela phezu kwe-Amazon nasogwini lwawo futhi angcolisa kakhulu imithombo yamanzi.
Amanzi alo mfula awumthombo wokuphila hhayi kuphela ezitshalweni nasezilwaneni, kodwa futhi nakubantu bendawo abahlala ezizweni. Emfuleni bathola ukudla kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ehlathini lase-Amazonia, izizwe zamaNdiya zinethuba lokucasha ekuhlaselweni kwamanye amazwe futhi zihlale ngokuthula. Kepha ukusebenza kwabokufika, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, kuholela ekususweni kwabantu bendawo ezindaweni zabo ezijwayelekile, futhi amanzi angcolile anesandla ekusakazekeni kwezifo, lapho laba bantu bafa khona.
Umphumela
Impilo yabantu abaningi, izilwane nezitshalo incike emfuleni i-Amazon. Ukuxhashazwa kwale ndawo enamanzi, ukugawulwa kwamahlathi nokungcoliswa kwamanzi akuholeli nje ekunciphiseni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kuphela, kodwa nasekuguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. Nali ikhaya labantu abaningi asebephile ngendlela yesiko ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka eyedlule, futhi ukuhlasela kwabaseYurophu akulimazanga imvelo kuphela, kodwa nempucuko yabantu iyonke.
