I-Kara-Kum (noma enye indlela yokubiza iGaragum) ekuhumusheni kusuka ku-Turkic kusho isihlabathi esimnyama. Ugwadule oluthatha ingxenye ebalulekile yeTurkmenistan. Izindunduma zesihlabathi zaseKara-Kum zisatshalaliswa ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane ezingama-350, amakhilomitha angama-800 ubude namakhilomitha angama-450 ububanzi. Ugwadule luhlukaniswe izindawo ezisenyakatho (noma iZaunguska), iSouth-Eastern kanye ne-Central (noma Low).
Isimo sezulu
IKara-Kum ingenye yezingwadule ezishisa kakhulu emhlabeni. Amazinga okushisa ehlobo angafika kuma-50 degrees Celsius, kanti isihlabathi sishisa size sifike kuma-80 degrees. Ebusika, amazinga okushisa ehla, kwezinye izindawo, aye kuma-35 degrees ngaphansi kuka-zero. Kunemvula encane kakhulu, efinyelela kumamilimitha ayikhulu namashumi ayisihlanu ngonyaka, futhi iningi lawo liwa ikakhulukazi ebusika kusukela ngoNovemba kuya ku-Ephreli.
Izimila
Ngokumangazayo, kunezinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kuka-250 ehlane laseKara-Kum. Ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, kuguquka kube ugwadule. Ama-poppies, i-sand acacia, ama-tulips (aphuzi nokubomvu), i-calendula yasendle, i-sand sedge, i-astragalus nezinye izitshalo zigcwele ngokuphelele.
Poppy
I-sandy acacia
I-Tulip
I-Calendula yasendle
Isihlabathi sedge
I-Astragalus
Ama-pistachios akhuphuka ngokumangalisayo ekuphakameni kwamamitha amahlanu kuya kwayisikhombisa. Lesi sikhathi sifushane, izitshalo zasogwadule zivuthwa ngokushesha okukhulu futhi zichithe amahlamvu azo kuze kufike inkathi entwasahlobo elandelayo emnene.
Izilwane
Ngesikhathi sasemini, iningi labamele umhlaba wezilwane bayaphumula. Bacasha emigodini yabo noma emathunzini ohlaza lapho kunethunzi khona. Isikhathi somsebenzi siqala ikakhulukazi ebusuku, njengoba ilanga liyeka ukufudumeza izihlabathi nokushisa emazingeni ehlane. Abamele abavelele kakhulu be-oda lezilwane ezidliwayo yi-Korsak fox.
I-Fox korsak
Incane kancane kunokujwayelekile impungushe, kepha imilenze mide maqondana nomzimba.
Ikati leVelvet
Ikati le-velvet ngummeli omncane kakhulu womndeni we-feline.
Uboya buminyene kakhulu kepha buthambile. Izinyawo zifushane futhi zinamandla kakhulu. Amagundane, izinyoka kanye nama-bihorks (awaziwa nangokuthi ama-phalanges noma izicabucabu zekamela) ahlala ngobuningi ehlane.
Isicabucabu sekamela
Izinyoni
Abamele izimpaphe ogwadule abahlukile kangako. Undlunkulu wasogwadule, i-fidgety warbler (inyoni encane, efihlekile kakhulu yasogwadule ebambe umsila wayo emhlane).
Indlunkulu Yasehlane
UWarbler
Indawo ehlane nemephu
Ugwadule lusengxenyeni eseningizimu ye-Asia Ephakathi futhi luhlala ezingxenyeni ezintathu zeTurkmenistan futhi lubhekwa njengenye yezinkulu kakhulu. Eningizimu, ugwadule lukhawulelwe amagquma aseKarabil, eKopetdag, eVankhyz. Enyakatho, umngcele ugudla iHorzeim Lowland. Empumalanga, iKara-Kum inqunyelwe yisigodi i-Amu Darya, kuthi entshonalanga umngcele ogwadule ugudle umzila wasendulo woMfula i-Western Uzboy.
Chofoza esithombeni ukukhulisa
Ukukhululwa
Ukukhululeka kweNyakatho Karakum kwehluke kakhulu ekusizweni kweNingizimu-mpumalanga neLow. Ingxenye esenyakatho iphakeme ngokwanele futhi iyingxenye endala yasogwadule. Izici eziyingqayizivele zale ngxenye yeKara-Kum ngamadolo anesihlabathi, asuka enyakatho aye eningizimu futhi abe nobude obungamamitha ayikhulu.
I-Central kanye ne-Southeastern mpumalanga yeKarakum Desert zifana kakhulu ngokukhululeka futhi ngenxa yesimo sezulu esibi, zikulungele kangcono ukulima. Indawo iyisicaba ngokwengeziwe uma iqhathaniswa nengxenye esenyakatho. Izindunduma zesihlabathi azikho ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-25 ukuphakama. Futhi umoya onamandla ojwayelekile, osusa izindunduma, ushintsha indawo encane yemvelo.
Futhi, ekuphumuleni kogwadule lwaseKara-Kum, ungabona abathathi. Lezi yiziqephu zomhlaba, ikakhulu ezakhiwe ngobumba, okuthi ngesomiso zakhe imifantu ebusweni. Ngentwasahlobo, abathathi bagcwele umswakama futhi akunakwenzeka ukuhamba kulezi zindawo.
Kukhona futhi ama-gorges amaningana eKara-Kum: Archibil, lapho kugcinwe khona izindawo zemvelo eziyizintombi; i-rocky emazombezombe e-cangen Mergenishan, eyakhiwa cishe ngekhulu le-13.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Ugwadule iKarakum lugcwele amaqiniso amaningi nezimfihlakalo. Ngokwesibonelo:
- kunogwadule olunamanzi amaningi omhlaba, okuthi kwezinye izingxenye zawo asondele kakhulu ebusweni (kuze kufike kumamitha ayisithupha);
- impela sonke isihlabathi sasogwadule sivela emfuleni;
- endaweni yasogwadule lwaseKara-Kum eduze nedolobhana laseDareaza kukhona "Amasango aya ngaphansi komhlaba" noma "Amasango Esihogo". Leli igama lomgodi wegesi iDarvaza. Le crater ingemvelaphi ye-anthropogenic. Ngawo-1920 akude, ukuthuthukiswa kwegesi kwaqala kule ndawo. Ipulatifomu yangena ngaphansi kwesihlabathi, futhi igesi yaqala ukuphuma ebusweni. Ukuze kugwenywe ushevu, kwanqunywa ukuthi kushiswe uphethiloli ophehla ugesi. Kusukela lapho, umlilo lapha awuzange uyeke ukusha umzuzwana.
- imithombo emisha engaba yizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili ihlakazekile yonkana nendawo yaseKara-Kum, amanzi atholakala kuwo ngosizo lwamakamela ahamba isiyingi;
- indawo yasehlane idlula indawo yamazwe anjenge-Italy, iNorway ne-United Kingdom.
Elinye iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi ugwadule lwaseKara-Kum lunegama eligcwele. Leli hlane libizwa nangokuthi yiKarakum, kodwa linendawo encane futhi lisendaweni yaseKazakhstan.
