Ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho naseningizimu zeplanethi yethu, ngaphandle kwesifunda se-equatorial, amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo anwebeka njengepulangwe le-emerald. Baboleke igama labo endaweni yesimo sezulu lapho bekhona. Lapha ungathola izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezihlahla: ama-oki ahlala eluhlaza, ama-myrtle, ama-laurels, ama-cypress, ama-junipers, ama-rhododendrons, ama-magnolias kanye nezihlahlana eziningi ezihlala ziluhlaza.
Izindawo ezingaphansi kwehlathi
Amahlathi angaphansi komhlaba atholakala eMelika Ephakathi, eWest Indies, eNdiya, eMadagascar, ezwekazini iSoutheast Asia, nasePhilippines. Zitholakala ikakhulukazi cishe phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo kubude obungu-23.5 ° nezindawo ezipholile. Lokhu kuvame ukubhekisa ebangeni elingama-35-46.5 ° enyakatho naseningizimu ye-Equator. Ngokuya kwenani lemvula eliwayo, ziphinde zihlukaniswe zibe yimithombo eshisayo emanzi neyomile.
Amahlathi omile asezindaweni ezishisayo asuka eMedithera aye empumalanga, cishe aze afike ezintabeni zeHimalaya.
Amahlathi emvula angatholakala:
- ezintabeni zeNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia;
- AmaHimalaya;
- eCaucasus;
- endaweni yase-Iran;
- ezifundazweni eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yeNyakatho Melika;
- ebangeni leTropic of Capricorn ezintabeni zaseNingizimu Melika;
- E-Australia.
Futhi naseNew Zealand.
Isimo sezulu samahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo
Indawo eyomile yetropropical ibonakala ngesimo sezulu saseMedithera esinamazinga afudumele omile nobusika obupholile bemvula. Isilinganiso sokushisa somoya ezinyangeni ezifudumele sifinyelela ngaphezu kuka- + 200C, ngenkathi ebandayo - kusuka ku- + 40C. Izithwathwa azivamile ngokwedlulele.
Amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo anomswakama akhula ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezifanayo. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi isimo sezulu siyizwekazi noma imvula, ngenxa yalokho imvula eningi futhi isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo unyaka wonke.
Isimo sezulu esishisayo singenzeka ezindaweni eziphakeme ezindaweni ezishisayo, njengasethafeni eliseningizimu yeMexico, eVietnam naseTaiwan.
Iqiniso elimangazayo, kepha izindawo eziningi eziwugwadule zomhlaba zitholakala ngaphakathi kwezindawo ezingaphansi komhlaba, ngenxa yokuthuthuka kommango ongaphansi komhlaba.
Inhlabathi yehlathi elingaphansi komhlaba
Ngenxa yamatshe akha inhlabathi, ukukhululeka okuhlukile, isimo sezulu esishisayo nesomile, uhlobo lwendabuko lwenhlabathi yamahlathi omile asezindaweni ezishisayo yizinhlabathi ezimpunga ezinokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-humus.
Inhlabathi ebomvu nephuzi isici semifucumfucu enomswakama. Zakhiwa ukuhlangana kwezinto ezinjenge:
- isimo sezulu esimanzi, esifudumele;
- ukutholakala kwama-oxide namadwala obumba emhlabeni;
- izimila zehlathi ezicebile;
- kwegazi eziphilayo;
- usizo olunikeza isimo sezulu.
Amahlathi angaphansi komhlaba aseRussia
Ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama lwaseCaucasus naseCrimea, ungathola futhi amahlathi angaphansi komhlaba. Izihlahla ezivame kakhulu yi-oki, i-beech, i-hornbeam, i-linden, i-maple ne-chestnut. I-Boxwood, i-cherry laurel, i-rhododendron iyajabulisa iso. Akunakwenzeka ukungathandani nephunga elimnandi le-pine, i-fir, i-juniper ne-cypress eluhlaza njalo. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lezi zindawo sekuyisikhathi eside ziheha abavakashi abaningi ngesimo sezulu sabo esipholile nezindawo zokuphulukisa zomoya uqobo, ezigcwele iphunga lezihlahla ezindala.
