Manje emazweni amaningi omhlaba, ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngenkuthalo, hhayi kuphela indawo yokuhlala, kepha izakhiwo zezohwebo nezimboni. Ukwanda kwamanani wokwakha ngokufanele kukhuphula inani lemfucuza yokwakha. Ukulawula inani laso, kuyadingeka ukulahla lesi sigaba semfucumfucu noma ukuvuselela ukusetshenziswa kwaso kabusha futhi kusetshenziswe kabusha.
Ukwahlukaniswa kwemfucuza yokwakha
Ukusingathwa kwezigaba ezilandelayo kuhlukaniswa ezindaweni zokwakha:
- Imfucuza enkulu. Lezi yizinto zezakhiwo nezakhiwo ezivela ngenxa yokudilizwa kwezakhiwo.
- Ukupakisha imfucuza. Imvamisa leli klasi lifaka ifilimu, iphepha neminye imikhiqizo lapho izinto zokwakha zigcwele khona.
- Omunye udoti. Kuleli qembu, uthuli, imfucumfucu, imvuthu, konke okuvela njengomphumela wokuqeda.
Lezi zinhlobo zemfucuza zivela ngezigaba ezahlukene zenqubo yokwakha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, udoti uhlukaniswa ngokwezinto zokwakha:
- ihadiwe;
- izakhiwo zikakhonkolo;
- amabhlogo kakhonkolo aqinisiwe;
- ingilazi - eqinile, ephukile;
- ukhuni;
- izinto zokuxhumana, njll.
Izindlela zokusebenzisa kabusha nokulahla
Emazweni ahlukahlukene, imfucuza yokwakha iyalahlwa noma isetshenziswe kabusha ukuze isetshenziswe futhi. Izinto zokwakha azihlali zibuyiselwa esimeni sazo sokuqala. Ngokuya ngomkhiqizo, ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ezinye izinsiza. Isibonelo, ukuqiniswa kwensimbi, ukhonkolo ochotshoziwe utholakala kukhonkolo oqinisiwe, ozoba wusizo kwezinye izigaba zokwakha.
Kusuka kuyo yonke into equkethe ibitume, kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale i-bitumen-polymer mastic, i-bitumen-powder, isisindo esinamaminerali kanye nebitume. Ngemuva kwalokho, lezi zinto zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwakheni imigwaqo nokwenza izinto ezivikela imvelo.
Phambilini, imishini ekhethekile ibiqoqa imfucuza ezindaweni zokwakha, iyise ezindaweni zokulahla imfucuza bese iyilahla. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwakusetshenziswa abembi, ababegaya imfucumfucu futhi belinganise imfucumfucu, kwathi kamuva kwaphonswa omunye udoti kubo. Manje ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa imishini yesimanje. Kusetshenziswa izigaxa ezichotshozwa kusetshenziswa ama-shears wokubacindezela noma umshini onesando. Ngemuva kwalokho, kusetshenziswa isitshalo esigaywayo, esihlukanisa izinto ezingxenyeni ezifunwayo.
Njengoba unyaka nonyaka kuba nzima kakhulu ukucekela phansi imfucuza yokwakha, ivame ukuphinda yenziwe kabusha:
- qoqa;
- kuthuthelwa ezindaweni zokucubungula;
- hlunga;
- hlanza;
- lungiselela ukusetshenziswa okuqhubekayo.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni emazweni ahlukene
Emazweni aseNyakatho Melika naseYurophu, izindleko zokulahlwa kukadoti wokwakha ziphakeme kakhulu kunokulahlwa kwazo. Lokhu kugqugquzela izinkampani zokwakha ukuthi zingaqoqi udoti ezindaweni okulahlwa kuzo udoti, kodwa ukuthi zikusebenzise ukuthola izinto zokusetshenziswa zesibili. Esikhathini esizayo, ukusetshenziswa kwalezi zinto kuzonciphisa kakhulu isabelomali, ngoba izindleko zazo ziphansi kunezinto zokwakha ezintsha.
Ngenxa yalokhu, i-90% yemfucuza yokwakha iphinde isetshenziswe eSweden, eHolland naseDenmark. EJalimane, iziphathimandla zivimbele ukugcinwa kukadoti ezindaweni zokulahla udoti. Lokhu kwenza ukuthi kutholakale ukusetshenziswa kwemfucumfucu eyenziwe kabusha. Ingxenye ebalulekile yemfucuza yokwakha ibuyiselwa embonini yezokwakha.
Ukusetshenziswa kwesibili
Ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kuyisixazululo esisebenzayo senkinga yemfucuza yokwakha. Lapho kudilizwa izakhiwo, ubumba, itshe elichoboziwe, isihlabathi, izitini ezichotshoziwe zisetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokuhambisa amanzi nokulinganisa izindawo ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zinto zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ahlukene. Zibuye zisetshenziselwe ukwenza ukhonkolo. Ngokuya ngesimo sezakhiwo, zingasetshenziselwa ukulinganisa imigwaqo. Lokhu kucutshungulwa kwezinto kusebenza ikakhulukazi emazweni lapho kunezinkwali ezimbalwa zokukhishwa kwetshe.
Lapho kudilizwa izindlu, kuvame ukuthi kususwe umgandayo wetiyela. Esikhathini esizayo, isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwemigwaqo emisha, kokubili umgandayo uqobo, namabheji, imigoqo nemicamelo.
Ukutholakala kwemfucuza kabusha kungokulandelayo:
- ukonga imali ekuthengeni izinto ezintsha;
- ukunciphisa inani likadoti ezweni;
- ukunciphisa umthwalo emvelweni.
Umthethonqubo Wokuphathwa Kwemfucuza Yokwakha
ERussia, kunomthethonqubo wokuphathwa kwemfucuza yokwakha. Ithuthukisa ukuphepha kwemvelo futhi ivikela imvelo emiphumeleni eyingozi kadoti. Kulokhu, kugcinwa irekhodi lokulawulwa kwemfucuza:
- kuqoqwa malini;
- kwathunyelwa malini ukuze kusetshenzwe;
- umthamo wemfucuza osebenza kabusha;
- Ingabe ukwenziwa nokulahlwa kukadoti kwenziwa?
Ungazisingatha kanjani zonke izigaba zezinto zokwakha akumele zaziwe yizinkampani zokwakha kuphela, kodwa futhi nabantu abajwayelekile ababandakanyeka ekulungiseni nasekwakhiweni. Imvelo yeplanethi yethu incike ekulahlweni kukadoti wokwakha, ngakho-ke inani lawo kufanele lehliswe futhi, uma kungenzeka, lisetshenziswe kabusha.
