Indawo yesimo sezulu esipholile ikhona kuwo wonke amazwekazi eMhlaba, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. ENingizimu NaseNyakatho Nenkabazwe, banokunye okuthile okuhlukile. Ngokuvamile, ama-25% womhlaba anesimo sezulu esipholile. Okuphawuleka ngalesi simo sezulu ukuthi sinemvelo kuzo zonke izinkathi zonyaka, futhi izinkathi ezine zibonakala ngokusobala. Okuyinhloko amakhaza ashubisa umnkantsha nobusika obunesithwathwa, abesikhashana entwasahlobo nasekwindla.
Izikhathi ezishintshayo
Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla kakhulu lingaphansi kuka-zero degrees, ngokwesilinganiso -20 degrees Celsius, bese ubuncane behlela ku -50. Imvula iwa ngesimo seqhwa futhi imboze umhlaba ngongqimba olujiyile, oluhlala kusuka emasontweni ambalwa kuye ezinyangeni eziningana emazweni ahlukahlukene. Kuneziphepho eziningi.
Ihlobo ezindaweni ezifudumele liyashisa impela - izinga lokushisa lingaphezu kuka- +20 degrees Celsius, kanti kwezinye izindawo lize libe ngu- + 35 degrees. Isilinganiso semvula yaminyaka yonke ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene siyahluka ngamamilimitha angama-500 kuye kwangama-2000, kuya ngebanga elivela ezilwandle nasolwandle. Lina kakhulu ehlobo, kwesinye isikhathi lifinyelela kuma-750 mm ngesizini ngayinye. Ngesikhathi sonyaka wesikhashana, amazinga okushisa okususa nawokugcina angagcinwa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye izindawo zifudumele kakhulu, kanti ezinye zipholile. Kwezinye izifunda, ikwindla lina kakhulu.
Endaweni yesimo sezulu esipholile, amandla okushisa ashintshaniswa namanye ama-latitude unyaka wonke. Futhi, umhwamuko wamanzi ususwa oLwandlekazi Lomhlaba uye ezweni. Kunenqwaba yamachibi amakhulu ezwenikazi.
Ama-subtypes wesimo sezulu apholile
Ngenxa yethonya lezinto ezithile zesimo sezulu, kwakha ama-subspecies alandelayo endawo enesimo sezulu esipholile:
- zasolwandle - ihlobo alishisi kakhulu ngemvula eningi, kanti ubusika bumnene;
- monsoon - umbuso wesimo sezulu uncike ekusakazeni kwenqwaba yomoya, okungukuthi izilova;
- ukuguquka kusuka olwandle kuya ezwenikazi;
- kakhulu ezwekazini - ubusika bunzima futhi buyabanda, kanti ihlobo lifushane futhi alishisi kakhulu.
Izici zesimo sezulu esipholile
Esimweni sezulu esipholile, kwakhiwa izingxenye zemvelo ezahlukahlukene, kepha imvamisa amahlathi angama-coniferous, kanye namaqabunga abanzi, ahlanganisiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi kune-steppe. Izilwane zimelwe, ngokulandelana, ngabantu ngabanye bamahlathi nezintaba.
Ngakho-ke, isimo sezulu esipholile sihlanganisa iningi le-Eurasia neNyakatho Melika, e-Australia, e-Afrika naseNingizimu Melika imelwe yizikhungo eziningana. Le ndawo yesimo sezulu ekhetheke kakhulu, ehlukaniswa iqiniso lokuthi zonke izinkathi zonyaka zishiwo kuyo.
