Isikhumba sezinyoni, iGrebe, futhi ngisho nokuntywila - mangaki amagama omndeni wonke wezinyoni zamanzi, okwamanje okubandakanya izinhlobo eziyi-19! Ezinsukwini zakudala, izimpaphe zabo zazisetshenziswa "njengoboya", kanti inani lalezi zinyoni lalisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ngenhlanhla, lezi zikhathi zobuqaba sezihambile futhi manje akukho lutho olusongela izithiyo. Le nyoni yabizwa ngokuthi yisiphukuphuku ngesizathu.
I-Toadstool phakathi kwezinyoni ezake zaqothulwa ngumuntu ihlukaniswa nenyama enganambitheki, enuka kakhulu izinhlanzi, okwenza kungabi lula ukudla ama-grebe. Namuhla, uhlobo oluvame kakhulu isithupha esikhulu... Le nyoni iphinde yathola igama lokuntywila (ngekhono layo lokuntywila ekujuleni okukhulu).
Esithombeni, inyoni iyi-grebe enkulu
Izici nendawo yokuhlala
Izindlezane yizinyoni ezikhanyayo ezinomlomo omude, obukhali nomzimba onomusa. Intamo yabo, isifuba nesisu kumhlophe, ngemuva kunsundu, kuthi izinhlangothi zibomvu. Ngokuphawulekayo, ubulili benyoni abuthinti izimpaphe zayo futhi ngaphandle bobabili abesilisa bayefana. Amachwane anombala onsundu ngokumpunga, okuwasiza ukuzifihla ngokuphelele emhlangeni, lapho amaGrebes ajwayele ukufihla khona amazinyane awo.
Izinyoni ezisencane zihlala zingabonakali futhi zibe mpunga kuze kufike isikhathi sokuqala sokukhwelana, lapho izimpaphe zazo ekugcineni ziqhakaza. Izindlezane azikhululeki kahle emhlabeni ngenxa yokwakheka kwemilenze yazo, ebuyiselwa emuva ngamandla, ngakho zihamba ngobunzima obukhulu. Noma kunjalo, lesi sici sibenza babhukude kakhulu.
Esithombeni i-toadstool enentamo ebomvu
Umndeni kaPogankov uqoqe ngokwawo izinyoni ezihluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-grebe enkulu enesisindo ifinyelela ku-1.5 kg, futhi ubude bomzimba wayo bungancintisana nobude bedada - cishe amasentimitha angama-51. i-grebe encane iyinyoni, incane ngokumangazayo, ngoba isisindo sayo asidluli ku-150 amagremu.
Indawo okuhlala kuyo iChomga yi-Central Europe, Asia, South America, ezinye izifunda ze-Afrika kanye ne-Australia kanye neNew Zealand. Ukutshuza kuyasebenza kungakhathalekile ukuthi isikhathi sini. Lezi yizinyoni ezizimele zodwa futhi zihlangana ngamaqembu kuphela ngesikhathi sokudlela noma lapho kubanda khona.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
Izinyoni zezinyoni, isithombe abathwebuli bezithombe abathanda ukukwenza kakhulu, yizinyoni zasemanzini futhi zingatholakala cishe yonke indawo. Amachibi anamanzi angenasawoti, amaxhaphozi, amachibi yizindawo zawo ezizithandayo.
Esithombeni, inyoni iyi-grebe encane
Ukuntywila abantu bathanda ukuhlala ezindaweni lapho ugu lugcwele khona umhlanga noma olunye uhlaza oluminyene. Ama-toadstools akhetha ubusika eningizimu, uma ehlobo bahlala enyakatho, ngakho-ke ukudilika kuyizinyoni ezifudukayo. Ukuze isidleke, uChomgi ubuyela eduze nenyakatho ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari futhi kuphela ekwindla ngasekupheleni lapho bezama khona ukushiya indawo yokwakha izidleke futhi bandizele eningizimu.
Ngesikhathi sokufuduka, amaGrebes anamathela emiseleni yemifula emikhulu. Zihlala zodwa noma ngemihlambi emincane enabantu abangafika kwabayisikhombisa kuya kwayisishiyagalombili, kaningi ngababili. Izwi le-grebe linamandla, likhanya, futhi linokhahlo. Wenza imisindo ekhwashazayo: "krooo", kanye ne- "kuek-kuek".
Lalela izwi lesithupha
Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi le nyoni yethiwa ngokuthi i-dive, ngoba iyabhukuda futhi icwile kahle. Lapho isondla, i-grebe icwila kumasekhondi angu-30-40, noma kunjalo, uma kunengozi, ingachitha imizuzu engaphansi kwemithathu ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Uhamba ngaphansi kwamanzi kuphela ngosizo lwemilenze yakhe. Ingasuka kuphela emanzini nokusuka okukhulu, indiza ngokushesha futhi kulayini oqondile. Impilo yonke yesithabathaba senzeka emanzini, noma lapho indiza. Emhlabeni, noma iyiphi inyoni evela ku-toadstools inzima kakhulu, iyadonsa futhi inobunzima obukhulu.
Ukudla
Ama-Grebes ahlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu: amanye adla izinhlanzi, lawo akhetha ama-arthropods. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zamathanjana adla izinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo, ezinkulu iselendle, inyoni njenge-grebe encane, ikhetha ama-crustaceans noma ama-molluscs, kanye nezinambuzane nezibungu zazo. Izindle ezinkulu zingagwinya izinhlanzi ezifika ku-20-25 cm ubude. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi kanye nama-arthropods, ama-grebes athanda kakhulu ukudla iminenke yamanzi, amaxoxo, onoshobishobi.
Ezinambuzane, kukhethwa ojekamanzi, izimbungulu, izimpukane zamatshe, namabhungane. Inyoni yomndeni wezinyoni Akazideleli izitshalo, amatshe, ngisho nezimpaphe zakhe. Izimpaphe zeCrested Grebe zidliwa kuphela ukuvikela isisu emathanjeni abukhali enhlanzi. Izimpaphe zimboza amathambo nokunye ukudla okungenakudleka, futhi le nyoni ikubuyisela emuva konke kube yizigaxa.
Ngenkathi ufuna ukudla, ukuntywila kucwiliswa ngokuphelele emanzini ukuze ubheke phansi. Lezi zidalwa ezimangalisayo zingangena emanzini angama-25! Ngaphansi kwamanzi, ukutshuza kuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu kunasemanzini, ngakho-ke akunzima ukuthi inyoni ibhukude ngaphansi kwamanzi amashumi amamitha ambalwa.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Toadstools akha ngazimbili iningi labo elinomfazi oyedwa. Umdanso wokukhwelana wezinhlobo ezinkulu zezinyoni uyinkimbinkimbi futhi uyamangalisa. Ozakwethu bahamba ngokuvumelanayo futhi ukunyakaza kwabo kufana nomdanso wangempela. Ezinye izinhlobo zishintshanisa izimila zasolwandle ngemuva kwesiko elinjalo, kanti ezinye ziqeda umdanso ngokufaka emanzini.
Izinyoni zikhwelana kuphela ogwini bese zikhetha indawo yokwakha isidleke esizayo futhi ziyigade ngokucophelela. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zezinyoni zakha izidleke eduze kwezimbungulu namadada futhi zizwana kahle eduze kwazo. Ezindaweni ezinjalo, ama-gull namadada adlala indima ebalulekile kuma-grebe, ebaxwayisa ngezitha ezizayo.
Okufanekisiwe isidleke sezinyoni
Isikhunta samanzi ngisho isidleke siyantanta. Namathisela isidleke se-grebe esiqhekekile emhlangeni noma kwezinye izimila ezilungele lokhu. Ububanzi besidleke bungafika ku-50 cm nangaphezulu.Izinsikazi zezinsikazi zingabeka amaqanda angafika kwangu-7, okungathi, ngokuya ngohlobo lwenyoni, angaba mhlophe, aphuzi noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Amaqanda ezinyoni mancane futhi, okungenani, enza cishe u-5% wesisindo senyoni esikhulile. Izinhlobo ezincane zamaGrebes zinesikhathi sokuchanyuselwa amaqubu afinyelela kwamathathu, amakhulu amakhulu abamba imigoqo emibili, futhi imvamisa eyodwa. Kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30 ukufukamela amaqanda. Uma iselesele lishiya isidleke, lisimboza ngezitshalo, ezifihla isidleke ezitheni.
Ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa, amaphuphu acasha emhlane kanina bese eyeka insikazi iqede inqubo yokuchanyuselwa. Eyeduna nayo inethuba lokondla amaphuphu asevele echanyuselwe. Amachwane achitha emihlane yabazali bawo kuze kube yizinsuku ezingama-80, kuze kube ngumzuzu lapho iphuphu selizimela ngokuphelele kubazali.
Bahlela izimpi zokudla futhi imvamisa akuzona zonke izinkukhu ezisinda. Cishe uhhafu wamachwane achanyuselwe uyafa ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingama-20-30 emva kokuba ezelwe. Isikhathi sokuphila sezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-grebe sehlukile futhi, kuya ngosayizi nendawo okuhlala kuyo, yehluka kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kwengama-30.
