UShaka ungumhlali wasolwandle oyingozi kakhulu ongalimaza impilo yomuntu. Umzingeli uhlala emanzini olwandle nasolwandle. Ungahlangana nabamele izilwane ezinomgogodla cishe kuwo wonke amanzi anosawoti oLwandlekazi Lomhlaba, kodwa kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ezingakulimazi ukujwayelana nabamele abagqamile kulo mndeni.
Izici ezijwayelekile zoshaka
Oshaka bahlukaniswe ngamaqembu ayisishiyagalombili. Sekukonke, namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingama-450 zezilwane ezidlayo, kodwa abacwaningi bathi kukhona nabanye abameleli balo mndeni abangaziwa ngabantu.
Izinhlobonhlobo zoshaka zikhulu kakhulu kangangokuba inhlanzi encane kunazo zonke ikhula ize ifike kuma-20 cm, kanti enkulu kunazo zonke ingafinyelela kumamitha angama-20. Noma kunjalo, wonke ama-vertebrate anezici eziningi ezifanayo: oshaka abanaso iswibdi lokudada, baphefumula umoya-mpilo ongena emigodini, futhi izilwane zasolwandle zinephunga elihle kakhulu elizivumela ukuthi zizwe igazi lesisulu ebangeni lamakhilomitha ambalwa. Futhi, zonke izinhlanzi zinamathambo ahlukile anezicubu ze-cartilage.
Amaqembu kashaka
Ngeshwa, izinhlobo eziningi zoshaka seziphelile, futhi imininingwane ngazo ilahlekile ngokungenathemba. Namuhla, kunamaqembu ayisishiyagalombili abadlayo:
- efana ne-karharin;
- okuxubene namazinyo noma izinkomo (ezinezimpondo);
- okwenziwe nge-polygill;
- okwenziwe nge-lam;
- kufana ne-wobbegong;
- i-pylonose;
- katraniform noma prickly;
- abamele imizimba eyisicaba.
Enombolweni enkulu yezinhlanzi, akubona bonke abayizilwane ezidla ezinye. Izinhlobo ezintathu zikashaka zidla eplankton. Kukhona futhi labo abamele ama-vertebrate ahlala emanzini ahlanzekile.
Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zoshaka
Ungahlangana nezilwane eziyingozi e-Atlantic, Pacific, Indian Ocean, nasezilwandle iMedithera, Red kanye neCaribbean. Izilwane zasolwandle ezingavamile kakhulu yilezi:
I-tiger shark
I-tiger noma ingwe shark - ingezilwane ezidla kakhulu ezihahayo, ubude bezinhlanzi obungu-5.5 m. Isici esivelele sabakhileyo basolwandle iphethini yengwe etholakala emzimbeni wonke.
Ushaka we-Hammerhead
IHammerhead shark ngushaka oyingqayizivele onokhakhayi ngaphambili. Umzingeli udala ukuvela kwenhlanzi enkulu futhi engajwayelekile. Abantu abadala bakhula bafike ku-6.1 m. Izinhlanzi zithanda ukuzitika ngama-seahorses, ama-stingray kanye nama-stingray.
Ushaka kasilika
Usilika noma ushaka waseFlorida - unombala ongajwayelekile ompunga nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onombala wensimbi. Umkhawulo wobude bomzimba womzingeli ngu-3.5 m.
Ushaka obuthuntu
Ushaka obuthuntu ungenye yezinhlanzi ezinolaka kakhulu. Kweminye imithombo, umhlaseli ubizwa nge-bull shark. Umhlali wasolwandle uhlala eNdiya nase-Afrika. Isici senhlanzi yikhono lokuzivumelanisa namanzi ahlanzekile.
Ushaka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
I-Blue shark - ibhekwa njengenhlanzi esondele kakhulu kubantu, njengoba ivame ukubhukuda iye ogwini. Umzingeli unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomzimba omncane kakhulu futhi uvame ukukhula ube ngu-3.8 m.
Ushaka wedube
I-Zebra shark - ihlukaniswa ngombala ongajwayelekile ngesimo semivimbo ensundu emzimbeni okhanyayo. Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi aziyona ingozi kubantu. Ushaka uhlala eduze kwaseChina, Japan nase-Australia.
Ushaka wesigqoko sokuzivikela
Isigqoko soshaka singesinye sezinhlobo zezilwane ezizingelayo ezingavamile. Ingaphezulu lomzimba wezinhlanzi limbozwe ngamazinyo, umbala uboniswa ngamabala amnyama ngemuva kokukhanya. Abantu abadala bakhula babe yimitha elilodwa ubude.
Ushaka waseMozambiki
Ushaka waseMozambiki ufishi onsundu ngokubomvu onamachashaza amhlophe emzimbeni wakhe. Umhlali wasolwandle uhlala eMozambique, eSomalia naseYemen, ukhula aze afike kuma-60 cm.
Sevengill ushaka
I-gill eyisikhombisa noma ushaka oqonde ngqo - unesimo esinolaka nombala womlotha. Inhlanzi inekhanda elincane futhi ikhula ize ifike ku-120 cm.
Ushaka othosiwe
Ushaka othosiwe noma okhubazekile uyimpilo yasolwandle eyingqayizivele ekwazi ukugoba umzimba wayo njengenyoka. Umzingeli unomzimba ovulekile ompunga, ofinyelela ku-2 m namasaka amaningi esikhumba.
Fox shark
I-Fox shark - inejubane elikhulu lokunyakaza kanye nenkaba ende ende yomsila. Lesi sakamuva siphumelela ngokumangaza isisulu. Ubude bezinhlanzi bufinyelela kumamitha amane.
Ushaka kasanda
I-sand shark - inekhala le-snub nomzimba omkhulu. Ukhetha izilwandle ezishisayo nezipholile. Ubude obujwayelekile bomuntu bungu-3.7 m.
Ushaka wamakhala omnyama
Shark-mako noma black-snout - umhlaseli ungenye yezikhali ezibulala kakhulu. Ubude bezinhlanzi obungu-4 m, ijubane lokuhamba liyamangalisa.
Ushaka weGoblin
I-Goblin shark noma i-brownie (ubhejane) - lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lubizwa njengabafokazi. Oshaka banempumulo engavamile, efana nama-platypus. Laba bantu abasolwandle olujulile bakhula baze bafike kumitha elilodwa.
Whale shark
I-whale shark iyisidlakela sangempela solwandle esinombala omangalisayo nomusa. Ubude obukhulu bokuhlala olwandle ngamamitha angama-20. Izinhlanzi zalolu hlobo azithandi amanzi abandayo futhi aziyona ingozi kubantu, yize besatshiswa ubukhulu babo. Ukudla okuyinhloko koshaka ama-crayfish nama-molluscs.
I-Carpal iyabhegong
I-wobbegong uhlobo olukhethekile lukashaka olungafani "nabafowabo" balo. Inhlanzi ifihlwe ngokuphelele ngenxa yesimo somzimba oyisicaba kanye nezidwedwe eziningi embozwe ngazo. Ngokubukeka kwazo, kunzima kakhulu ukubona amehlo namaphiko wesilwane.
I-pylon enekhala elifushane
Ama-pilonos amfishane - inhlanzi inomzimba ompunga-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka onesisu esilula. Isici esivelele sesilwane ukuphuma kwamazinyo, okwakha ingxenye yesithathu yobude bomzimba obuphelele. Ngosizo lwesikhali esiyingqayizivele, ushaka ulimaza izisulu zawo.
I-Pilonos-gnome
Ama-gnome pilonos angenye yezinhlanzi ezincane kunazo zonke zalolu hlobo, ubude bawo obungadluli ku-60 cm.
ISilt Silt - inenhloko ekhonjiwe, umzimba onsundu okhanyayo. Umhlali wasolwandle akalona usongo kubantu.
Usilika osindayo - umnikazi wesifuba esikhulu. Lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi luthanda ukuba ekujuleni okukhulu.
Ama-squatins
Oshaka abanemafulethi noma ama-squatins - lolu hlobo lwezinhlanzi lufana kakhulu nama-stingray esimweni nasendleleni yokuphila. Ohlala olwandle uncamela ukuzingela ebusuku, kodwa emini uzingcwaba ngodaka. Abanye abantu babiza oshaka ngesihlabathi ngamademoni.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zohlobo lukashaka. Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zithonywe indawo yokuhlala kanye nendlela yokuphila.
Ezinye izinhlobo zikashaka
Ngaphezu kwezinhlobo zikashaka eziyinhloko, ezifundwe kahle, kukhona nezilwane ezidla kancane ezingaziwa, kufaka phakathi ulamula, imbudumbudu, amaphiko amade, ulwandle, u-feline, i-marten, isobho, i-herring, i-largemouth, ukhaphethi noshaka bendawo. Futhi emanzini olwandle kunezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezidlayo ezibizwa ngokuthi i-nurse shark.
Futhi-ke, ushaka omhlophe
