Ama-seagull angomndeni wezinyoni zaseLaridae. Ezinhlotsheni ezingaba ngu-50, zimbalwa kuphela ezikhawulela ububanzi bazo ogwini lolwandle. Izinyoni eziningi zithathe umkhuba wokulahla udoti, amasimu noma izitolo lapho kudla khona amanzi namanzi amaningi.
Incazelo ye-seagull
Abaqaphi bezinyoni bahlonza izinhlobo zezinambuzane ngoku:
- ifomu
- usayizi;
- umbala;
- indawo yokuhlala.
Kunzima ukuthola ukuthi intshontsho elisencane lingelohlobo lwezinhlwathi yini, ngoba zinemibala namaphethini ahlukile ezimpaphe kunezihlobo zazo ezindala. Njengomthetho, izilwane ezincane zikhombisa ama-beige shades ngokuhlanganiswa kwegrey. Kuthatha iminyaka emibili kuya kwemine ukuthi izinhlwathi zikhule izimpaphe ezimhlophe, ezimpunga noma ezimnyama.
Umbala wePaw ungenye yethuluzi lokuhlonza i-gull. Izinyoni ezinkulu ezinemilenze nezinyawo ezibomvana. Izinyoni eziphakathi nendawo zinemilenze ephuzi. Ama-gull amancane anemilenze ebomvu noma emnyama.
Izinhlobo zasolwandle ezihlala kude neRussia
I-seagull yaseGalapagos
Umhlanga waseMongolia
I-Delaware gull
Ingwevu enamaphiko empunga
I-California gull
Intshontsho laseNtshonalanga
Inhlanzi yasolwandle kaFranklin
I-Aztec gull
Ingulube yase-Armenia (Sevan herring)
I-Seagull yaseThayer
Inkungu yaseDominican
Inhlanzi yasePacific
Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-gull eRussia Federation
Ingquza enekhanda elimnyama
Inxani encane yase-Ivory enekhanda elimnyama ngokwengxenye, ama-crescent amhlophe ngaphezulu / ngezansi kwamehlo, nomhlane ompunga omhlophe. Umlomo obomvu. Izeluleko nezisekelo zezimpaphe zephiko zimnyama. Izitezi ziyefana. Abantu abadala abangazalisi abanalo uphawu olumnyama ngemuva kwamehlo nethiphu elimnyama emlonyeni. Izinyoni ezincane ziyefana nezinyoni ezindala ezimpapheni zasebusika, kepha zinamaphiko amnyama nemisila enesihloko esimnyama.
Ingquza encane
Inyoni lencane kakhulu emndenini, inemtimba longenhla lolelimphunga kanye nephaphu lelimhlophe, intamo, sifuba, sisu kanye nemsila. Ikhanda eliya phezulu entanyeni limnyama. Izinto zangaphansi zimnyama. Umlomo ubomvu ngokubomvu ngethiphu emnyama. Ama-paw nezinyawo kubomvu-orange. Le nyoni indiza ngokushesha, yenze amaphiko ayo ajulile.
I-seagull yaseMedithera
I-Great Ivory Gull enezimpaphe ezimpunga ngokukhanyayo emzimbeni ongenhla, indawo ebomvu emlonyeni ogqamile ophuzi, imilenze nezinyawo eziphuzi. Umsila umhlophe. Izulazula ogwini ifuna ukudla noma yenze ama-dives angajulile ngokudla, yebela abantu ukudla noma iqoqe ezindaweni zokulahla udoti. Iyandiza, yenze amaphiko ayo aqinile. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba yiqhwa kusetshenziswa imisinga yomoya.
Ingquza enekhanda elimnyama
I-seagull enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Ikhanda elimhlophe, phezulu okumnyama, phansi okumhlophe komzimba, uqhwaku olukhulu oluphuzi olunendawo enombala obomvu engxenyeni engezansi, amehlo aphaphathekile anendandatho ebomvu ebomvu, izidladla ezibomvana, izinyawo. Indiza inamandla ngamabhithi ajulile, aphansi.
Ijuba lasolwandle
I-seagull inikezwe umumo oyingqayizivele:
- uqhwaku olude nolunomusa ngokumangazayo;
- ibunzi eliphansi;
- iris ephaphathekile;
- Intamo ende;
- ukungabi khona kwezimpaphe ezimnyama ekhanda.
Ezimpapheni phakathi nenkathi yokuzalanisa, kuvela amabala abomvana ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba. Lezi zinhlobo zazihlala ogwini loLwandle Olumnyama, kodwa zathuthela entshonalanga yeMedithera ngawo-1960.
I-Herring gull
Le yinhlanzi yasolwandle enkulu ene:
- emuva okumpunga;
- amaphiko amnyama;
- ikhanda elimhlophe, intamo, isifuba, umsila nomzimba ongezansi.
Umlomo uphuzi ngombala obomvu eduze kwethiphu, izidladla zibomvana. Ukudla kufaka:
- ezingenamgogodla zasolwandle;
- inhlanzi;
- izinambuzane.
Indiza inamandla, yenza amaphiko ajulile amaphiko, ikhuphuka ekushiseni nasekuvuseleleni izinto. Abesilisa bakhulu kunabesifazane, phansi kunezimpaphe ezifanayo.
Broody
I-seagull esesilinganisweni esiphakathi nomhlane namaphiko amnyama grey. Ikhanda, intamo nomzimba ongezansi, isifuba nomsila kumhlophe. Uqhwaku luphuzi ngendawo ebomvu eduze kwethiphu. Izimpiko zinezeluleko ezimnyama ezinamabala amhlophe, kanti imilenze nezinyawo ziphuzi. Amehlo aphuzi ngezindandatho ezibomvu ze-orbital.
I-Steppe gull (Gull)
Inyoni enkulu eyisiqu esinomzimba ophansi ongwevu ophuzi nomzimba ongezansi omhlophe. Ikhanda limnyama futhi libukeka likhonjiwe. Umlomo omkhulu ubomvu we-coral, izinhlangothi ezingezansi zamaphiko okundiza zimpunga, umsila omhlophe omfushane ufakwe imfoloko kancane, imilenze imnyama. Indiza iyashesha, iyashesha futhi inomusa. Ukuhambisa phezulu kwamanzi ngaphambi kokuntywila. Idla kakhulu izinhlanzi. Izitezi ziyefana.
Ingwengwezi yePolar
Inxanxathela enkulu, emhlophe enomhlana okhanyayo, oparele grey namaphiko. Uqhwaku luphuzi futhi lunebala elibomvu ekugcineni kwengxenye engezansi. Amathiphu ephiko aphaphathekile kuye kokumpunga okumnyama. Umsila umhlophe, imilenze nezinyawo ziphinki. Iyandiza, yenza izimpiko zayo ezijulile eziqinile.
Inhlanzi yasolwandle
I-seagull enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni ene:
- ikhanda elimhlophe;
- umzimba ongenhla omnyama;
- isisu esimhlophe;
- umlomo omkhulu ophuzi onendawo ebomvu phansi;
- amehlo aphaphathekile anendandatho ebomvu ebomvu;
- izidladla ezibomvana nezinyawo.
Lapho indiza ngamandla, yenza amaphiko ayo ajule, ahambe kancane.
Okumhlophe okumpunga
Izinyoni zinamaphansi amhlophe, imihlane eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, namaphiko anezeluleko ezimnyama. Ama-paw kanye noqhwaku kunombala oluhlaza okotshani. Ama-irises anombala onsundu ngokumpunga, azungezwe yindandatho yamehlo abomvu (izinyoni esezikhulile) noma ansundu ngombala wendandatho yamehlo ansundu ngokusawolintshi (izinyoni ezincane).
Insila emnyama
Inyoni enkulu ene:
- ikhanda elimhlophe, intamo, isifuba nezitho ezingezansi zomzimba;
- amalahle ampunga amaphiko amade nangemuva;
- umlomo omkhulu ophuzi onendandatho emnyama ngaphezulu kwethiphu ebomvu;
- amehlo aphuzi aphuzi anendandatho ebomvu ye-orbital;
- mfushane ngezidladla eziphuzi nezinyawo;
- umsila omuhle omnyama omnyama onomphetho omhlophe.
Ingulube enomsila
Inyoni encane nge
- grey emuva;
- umhlophe ngemuva kwekhanda nomzimba ongezansi.
Ikhanda eliseduze noqhwaku limnyama, indandatho ezungeze amehlo ibomvu tebhu. Uqhwaku lumnyama ngethiphu ephuzi, imilenze nezinyawo kumnyama. Iphiko eliphezulu limpunga ngezimpaphe ezimnyama zamabanga aphansi namhlophe. Umsila uhlukaniswa kabili lapho ugoqiwe.
I-kittiwake ejwayelekile
I-Ivory gull iphakathi nendawo ngosayizi, izimpaphe zangemuva nangaphezulu zinempunga ephaphathekile, amathiphu ephiko amnyama. Umlomo uphuzi, imilenze nezinyawo kumnyama. Indiza ngokushesha, ngomusa, ishintshanisa izingcosana ezimbalwa ezisheshayo ezinamaphiko akhuphuka. Izula ngaphezu kwamanzi ngaphambi kokuntywila inyamazane ngaphezulu. Idla ama-invertebrate asolwandle, ama-plankton nezinhlanzi. Izitezi zibukeka zifana.
Iziketi ezibomvu ezinyaweni ezibomvu
Ingwengwe encane yase-Ivory enomhlane namaphiko ampunga ngamathiphu amnyama, uqhwaku oluncane oluphuzi nemilenze ebomvu ngokugqamile. Idla izinhlanzi ezincane, i-squid ne-zooplankton yasolwandle.
