Njengezimpungushe nokhozi, izikhova ziyizinyoni ezidla inyama, ezinamazipho abukhali nemilomo egobile zona:
- ukuzingela;
- bulala;
- udle ezinye izilwane.
Kepha izikhova zehlukile kokhozi nokhozi. Izikhova zine:
- amakhanda amakhulu;
- izidumbu ezinesithukuthezi;
- izimpaphe ezithambile;
- imisila emifushane;
- intamo ijikisa ikhanda ngama-270 °.
Amehlo esikhova abheke phambili. Izinhlobo eziningi ziyasebenza ebusuku kunasemini.
Izikhova zingaphansi kweqembu leStrigiformes, elihlukaniswe imindeni emibili ngokwendlela yengxenye engaphambili yekhanda:
- eTytonidae ifana nenhliziyo;
- eStrigidae iyindilinga.
Emhlabeni, cishe izinhlobo ezingama-250 zezikhova zihlala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica, izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10 kuphela ezikhona eRussia.
Izikhova ezidume kakhulu
Scops isikhova
Ngenxa yezimpaphe zayo, ayibonakali ezihlahleni emini. Umbala osukela kokumpunga kuya konsundu nokubomvu. Ngemuva kunamabala amhlophe, amahlombe anombala ophuzi ngokumpunga, kunekhola emhlophe entanyeni, umsila umpunga, unemithambo emnyama nokumnyama, enemigqa emhlophe engu-4-5. Ekhanda, izinhlayiya ezimbili zezindlebe ezimpunga ziyabonakala ezinhlangothini zomqhele. Amehlo aphuzi, uqhwaku lunombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ama-paw nezinyawo nsundu ngokubomvu ngokubomvu.
Isikhova esimnyama
Izinyoni zinomzimba ongaphezulu onsundu onsundu, iqolo elinsundu ngokubomvu ngezansi. Ikhanda nengxenye engenhla yentamo kumnyama bhuqe, kucishe kube mnyama. Amachashazi amaningi amhlophe anemiphetho emnyama amboza ngemuva, enwebeka ngaphambili komqhele. Izindwani zamahlombe zimhlophe ngemivimbo ensundu emnyama. Azikho izicucu zezindlebe ekhanda. Uqhwaku lumnyama luhlaza okotshani. Amehlo ansundu.
Isikhova
Yena:
- umzimba emgqonyeni emgqonyeni;
- amehlo amakhulu;
- izicucu ezivelayo zendlebe azimile.
Umzimba ophezulu ungumbala onsundu kokumnyama nophuzi ngombala onsundu, umphimbo umhlophe. Amabala amnyama ngemuva. Iphethini enemigqa ngemuva nasezinhlangothini zentamo, izindawo eziminyene ekhanda. Ingxenye yangaphandle yediski lobuso obuyisicaba obumpunga ifreyimu enamabala amnyama nsundu. Umsila unombala onsundu. Uqhwaku nezinzipho kumnyama. Izinyawo nezinzwani zinezimpaphe ngokuphelele. Umbala wamehlo kusuka ku-orange ophuzi ngokukhanyayo kuya ku-orange omnyama (kuya ngama-subspecies).
Isikhova Esincane
Isikhova esikhulu sinekhanda eliyindilinga elibushelelezi futhi alinazo izicucu zezindlebe. Umzimba unezimpaphe eziminyene ezidladleni. Izinyoni ezimhlophe zinamabala amnyama noma ansundu emzimbeni nasemaphikweni azo. Kwabesifazane, amabala ajwayelekile kakhulu. Abesilisa bakhulile futhi abamhlophe ngokweminyaka. Amehlo aphuzi.
Isikhova seBarn
Unediski lobuso elimhlophe, elimise okwenhliziyo nesifuba esimhlophe esinamabala amancane ansundu. Ingemuva kunsundu ngokuphuzi namabala amnyama nokumhlophe. Abesilisa nabesifazane bayafana ngombala, kepha abesifazane bakhulu, baba mnyama futhi bayabonakala.
Isikhova senhlanzi
Umzimba ongenhla ubomvu ngokubomvu unamabala amnyama nemithambo. Umphimbo umhlophe. Ngaphansi komzimba kunombala ophuzi ngokubomvu ngokubomvu nemivimbo emnyama. Amathanga aphezulu kanye nama-fenders ayakhanya kakhulu. Idiski yobuso ayivelele, nsundu ngokubomvu. Inhloko kanye ne-nape inezimpaphe ezinde, okunikeza ukubukeka okuthe nhlo. Azikho izicucu zezindlebe. Amehlo ansundu. Ngaphansi kwezidladla akunalutho futhi kunombala okhanyayo ngombala, ematheni kukhona ama-spicule asiza ukubamba nokubamba izinhlanzi.
Isikhova esikhuphukile
Izimpiko ezinde eziyindilinga ziyahlangana ngemuva lapho inyoni ihlala phansi. Umbala womzimba umpunga onsundu ngemithambo eqondile. Amabala akhanyayo kudiski yobuso ayafana namashiya, indawo emhlophe itholakala ngaphansi komlomo omnyama, amehlo anombala osawolintshi noma ophuzi, izidladla nezinzwane zimbozwe izimpaphe. Izinduku ezinde ezimnyama zibukeka njengezindlebe, kodwa ziyizimpaphe nje.
Isikhova SoKlebe
Inyoni yehlathi elibora iziphatha oklebe, kepha ibukeka njengesikhova. Umzimba ovundlile, amehlo aphuzi nediski yobuso eyindilinga, enefreyimu yombuthano omnyama, acishe afane nesikhova. Kodwa-ke, umsila omude nomkhuba wokuhlala ezihlahleni ezizimele nokuzingela emini kukhumbuza uklebe.
Isikhova sokhozi
Idiski lobuso linemivimbo eminingi emincane, emhlophe, nethambile. Amehlo aphuzi ngokukhanyayo anendawo emnyama encane ezungezile. I-wax inombala oluhlaza okotshani noma onsundu ngokuluhlaza okotshani, uqhwaku lumnyama-buluhlaza ngethiphu ekhanyayo. Kunebala elimhlophe esiphongweni. Umqhele no-nape bansundu kashokoledi nge-ocher emthende engacwebezeli.
Ingemuva, ingubo yokugqoka namaphiko kukhona nsundu kashokoledi okuqinile. Umsila mude, onsundu ngokumnyama nethiphu elimhlophe, unemigqa ebanzi ngombala onsundu ngokumpunga. Izinzwani ezinophaphe, ezinamabhantshi noma ezicwebezelayo, luhlaza okotshani.
Isikhova esinamalebe amafushane
Isikhova
Idiski yobuso ayicaci. Umsila unombala onsundu ngemithende emhlophe emhlophe noma ephaphathekile. Iminwe iba mpunga ngokunsundu, ibristly, izipikili zi-horny-mnyama nezeluleko ezimnyama.
Isikhova sondlunkulu
Idiski yobuso engacacile, nsundu ngokumpunga ngombala onemigqa eminingana emnyama. Amashiya amhlophe, amehlo aphuzi. I-wax impunga, uqhwaku luphuzi-lubomvu.
Umzimba ophezulu ungumbala onsundu kashokolethi noma onsundu ngokumpunga, unamabala amancane amhlophe asakhilimu emqhele, ngemuva kanye nengubo enamachashazi amancane amhlophe eduze komphetho ongezansi wezimpaphe. Ngemuva kwekhanda kunamehlo amanga (ubuso be-occipital), obuqukethe izindawo ezimbili ezinkulu ezimnyama ezizungezwe yimibuthano emhlophe.
Umphimbo nomzimba ongezansi zimhlophe, zinamabala ansundu ezinhlangothini zesifuba, imigqa ensundu isuka emphinjeni iye esiswini. ITarsus kanye nesisekelo sezinzwani eziphuzi kumhlophe mhlophe noma nsundu. Izipho ezinamathiphu amnyama.
I-Upland Owl
Isikhova esinesikwele sobuso esimhlophe, esimhlophe sizungezwe usebe olumnyama olunamabala amancane amhlophe. Indawo encane emnyama phakathi kwamehlo nesisekelo somlomo. Amehlo aphaphathekile aphuzi ngokugqamile. I-wax nomlomo kunombala ophuzi.
Isikhova esincane
Idiski yobuso ayicacile, iba nsundu ngokunsundu ngamabala akhanyayo namashiya amhlophe. Amehlo kusuka kokumpunga ophuzi kuya ophuzi okhanyayo, i-wax yomnqumo mpunga, uqhwaku kusuka ku-grey-green kuya ophuzi-mpunga. Ibunzi nomqhele kunemishwe futhi kumhlophe. Umzimba ophezulu ungumbala onsundu onsundu futhi unamabala amaningi amhlophe. Umphimbo onekhola elincane elinsundu ezansi. Izinzwane zinombala onsundu onsundu ngokugqamile, ubristry, izinzipho zi-horny amnyama ngamathiphu amnyama.
