Ukuba khona kwedamu lasekhaya elinezitshalo zangempela kukuvumela ukuthi ulethe ubungqabavu bemvelo efulethini. Yiqiniso, ukutshala izitshalo kuyibhizinisi elibalulekile. Kudinga ukwenziwa kwe-microclimate ekhethekile. Ukwenza i-aquarium ibukeke njengomsebenzi wangempela wobuciko, hhayi nje indawo yamanzi enamagatsha amancane atshalwe ezitshalweni ezingaphansi kwamanzi, kuyadingeka ukuthi ufunde izincwadi futhi ulungise yonke into oyenzayo. Ezinye izitshalo zidinga izidakamizwa ezibizayo kanye nehadiwe ekhethekile.
Ama-Aquarists alwela ukwenza i-aquarium yawo ihluke, ngakho-ke izakhamuzi nezitshalo eziningi ziyavela emakethe. Ngemva kwesikhathi eside, kwakukhona ukuxazulula abameleli beqembu lasendulo kakhulu, ama-moss, echibini.
Ubulembu be-Aquarium bungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu:
- I-Anthocerotophyta
- UBryophyta
- I-Marchantiophyta
I-Moss e-aquarium isitshalo esiphakeme, njengezitshalo zemithambo yegazi. Kepha, naphezu kokufana kwesakhiwo, basabizwa njalo ngokuthi umnyango ozimele. Amanye ama-aquarists asekhaya akhetha ubulembu bangempela, abanye bakhetha ukubhukuda kwesibindi.
Buhlelwa kanjani ubulembu
I-Moss ibhekwa njengesitshalo esihle sokuhlelwa komhlaba kwe-aquarium ngenxa yepulasitiki yayo. Iyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iziphi izimo zamanzi nezimo zokukhanyisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhula kancane, okusho ukuthi igcina ukubukeka okusha nokucocekile isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nezitshalo eziningi zasemanzini, ama-aquarium mosses awadingi ukondliwa okwengeziwe noma ukukhanyiswa.
Ukutshala ubulembu ku-aquarium kulula kakhulu ngoba bonke ubulembu abunalo uhlelo lwempande. Zinamathisela ngaphezulu kwe-substrate, evumela ukuthi isitshalo sikwazi ukusuka kwenye indawo siye kwenye ngaphandle kobunzima noma ukulimala. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukuhlukanisa i-substrate kusuka kwesihenqo futhi udlulise ukutshala.
Ubulembu be-Aquarium buzala ngendlela efanayo nabalingani bomhlaba - ngezinhlamvu. Le nqubo ibonakala ngokucacile esithombeni. Kwesinye sezibonelo, kwakhiwa ibhokisi le-spore, elihlanganiswe nomlenze omncane. Ngenqubo yokuvuthwa, i-capsule iyaqhuma futhi izinhlamvu ziyaphuma. Ngenxa yokuthi ingxenye yayo iwela esitshalweni somama, abasha basusa ngokushesha ezindala, yingakho ungagcina imibala ekhanyayo isikhathi eside.
Ukudla okunomsoco kwenzeka kuyo yonke indawo. Ubulembu buhlinzekwa ngezakhamzimba ngamanzi. Uma ufuna ukuthi ubulembu buthuthuke ngokomzimba, bese usondla ngamanyolo wezitshalo ezijwayelekile ze-aquarium, eziqukethe i-zinc, i-magnesium, isulfure, i-iron, i-sodium, i-phosphorus, njll.
Kuze kube muva nje, ubulembu bebusetshenziselwa ukuhlunga amanzi kuphela, ukuvikela i-substrate. Ubulembu be-Aquarium buthathwa njengendawo efanelekile yokuzalela inhlanzi ethosiwe. Kepha, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukhaphethi wemvelo oluhlaza wanikezwa ithuba lokuba khona. Namuhla singesinye sezitshalo ezithandwa kakhulu. Ubulembu buzizwa buhle kakhulu endaweni enezinwele ezibomvu ze-crystal. Lezi zidalwa ezincane zinakekela kahle ukhaphethi oluhlaza, zisusa izinto ezimisiwe phezulu.
Izinhlobo ze-Moss
Okwamanje kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300-350 kuhlobo lweRiccardia. Kepha zinhlanu kuphela ezitholakalayo zokuthengwa. URicardia umboza ngezansi kahle, ungayibona esithombeni. Ukuphakama cishe ngamasentimitha ama-3. Kuzwakala kukuhle emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku-17 kuye kuma-25 degrees. URicardia waziwa ngokuphila emanzini ashisayo, kepha kungcono ukuthi ungazibeki engcupheni. Iyakwazi ukunamathisela amatshe, ama-snags kanye nokuhlobisa ngama-pores amakhulu.
Lapho uthenga ubulembu ngaphandle kwenhlabathi, udinga ukutshala kahle nawe. Ukwenza lokhu, bopha ucezu lobulembu ngemicu endaweni ebunjiwe futhi kungekudala luzo "namathela" ebusweni lodwa. Ukuze ulondoloze ukubukeka kwayo kwasekuqaleni, hlala ngezikhathi ezithile amahlumela amasha, avusa ukubola kwezingqimba ezingezansi. Lesi simo sezinto sigcwele ukufa komndeni wonke. Umthethosisekelo wesitshalo unjalo ukuthi uqoqa zonke izinsalela zemvelo, ukuze ungalimazi isitshalo, kubalulekile ukunakekelwa kokuhlunga kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokuvikela ukwakheka kwamanzi amile.
Olunye uhlobo lobulembu obudumile yiFissidens, yingakho izincazelo zitholakala kuwo wonke amawebhusayithi e-aquarist. Iqembu lobulembu obunjalo libukeka njengokhaphethi opholile, ukuphakama kwawo kuguquka cishe ngamasentimitha ama-2,5-3. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-400 kule nhlobo. Okuthandwa kakhulu endaweni yokuzilibazisa ye-aquarium yiFiside fontanus noma i-phoenix, enamathela enhlabathini ngejubane elikhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka kuma-rhizoid athuthukile. Ubuhle balokhu kubukeka bukhululeke ekunakekelweni, ngenkathi esithombeni kuzohlala kubukeka kuphelele. Imfushane futhi ikhula kancane, ngakho-ke ibhekwa njengomhlobiso omuhle ngaphambili. Ukuqhubeka kwamazinga okushisa abekezelelwe kuyamangaza, iyakwazi ukukhula ngokuvumelana kokubili kuma-degree angama-15 nango-30. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqina kwe-aqua nakho akunandaba naye. Ukwakha ukwakheka okuyingqayizivele, hlela isibani kuyo bese uyondla kancane ngomanyolo wezitshalo.
Uhlobo lwesithathu - iTaxiphyllum incane kunazo zonke, inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-30. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-moss yaseJavanese, ekhula ibheke phezulu ukudala izingoma ezimangazayo. Izithombe zama-aquariums ezinodonga olunjalo zibukeka zihlaba umxhwele. Lesi sici sithathwa njengenzuzo nobubi. Kulula kakhulu kubo ukuhlobisa udonga lwangemuva, kepha akusebenzi kahle ukunamathisela ku-substrate, ngakho-ke umsebenzi we-aquarist akuvumeli ukuthi isitshalo sife. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kuzodingeka ukuthi ubophe ngezikhathi ezithile phezulu, ngaphandle kwalokho izingxenye ezinganamathele zizophuthuma ebusweni bamanzi. Ikhula emazingeni okushisa kusuka ku-15 kuye ku-30, noma kunjalo, yenza izimangalo ngobulukhuni (6-8 dGH). Lapho isitshalo sithola ukukhanya okwengeziwe, kukhula ngokwengeziwe.
