Incazelo nezici
Le nyoka evela emndenini wenyoka ayinkulu kakhulu. Ubude bomzimba wakhe ngokuvamile abudluli kumasentimitha angama-90. Kodwa-ke, lo mmeli womhlaba wezilwane ezihuquzelayo uthathwa ngenothi elikhethekile ngabafundi bezinyoka, ngenxa yengozi yakhe enkulu. Ngenhlanhla, izidalwa ezinobuthi ezinjalo zitholakala kuphela ezindaweni eziwugwadule futhi azifuni ukuhlasela abantu ngaphandle kwesizathu.
Efa inyoka esithombeni inombala okhanyayo onsundu, ophuzi noma ompunga onemibala yegolide. Imibala ingeyengxenye enkulu yokuvikela, ngakho-ke iyahambelana namathafa okuhlala kuwo lezi zidalwa. Izinhlangothi zenyoka zimakwe imigqa yama-zigzag, futhi umzimba wonke uhlotshiswe ngephethini eyinkimbinkimbi eyenziwe ngamabala anemibala ehlukahlukene.
Inhloko yalesi silwanyana esinemilenze inomkhawulo ohlukile kwezinye izingxenye zayo, futhi izikali ezisimbozayo zincane. Kusukela ngaphambili, kusukela ezinhlangothini, amehlo abonakala ngokucacile, anezici ezithakazelisayo, izici zezinyoka, abafundi ngendlela yemigqa emnyama eqondile.
Okunye okubonakalayo ukuvuleka kwamakhala, okuhlukaniswe izihlangu, nolayini ovundlile womlomo. Ulimi oluyimfoloko lubhekele umuzwa wephunga kulezi zidalwa. Izikali ezimboze ngemuva zinesakhiwo esinezimbambo. Lokhu kusiza lezi zinto eziphilayo ukuthi zenze i-thermoregulation ephumelelayo ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Izinhlobo
Izinyoka ezinjalo zivelele kuhlobo olukhethekile lwegama elifanayo olunamagama alezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo emndenini wezinyoka. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa - isihlabathi efy, ngoba lezi zidalwa zichitha impilo yazo phakathi kwesihlabathi, yize zihlala ematsheni nasezihlahleni ezihlabayo.
Lolu hlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziyisishiyagalolunye. Abamele bayo bavame ukuthola isiphephelo ezindaweni ezomile zaseNingizimu Asia ezisuka e-Asia Ephakathi kuye eNdiya, zitholakala e-Indonesia naseNyakatho Afrika. Lezi yizindawo lapho inyoka efa... Cabanga ngezinhlobo ezimbili ezidume kakhulu zohlobo. Amalungu ezinye izinhlobo ziyefana ngezindlela eziningi, yize zehluka kweminye imininingwane.
E-Asia Ephakathi efa ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-87. Kodwa izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinjalo azihlali zikhulu njalo. Usayizi wazo ungaba ngamasentimitha angama-60. Unenhloko enkulu, okugqame kuyo uphawu lwesiphambano ngaphezulu. Lesi isici sesici sazo zonke izinyoka zohlobo lwazo lwe-efy. Futhi, lezi zidalwa zinomsila omfushane.
Amabala amhlophe ahlanganisiwe abonakala kahle phezulu ngemuva. Iphansi elikhanyayo lomzimba wenyoka alinayo imihlobiso enjalo. Izidalwa ezinjalo zihlala e-Asia Ephakathi, e-Iran nase-Afghanistan. Futhi-ke, ngenxa yesimo sezulu, ubusika buqala ekwindla sekwephuzile, futhi umsebenzi wasentwasahlobo uvame ukuqala ngezinsuku zokuqala zikaMashi.
I-variegated efa ihlala ezifundeni eziwugwadule zaseNyakatho Afrika, ezitholakala kusukela e-Arabia kuya ezifundeni ezisempumalanga yeGibhithe. Ezindaweni lapho izinyoka ezinjalo zisakazeka khona, ilanga livame ukushaya ngokungenasihawu, ngakho-ke zivumelaniswa kakhulu nokushisa okukhulu futhi zizizwa kahle ngisho nasezingeni lokushisa kuze kufike ku- + 50 ° C.
Kodwa noma kunjalo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinjengalezi ngokuvamile azibeki engcupheni yokukhasa ezindlini zazo emini, ngakho-ke ziphila impilo yasebusuku. Ingubo yezinyoka ezinjalo ihlotshiswe ngamabala amile okweqanda futhi amise okwedayimane anemibala ensundu nephuzi. Ubude balezi zinhlobo bujwayelekile kuzo zonke izinyoka zalolu hlobo.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
USandy Efa ingatholakala ogwadule, kwesinye isikhathi ezindaweni eziwugwadule ezigcwele amahlahla ezihlahla ezingavamile. Izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinjalo zivame ukutholakala emaweni asebeni lomfula. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, lapho ilanga lingashisi kakhulu, izinyoka zingasebenza emini. Kodwa ehlobo bashiya izindawo zabo zokuhlala ebusuku kuphela.
Ezindaweni lapho ubusika bupholile khona ngokusobala, befuna ukusinda esikhathini esingesihle, bazitholela izindawo zokukhosela ezifanele emhlabathini. Zingaba ukudangala okungokwemvelo, imifantu noma imingxunya eshiywe ngamagundane. Futhi lapho ezihuquzelayo zilinda isikhathi esivumayo lapho zingakhasa khona ukuze zifudumeze izinhlangothi zazo elangeni.
Ezilwaneni ezihuquzelayo zomhlaba, lezi zidalwa zibalwa phakathi kweziyingozi kakhulu. Ubuthi benyoka ka-Ephae iba imbangela yokufa kwesisulu esisodwa kweziyisithupha ngokulunywa yiso, kuyingozi kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubantu, kuphela labo abanikezwe usizo olunamakhono, olusebenzayo ngesikhathi abasinda. Ukuzwa amandla abo, izinyoka ezinjalo, uma kunesidingo, ziyakwazi ukuhlasela ngisho nesitha esikhulu kakhulu.
Kepha umbala wokuvikela uyakwazi ukuwafihla ezitheni eziningi. Futhi-ke asikho isidingo sokuhlaselwa kwe-epha, ngoba izidalwa ezinjalo azidingeki ukukhombisa ulaka, zifuna ukukhasa kude kube sekugcineni futhi zigweme ukushayisana okungathandeki. Kodwa-ke, kubantu, le ndawo yezilwane ezihuquzelayo nayo iqukethe enye ingozi. Kukhona ithuba, ngaphandle kokuqaphela inyoka, lokuyinyathela. Lapho-ke akunakwenzeka ukugwema ukulunywa.
Izici ezihlukile zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ziyindlela ethakazelisa kakhulu yokuhamba phakathi kwesihlabathi. Akugcini nje ngokungena, kodwa kuhamba ngezingxenye. Okokuqala, ikhanda lakhe lihudulelwa eceleni. Ngemuva kwalokho emuva kwesidalwa esixakile kuya phambili. Ngemuva kwalokho, indawo emaphakathi yomzimba iyadonswa, njengoba ngaphambili yayikhuphukile.
Ngenxa yalokho, ezindaweni lapho kukhasa khona, okwenza amazombe afanayo, inyoka efa, umkhondo oyinkimbinkimbi uhlala esihlabathini ngesimo sephethini yesici semigqa ye-oblique ngayinye esele ngumzimba wesilwane esihuquzelayo. Futhi ama-curvature asemikhawulweni yemivimbo edabukile egcwalisa leli phethini yizimpawu ezisuka ekunyakazeni komsila.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izinyoka zisesigabeni sezilwane ezidlayo ngakho-ke zingabazingeli abazalwa ngokwemvelo. Empeleni, bayakwazi ukubulala inyamazane enkulu, kepha akusona ngasinye sezisulu ezinjalo esifanele ukondla i-eff esayizi encane, ngoba umlomo wabo awujwayelwanga ukumunca. Kungakho ikakhulukazi amasele, amaxoxo, izibankwa, izinyoni ezincane, amagundane amancane asebenza njengokudla kwawo.
Kwesinye isikhathi izihlobo zenyoka ziba yizisulu ze-ef, kepha hhayi ezinkulu. Kepha uma kunokuphazamiseka okungazelelwe ngokudla okunjalo, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezilambile ziba nolaka ngendlela emangalisayo futhi zithambekele ekugxileni kukho konke ezikwazi ukugwinya. Izinyoni ezincane zithanda ukudla zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezincane: ofezela, amabhungane, ama-centipedes, izinkumbi nezinye izinambuzane.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Eph, njengezinye izinyoka, angaphansi kohlobo olungavamile lwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingazaleli amaqanda, njengezinye, ukuze maduze kuzalwe amawundlu, lawo, angavamile kakhulu phakathi kwezinyoka, awazala ephila.
Isikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana ye-ff ethile siqala ngoFebhuwari, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuka kwentwasahlobo. Kepha uma isimo sezulu sendawo singashisi kakhulu noma ukufika kwentwasahlobo kubambezelekile, ukukhwelana kungenzeka ngo-Ephreli.
Ukuqala kokukhulelwa kwabesifazane kungekudala kuthatha isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga nengxenye. Futhi ngesikhathi esimisiwe, kuzalwa inzalo. Inani lezinyoka kungenzeka lingabi likhulu kakhulu, kepha imvamisa lifinyelela kwizicucu eziyishumi nesithupha. Ubukhulu bezingane ezisanda kuzalwa ngokwesilinganiso abukho ngaphezu kwe-15 cm.
Inzalo iza kulo mhlaba iphila kakhulu ukuthi ingakwazi ukuzimela futhi izitholele ukudla. Izingane ezinamazinyo nezindlala ezinobuthi kusukela zizalwa ziqala ukuzingela ngokushesha. Isikhathi sokuphila inyoka enesihlungu ephae imvamisa ayineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-12 ubudala.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izifundo ezenziwa zaholela ososayensi emcabangweni wokuthi endle, ngemuva kokuzala iminyaka emithathu, abamele umndeni wezinyoka abavamile ukusinda. Futhi-ke, uma kubhekwa ukuqala kokuthomba, ama-ffs kuyaqabukela asinde embundwini weminyaka eyisikhombisa.
Kuthiwani uma ulunywa yi-efa?
Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwenyoka enjalo, izimpawu ezethusayo kakhulu zivele zivele, eziba yimiphumela emibi yokungeniswa kwezinto ezinobuthi. Izicubu zamehlo, zamakhala nezomlomo, ikakhulukazi indawo yokulunywa, ziqala ukopha.
Lo shevu udla isakhiwo semithambo yegazi, ubulale amangqamuzana egazi. Izinqubo ezinjalo, ezihambisana nobuhlungu obungabekezeleleki, zishesha kakhulu futhi ziyinhlekelele. Futhi uma ungamisi yonke into kungekudala, zizoholela ekufeni okubuhlungu. Lokhu kungukubonakaliswa ukuluma kwe-ephae.
Vele, isimo sidinga ukungenelela okuphuthumayo kodokotela abaqeqeshiwe. Kepha lokhu akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngingazisiza kanjani? Izinqubo ezibulalayo kwesisulu zingamiswa kuphela ngokuqala ukusebenza kungakapheli imizuzu eyi-10 ngemuva kokuhlaselwa okubuhlungu kwesirhubuluzi esiyingozi.
Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ingxenye enkulu yobuthi ingasuswa emzimbeni, ngaphandle kokuba nesikhathi sokwenza umphumela obolile, kufanele imuncwe. Amathe anobuthi anqwabelene emlonyeni kufanele akhafulwe, nomlomo kufanele uhlanzwe kahle ngamanzi. Ngaphezulu kwesiza sokulunywa (njengomthetho, lokhu kuyilungu lomzimba), isisulu sidinga ukubopha i-tourniquet eqinile, ngaleyo ndlela kuvimbele ukusakazeka kobuthi ngegazi emzimbeni.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Yize izimbobo ze-f zingenalo ulaka ngaphandle kwesizathu, umuntu akufanele acabange ukuthi banamahloni futhi bayaqaphela. Abamesabi umuntu, ngakho-ke bayakwazi ukungena ezindlini zabo ukuze bazitholele lapho, okungukuthi, bahlele umhhume ontofontofo egumbini elingaphansi komhlaba noma ekhabethe. Ngakho-ke, emazweni lapho kutholakala khona izinyoka ezinjalo, abantu bazama ukuhlala beqaphile njalo.
- Ungabona ukulungela kwenyoka ukuhlasela ngokuma komzimba wayo, okugoba kabili ngesikhathi sokulungiselela. Inyoka izemboza ikhanda ngemuva komunye wabo. Ezinye izinyoka ziba yiqhwa ngasikhathi sinye, kodwa hhayi i-efy. Bahlala behamba, belinde ukuthi into abahlaselwe yiyo ibe sezingeni elifinyeleleka kubo. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ibanga elingamamitha amathathu lingaphepha.Inyoka nayo ayikwazi ukwenza ngokujikijela ibheke phezulu ngaphezu kwengxenye yemitha.
- Uma uzwa umsindo ongajwayelekile kusuka ekushayaneni kwesikali, lokhu kuyisiqubulo lapho isidalwa esibulalayo singahlosile ukuhlasela kepha ukuvikela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kunethuba lokugwema ukulunywa okubi. Le mizwa ye-efy kufanele isetshenziswe, ukuzama ukweqa ngandlela thile ngokucophelela. Kungcono ukwenza lokhu ngaphandle kokwenza ukunyakaza okungazelelwe futhi ungasusi amehlo akho kuye.
- Izinyoka, noma zinobuthi, zivame ukugcinwa ekuthunjweni, kepha hhayi i-eff. Izizathu ngokuyinhloko zisekelwe engozini yazo enkulu. Kepha ngaphandle kwalokhu, izidalwa ezinjalo zihamba ngokungajwayelekile. Futhi-ke, ukuzama ukuwavalela endaweni evaliwe, njengomthetho, kuphelela ekufeni kwabo okusheshayo.
