Isikhova seBarn - isikhova esinokubukeka okungavamile. Le nyoni edla inyama isabalele emhlabeni wonke futhi sekuyisikhathi eside idonsela ukunaka kwabantu ngezinto zayo eziyimfihlakalo nezingaqondakali. Ukundiza buthule, amehlo aqhakazile, ukuzwa okubukhali - kude nalo lonke uhlu lwezinzuzo inyoni engaqondakali yasebusuku engaziqhayisa ngayo.
Incazelo nezici
Le nyoni ingaziqhayisa ngegama layo elingajwayelekile ngesizathu esithile. Konke kumayelana nokucaciswa kwezwi lakhe, njengenqe noma ukuhosha. Isikhova esibayeni sihlukaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezikhova nge-disc yobuso enesimo esingajwayelekile, esinokubukeka okwenhliziyo. Kuzwakala sengathi kufakwe isifihla-buso kuye. Uma kubonisiwe inqolobane yesibalo esithombeni, lapho-ke ungasibona kahle ngalesi sibonakaliso.
Izinyoni zalolu hlobo azinkulu ngosayizi, zinobuso obukhethekile nombala okhanyayo. Ubude bomuntu omdala buphakathi kobubanzi obungu-33 - 39 cm, isisindo somzimba cishe siyi-300-355 g.Iphiko lifinyelela ku-90 cm.Ingxenye ephezulu yomzimba ihlukaniswa ngombala oyisanti, lapho kubonakala khona amachashaza amhlophe namnyama. Ingxenye engezansi ilula, futhi izimpaphe zifakwe phakathi kumnyama.
Ingxenye engaphambili isicaba, ilula ngomngcele we-ocher. Izimpiko zinombala omhlophe ngokukhanyayo, zinephethini yoqobo ye-tint streaky tint. Isikhova sesibankwa singabonakala ngamehlo aso amakhulu amakhulu, isakhiwo esincane, imilenze emide enezimpaphe eziwugqinsi nezicijile kuze kufike ezinzwaneni. Umsila awumude, uqhwaku luphuzi mhlophe.
Kuyathakazelisa! Umbala wengxenye engezansi yomzimba wenyoni uncike lapho ihlala khona. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, eNyakatho Afrika, eNtshonalanga naseNingizimu yeYurophu, eMiddle East kuhlala abamele izinhlobo, lapho le ngxenye yomzimba imhlophe. Kuyo yonke iYurophu, lezi zikhova zinengxenye yomzimba ephuzi ngokusawolintshi.
Abesifazane nabesilisa bayefana kakhulu. Uma ubheka kahle, ungakhombisa kuphela ukuthi abesifazane banombala omnyama kancane, kepha lokhu akusiteki. Isikhova esibayeni sithathwa njengenyoni eyedwa. Uma, lapho endiza ezungeza indawo yakhe, ebona isihlobo, khona-ke umhlasela ngokushesha.
Emini icasha endaweni yokukhosela ephephile, ebusuku inyoni iye kozingela. Indiza buthule, yingakho phakathi kwabantu ibizwa nge "ghost owl". Amehlo acijile nokuzwa kumsiza ngokuphelele. I-sedentary yindlela yokuphila eyehlukile kuyo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ingahamba iye endaweni entsha ngenxa yokushoda kokudla.
Izinhlobo
Umndeni wesikhova unezinhlobo eziyi-11 zomkhakha oyi-2. Kunezinto eziningi ezithandwa kakhulu:
1. Isikhova seBarn itholakala eMelika, e-Asia (ngaphandle kweSiberia, Ephakathi naphakathi), e-Afrika, eMadagascar, emazweni amaningi aseYurophu. Inyoni encane (33-39 cm ubude) yenza izidleke emigodini, imvamisa ezakhiweni. Idla izigaxa, amagundane amancane;
2. Isikhova esibomvu esibomvu saseMadagascar itholakala emahlathini aseNyakatho-East Madagascar. Isincane ngosayizi (umzimba ungamasentimitha angama-27.5 ubude) futhi ungumhlali wasebusuku kuphela. Lezi zinhlobo zingabonakala ngokukhala kwezinhlobo, okukhonjiswa ngomsindo omkhulu (cishe amasekhondi ayi-1.5), ogcina ngomsindo ocijile, onamandla ophezulu. Ngokuzingela ukhetha imiphetho yehlathi, amasimu elayisi;
3. Isifihla esibayeni isikhova uhlala eningizimu yeNew Guinea nase-Australia. Ngokuhlala kwakhe ukhetha amahlathi futhi avule indawo eyisicaba enezihlahla ezimbalwa. Okokuzalisa, ukhetha imingxunya kanye nemisipha yemvelo. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala bungahluka ngaphakathi kwamasentimitha angama-38-57. Izinyoni eziboshwe endaweni eyodwa zivela endaweni yokukhosela ebusuku kuphela, ziya kudla - izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izinyoni zezolimo.
4. Herb isibaya isikhova - ohlala emathafeni anotshani obude ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasempumalanga yeNdiya, amagquma asezintabeni ze-Himalaya, eningizimu nasempumalanga yeChina, eTaiwan. Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zikhethe iziqhingi zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, iqembu leziQhingi zasePhilippines;
5. Isikhova esimnyama Ingabe uhlobo olutholakala e-Australia. Inyoni encane (ubude cishe obungu-37-51 cm) ingumhlali wezindawo ezinamanzi amakhulu asezindaweni ezishisayo. Umthandi wamahlumela evalipt anomswakama ophezulu, ukhetha kakhulu izihlahla ezindala ezineziqu eziphakeme. Ngokuzingela, le nyoni ingaya emahlathini omile, kepha ilinda isikhathi sasemini ema-oases asezindaweni ezishisayo. Iphinde ibe nezidleke ezindaweni ezishisayo. Akuhlukile ngokweqile ngokukhetha kokudla: ayikwazi ukudla izilwane ezincane nezinyoni kuphela, kepha futhi ayizideleli izinambuzane, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo ezinobukhulu obuncane.
6. Isikhova esincane esimnyama - uhlobo oluhlukile oluhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezingasogwini lwase-Australia. Igama liyazikhulumela - usayizi womuntu omdala awudluli amasentimitha angama-38. Ukukhulelwa kwenzeka emigodini, futhi kunikezwa izintandokazi emigodini emikhulu.
Kwesinye isikhathi ihlala ezinqabeni zemvelo phakathi kohlelo lwempande lwezihlahla nakuma-niches wemvelaphi yemvelo. Ngesikhathi sokufukamela, bobabili abamele laba bobabili basondelene, kepha ngaphandle kwenkathi bahlala bodwa futhi emini basezindaweni ezihluke ngokuphelele. Ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda, insikazi ithatha okungenani izinsuku ezingama-42 ukuwafukamela. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uyabamba futhi alethe ukudla kwakhe futhi ngaphezu kwesikhathi esisodwa ebusuku.
Okuvelele kwesibalo sesikhova ukuthi izinyoni zalolu hlobo, ngenkathi zizingela, zingandiza kalula ezindaweni ezishisayo ezingahambeki ngisho nasebusuku. Akuyona neze inkinga kubo ukusungula indawo yalowo ongaba yisisulu, bese bemhlasela ngokuzumayo. Ngaphezu kwamagundane ahlukahlukene, izibankwa, amaxoxo, nezinye izilwane ezincane nazo zingadliwa. Bangakwazi ukuhlasela izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, ama-possum.
7. Isikhova esimpunga - ohlala ezifundeni zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia. Ithole igama layo kusici sayo esimpunga. Le nyoni incane ngosayizi, ingamasentimitha angama-23-33 kuphela. Le nyoni ayihlali nje emahlathini kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezindaweni ezicacile.
Endimeni yezindawo zokwakha izidleke, ithanda imigodi yezihlahla. Idla izilwane ezincelisayo, izinyoni, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo futhi ayizideleli izinambuzane. Izikhova zeBarn zifana nezikhova zangempela, kepha zinezici ezithile ezihlukile.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Isikhova seBarn yizilwane zasebusuku kuphela. Ukufuna inyamazane ebusuku kuphela, ekukhanyeni kwelanga balala ezindaweni zabo zokukhosela. Ukuphumula kwasemini, kukhethwa izihlwathi ezitholakele, zombili ezemvelo nezenziwe, (ngokwesibonelo, ama-attics, izimbobo emhlabathini). Bahlala bodwa, futhi ezimweni ezehlukile kuphela bahlangana ngamaqembu amancane, kepha lokhu kuzokwenzeka kuphela kulezi zindawo lapho kunqwabelana khona kwemidlalo.
Ngenkathi kuzingelwa, izikhova zesibaya zihlala ziyahlukahluka emoyeni, bese zikhuphuka phezulu, bese ziphinde zibuye phansi futhi zindiza zizungeze izinto zazo. Bangakwazi ukulinda inyamazane yabo icashe ekuqamekeleni. Ukuzingela kusebenza kakhulu ngalezo zinsuku lapho inyanga ekhanyayo ikhanya esibhakabhakeni.
Izimpiko zesikhova sesibaya zikhethekile. Aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ukundiza kwawo, ngenxa yokuthula kwawo nokuthamba kwawo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuzwa. Ukubona okuhle kakhulu nokuzwa okuhle kakhulu kugcwalisa isithombe sonke.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kwezinye izindawo (ngokwesibonelo, iBrithani) izikhova ezibayeni zibeka engcupheni yokuyozingela emini. Kodwa isikhathi esinjalo sigcwele ingozi ethile kubo: zona ngokwazo zingaba izisulu zezinyoni ezidla inyama (isibonelo, izinhlanzi).
Lapho ihlasela isisulu, isikhova esibayeni sisebenzisa uzipho lwaso olubukhali, olubulala ngalo inyamazane yaso. Ngemuva kwalokho, unyathela umzimba ngezidladla zakhe awudabule ngomlomo wakhe. Intamo eguquguqukayo kakhulu isiza izinyoni ukuba zidle inyamazane yazo, cishe ngaphandle kokugoba. Lapho isikhova sesibaya sidla, izimpaphe zengxenye engaphambili ziyahamba ukuze kubonakale sengathi inyoni iyabhinca.
Zisabalele cishe kuwo wonke amazwekazi, ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica, izinyoni zezindawo zokuhlala zikhetha izindawo ezivulekile ikakhulukazi, izindawo ezishisayo nezinkundla, lapho amagundane nezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezincane kungazuzwa khona ngobuningi.
Emadolobhaneni, izinyoni zalolu hlobo zizingela eduze nendawo yokuhlala abantu. Zakha emakhoneni amnyama futhi alahlwe kakhulu ezakhiweni ezahlukahlukene, bazokuthokozela ukuthatha izakhiwo ezinhle ezilahliwe, ama-dovecotes. Akunakushiwo lokho isibaya isikhova inyoni.
Izikhova zeBarn zihlukaniswa ngokushisekela izwe, okuzibonakalisa kunamathele ngokuqinile ezindaweni zazo zomdabu. Sebezinze kunoma iyiphi indawo, bazokwethusa abantu abangabazi emakhaya abo ngokukhala okuthukuthele.
Bangachitha isikhathi esiningi behlanza izimpaphe futhi baziqoqele isidleke sabo. Uma umuntu eqala ukusondela esibayeni sesikhova, khona-ke inyoni iphendula ngokukhulisa futhi ngokushelela ngokushelela ezinyaweni zayo ngakwesokunene nangakwesobunxele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, yena grimaces kakhulu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Amagundane egundane ayindlela yokwelapha isikhova. Le nyoni ikwazi ukubhekana kalula negundane elikhulu elimpunga. Ngobusuku obubodwa, umuntu uyakwazi ukubamba cishe amagundane ayi-15. Kwesinye isikhathi ibamba futhi idle izinyoni ezincane, ikakhulukazi ondlunkulu, ama-amphibian amancane. Ayizideleli izinambuzane.
Le nyoni ibamba inyamazane yayo ngesikhathi sokundiza, iyibambe iqine ezinzwaneni zayo iyise lapho kungekho muntu ozophazamisa khona ukudla kwayo okuthulile. Ukubekwa kosizo lokuzwa ngendlela ekhethekile kusiza izikhova ukuba ziphendule ngisho nasemisindweni ethule kakhulu evela kulowo ohlukunyeziwe, futhi lokhu kusho lukhulu ngesikhathi sokuzingela. Izindlebe azilingani: enye itholakala ezingeni lamakhala, enye ezingeni le-lobe yangaphambili.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ngokuya ngezici zendawo yokuhlala yezikhova, isikhathi sazo sokuzala naso siwela ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene. Ezimweni ezishisayo, azikho izikhathi zokukhiqiza kabusha njengonyaka.
Ngokuqondene nezindawo ezinesimo sezulu esipholile, lapha inkathi yokuzalanisa izikhova zesibaya iqala ngoMashi-Ephreli. I-monogamy isici sezikhova zalolu hlobo. Kepha kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amacala esithembu, lapho kunabesifazane abangaphezu koyedwa owesilisa ngamunye.
Isidleke somuntu ngamunye, singena ngazimbili, sikhetha, okokuqala, izimo zemvelo - imigodi, izimbobo, izidleke zezinye izinyoni. Izikhova ezivalekile azizakhi izidleke zazo. Uma sikhuluma ngamathafa we-anthropogenic, khona-ke ama-attics, izinqolobane, imibhoshongo yensimbi isebenza njengezidleke. Izidleke zingatholakala ebangeni elihlukile ukusuka emhlabathini, kepha zingabi ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-20 ukuphakama.
Ngokushesha nje lapho kuqala isikhathi sokukhwelana, iduna liyandiza lizungeze isihlahla ebelisibhekela isidleke. Ngalesi sikhathi, umemeza kakhulu nangokuhayiza, okuyindlela yokuheha owesifazane. Ngemuva kwalokho, owesilisa uqala ukuxosha okhethiweyo wakhe. Ukulandela kugcina ngokukhwelana, ngemuva kwalokho insikazi izalela amaqanda amancane angama-4-8 ama-oblong.
Amaqanda abekwa ngezinsuku eziyi-1-2. Isikhathi sokufukamela yizinsuku ezingama-29-34. Ukufukamela amaqanda kungumsebenzi wesifazane, kuyilapho umlingani ngokwakhe emondla ngaso sonke isikhathi sokufukamela.
Ukuzalwa isibaya isikhova amatshwele embozwe ungqimba we-fluff omhlophe obukhulu. Abazali banakekela ukudla kwabo ngokuletha ukudla ngokulandelana kwabo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-35-45, amaphuphu aphuma esidlekeni sawo, futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-5 kuya ku-10 angakwazi ukundiza. Amachwane azimela ngokuphelele kuphela lapho efika ezinyangeni ezintathu.
Ukuhlala nabazali babo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, amaphuphu, kanye nabantu abadala, bandizela ngaphandle bayozingela, ngakho-ke bayaqeqeshwa. Basebenzisa ulwazi olungenakuqhathaniswa. Izinyoni ezisencane zisuka kude ngokwanele ukusuka esidlekeni sazo, ububanzi bokusakazeka bungafinyelela ngisho nasezinkulungwaneni zamakhilomitha. Eminyakeni lapho kunezimpuku eziningi isikhova isibaya isikhova ngisho nasezindaweni ezinamazinga okushisa aphakathi nendawo, iyakwazi ukwenza izindunduma ezimbili ngesizini ngayinye. Izinsikazi ezincane ezivela ezinyangeni eziyishumi ziyakwazi ukuzala izingane.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Ngokuya ngemininingwane etholwe ngokukhala, izikhova zemvelo ezinqolobaneni zingaphila iminyaka eyi-18. Kepha isikhathi sabo sokuphila esiphakathi siphansi kakhulu - cishe iminyaka emibili. Kukhona okuhlukile nokho. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, umuntu osehlale ekuthunjweni iminyaka eyi-11.5 angaziqhayisa ngomphumela "wompetha" ngempela. Umphathi werekhodi langempela lesikhathi sokuphila yisikhova esivela eNgilandi, esakwazi ukuhlala ekuthunjweni iminyaka engama-22.
Inyoni yesikhova seBarn engavamile futhi ezithakazelisayo. Isidalwa esinombala wokuzifihla siveza ukuhlonishwa nokuhlonishwa ngokungathandi, yingakho abaningi bezama ukuthola lezi zinyoni ekhaya. Izikhova zalolu hlobo zilusizo kakhulu, ngoba ngokuqothula amagundane, ngalokho zisiza ekugcineni isivuno ngangokunokwenzeka.
