Phakathi kwenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinyosi, kukhona lezo ezingalethi uju. Akukho uju - akukho nzuzo, abantu abaningi abangazijwayele lesi sinambuzane esimangalisayo bacabanga. Ukubambiswa udonga. Inyosi yombazi ayikhiphi uju, yehlukile ekubukekeni nasekuziphatheni, kepha, ivusa isasasa elikhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bezinyosi. Futhi yingakho.
Incazelo nezici
Emhlabeni jikelele, ososayensi bakhomba izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-20 zezinyosi. Kulezi zinambuzane ezingenakubalwa, inyosi yombazi inendawo ekhethekile. Igama elisemthethweni lalesi sinambuzane yi-Xylocopa purple. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, kunzima ukukucabanga, kepha Inyosi yombazi esithombeni kubukeka kumangalisa.
Isici sakhe esihlukile kwabanye bakhe sinombala womzimba wakhe namaphiko. Umzimba wenyosi umnyama, kanti izimpiko zimnyama okwesibhakabhaka ngombala onsomi. Inyosi imbozwe izinwele ezimnyama ezimfushane. Amadevu nawo amnyama, kepha ngaphakathi anombala obomvu.
Izici ezihlukile zifaka phakathi imilenze e-shaggy kanye nemihlathi emikhulu, enamandla ekwazi ukugaya izinto eziqinile ngokwanele. Inyosi yombazi ejwayelekile uhlala ekhetha njengekhaya lakhe njengesihlahla, noma konke okwenziwe ngokhuni.
Inyosi iqoqa impova bese ipholisa izitshalo izikhathi eziningana ngokunenxa kunezinye izinambuzane ezindizayo, ngoba inoboya obuningi emilenzeni yayo. Kepha uma isinambuzane sihleli eduze kwendlu yomuntu, akufanele ulindele noma yini enhle. Izihlahla nefenisha kungalimala unomphela.
Ngokuthakazelisayo, ubukhulu benyosi yombazi buqhamuka kwezinye izinyosi. Ubude baso cishe bungamasentimitha ayi-2,5. Abantu abakhulu bafinyelela kumasentimitha ama-3. Lesi sayizi senza lesi sinambuzane sibonakale njengesinyosi esikhulu noma impukane enkulu. Kulula kakhulu ukunquma ukuthi inyosi iseduze, ngoba amaphiko, yize engemakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nomzimba, asebenza ngokuzikhandla futhi akhiphe umsindo omkhulu.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inyosi yombazi ayilokothi ihlasele umuntu ngaphandle kwesizathu. Njengezinhlobo zezilwane, azinalo ulaka kakhulu. Abesifazane kuphela abanesitinyela. kodwa umhluzi wezinyosi qaphela. Ukuluma, izinambuzane zifaka ushevu enxebeni. Kuvusa ukuvuvukala okukhulu, okungahlala izinsuku ezinhlanu. Ubuthi buthinta isimiso sezinzwa zomuntu.
Imiphumela emibi efana nokushaqeka kwemizwa ijwayelekile lapho ulunywa. Kuyafaneleka ukuqaphela - inyosi entanyeni iyabulala abantu nezilwane, njengoba ipheshana lokuphefumula livuvukala. Umoya-mpilo uvaliwe futhi ukufa kungenzeka ngaphakathi kwemizuzu uma kungathathwa usizo oluphuthumayo.
Izinhlobo
UXylocopa yinyosi yasendulo kakhulu. Kwakukhona isikhathi eside ngaphambi kwempucuko yanamuhla futhi kubhekwa njengohlobo "lwezinto eziphilayo eziphilayo". Ososayensi banezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-700. Inyosi yombazi ihlala khona ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zeplanethi. Kubukhulu beMelika, ungathola ama-subspecies amangalisayo, amnyama ngokuphelele ngombala.
Bakhulu kakhulu kunezihlobo zabo zaseRussia futhi banolaka ikakhulukazi. Kuvame ukuqoshwa amacala alokhu ehlasela abantu. Qoqa impova umbazi wezinyosi ezimnyama Isuka kabili ngosuku - entathakusa nakusihlwa, lapho kuqala ukuhwalala.
Ensimini yaseYurophu, izinyosi ezibazi zitholakala eJalimane. Ngokumangazayo, lolu hlobo oluthile aluvikelekile ezifweni ezahlukahlukene. Banokuzivikela okuqinile. Izwekazi elibi kakhulu neliyingozi - i-Afrika, linohlobo lwalo lwesinambuzane. Kutholakala ikakhulukazi eTunisia nase-Algeria.
Isici esihlukile yisisu esicabalele, esibanzi namadevu amade, cishe ngamamilimitha ayi-6. Izinyosi zombazi zase-Afrika zinolaka kakhulu futhi ziyingozi, empeleni, njengezilwane zonke zezwekazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inyosi, ngemuva kokuluma, igcoba isisulu sayo nge-propolis, okunzima kakhulu ukugeza isikhumba nezingubo.
Kungadala ukusabela okweqile komzimba. Udinga ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu, weqe inyosi futhi awusoze wayicasula ngokunyakazisa izingalo nemilenze. Izinyosi ezinkulu nazo zibhekwa njengezinyosi zombazi.
Ososayensi abaningi bathambekele ekukholweni ukuthi ama-bumblebees angama-xylocopes. Kepha banombala wendabuko ophuzi-mnyama. Izinga lobudlova liphakeme kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukuhlasela zombili izilwane nabantu ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Inyosi yombazi iyinambuzane ukhetha isimo sezulu esifudumele. Yingakho kungatholakali ezindaweni ezisenyakatho nasemazwenikazi, lapho amazinga okushisa aphansi enqoba khona. Izindawo eziyintandokazi zokwakha indawo yokuhlala ama-steppes namahlathi. Izinhlobo ikakhulukazi zama-xylocopes zihlala ezingxenyeni eziseningizimu yeRussia naseCaucasus.
Mhlawumbe yilolu kuphela uhlobo lwezinyosi olukhetha ukuhlala lodwa, ngaphandle kokwenza imindeni emincane. Aziqoqani ngobuningi futhi zihlala ngazodwana, zikhetha indawo eziyithandayo. Esikhathini esiningi lezi yizindawo lapho kunezinkuni ezifile. Isidleke sitholakala ku-telegraph kanye nesigxobo sikagesi, endlini yamapulangwe, ezindongeni zezakhiwo ezingaphandle, ngisho nakwikhabhinethi endala.
Lapho kukhethwa indawo yokuhlala, inyosi yombazi ayiqondiswa nhlobo ukuba khona kokudla. Lokhu akuyona into esemqoka kuye. Njengoba sinamaphiko anamandla, lesi sinambuzane sikwazi ukundiza amabanga amade nsuku zonke ukuthola umpe. Izinambuzane eziqinile ziyakwazi ukusuka ekhaya ibanga elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayi-10 bese zibuyela emuva.
Njengomthetho, umsebenzi wezinambuzane uqala ngokuqala kwezinsuku zokuqala ezifudumele ezifudumele, eziqala noma maphakathi noMeyi. Indiza esebenzayo ihlala izinyanga zonke zasehlobo futhi iphela ekupheleni kukaSepthemba, lapho izinga lokushisa ebusuku lehla ngaphansi kwamadigri amahlanu. Ezimweni ezingavamile, isimo sezulu sivumela, inyosi yombazi ejwayelekile iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngo-Okthoba.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Inyosi Ebazi Ephephuli ayinazo izidingo ezikhethekile zokudla okunempilo. Yena, njengazo zonke izihlobo zakhe, udla umpe nempova. Lapho ifuna impova eningi, inyosi idlula ezimbali ezingaba ngu-60 ngosuku. I-Acacia ne-red clover zithanda kakhulu izinyosi, ezinezimbali ezinezimpova eziphindwe kabili.
Inyosi yombazi iqoqa impova bese isebenzisa amathe ayo ukuyithambisa. Ukwakheka okuvelayo kuhlanjululwa umpe. Igcinwa ezindaweni ezikhethekile zoju futhi isebenza ukuvimbela impova ekuqhumeni phakathi kwezindiza ezinde.
Amathe wezinyosi aqukethe amakoloni ama-microorganisms, aqala ukusebenza ngokushesha lapho impova ingena emigodini. Inqubo yokuvutshelwa iqala. Iguqula impova ibe yilokho okuthiwa isinkwa sezinyosi - isinkwa sezinyosi. IPerga isetshenziswa yizinyosi ezindala kanye nezisanda kuzalwa.
Izinyosi, ezikhiqiza inzalo, ngenxa yezindlala eziyimfihlo, zithambisa isinkwa sezinyosi bese siziphendula zibe i-royal jelly, ezicebile ngamaminerali namavithamini. Izibungu zidla phezu kwazo. I-Royal jelly yinto ebaluleke kakhulu esetshenziswa ngabantu kwi-cosmetology nakwezokwelapha.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Inyosi Ebazi Ephephuli ayemukeli umakhelwane nganoma iyiphi indlela. Ngokuqala kwentwasahlobo, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi izinyosi zithole inzalo. Insikazi ikhetha indawo ethulile ethulile isikhathi eside, inomswakamo ngokulingene futhi ifudumele. Imvamisa, ukukhetha kuwela ezihlahleni ezibolile noma ezihlahleni, bese kuzilungiselela isidleke esihlukile.
Izinyosi zinemihlathi eqinile. Ngemihlathi yakhe enamandla, insikazi iququda imigudu emide, emnene esihlahleni esithambile. Ngendlela, bekungekhono lokwakha "amafulethi amaningi" ngaleli hlombe kwathiwa "umbazi".
Ukuhamba okwenziwa ngowesifazane ngokhuni kuhlukaniswa yimiphetho eyisicaba ngokuphelele. Kumuntu ongenalwazi, kungahle kubonakale sengathi izimbobo zazenziwe nge-drill. Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa, insikazi yenza imisindo enomsindo omkhulu, engasetshenziswa ukuthola ukusondela kwayo.
Lapho isidleke sesilungile inyosi yombazi wesifazane ilungisa ukwakheka okukhethekile kuketshezi ngempova. Owesifazane ubeka ithonsi lalokhu kuqanjwa egumbini, abeke iqanda kuwo avale igumbi lomgodi. Ukwahlukanisa ngakunye okunjalo kuyisiteji "sekamelo" elilandelayo. Ubude bohlangothi ngalunye bungafinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20-30.
Ngakho-ke, inyosi izalela amaqanda ayishumi kuya kwayishumi nambili, bese ivala uphawu lokungena esidlekeni. I-sealant yizinkuni ezihlanganiswe namathe wezinyosi. Ukwakheka kompe kusebenza njengokudla okuhle kakhulu kwezibungu, okuvela maphakathi noJuni.
Ithonsi elilodwa elivunwa yilowesifazane lanele isibungu kuze kube sekwindla, lapho liphenduka inyosi encane enamandla. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi isikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezibungu asihlali sifana njalo. Abesilisa bangabokuqala ukufinyelela eminyakeni edingekayo. Esidlekeni, zitholakala eduze nokuphuma. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokuqala kokushisa, zonke izibungu ziba ngabantu abadala.
Ekuqaleni, ngemuva kokubeka amaqanda, inyosi iyasigada isidleke sayo, bese kuthi ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa isishiye unomphela. Ekwindla, abantu abasha bavela ku-clutch, abangashiyi indawo yabo yokuhlala ngokushesha, kodwa bahlala kuyo kuze kube sentwasahlobo, bathola amandla. Ngokufika kwezinsuku ezifudumele, izinyosi ezincane ziyaluma ngodonga bese zihlakazeka.
Ngokuqondene nowesifazane, ngokufika kwekwindla, uyafa noma alale ubusika futhi aqhubeke nomjikelezo wokuphila kwakhe kwisizini elandelayo. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izinyosi azilali ebusuku. Zivale ngokuqinile izindawo zazo zokuhlala ngaphakathi bese zilala lapho zivukile. Ukudla kwabo ngalesi sikhathi uju kanye nompe okuqoqwa ngesikhathi sehlobo esisebenzayo. Izinyosi zombazi nazo azizifihli, njengoba kwenza nezihlobo zazo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi izidleke ezenziwa ngabesifazane azilokothi zibe nalutho. Ziyanda izinyosi ezintsha ezizisebenzisayo. Isidleke esisodwa singaba nezizukulwane eziyishumi zezinyosi ezibazi bese sishiywa kuphela ngemuva kokuba ukhuni seluwohlokile.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Abafuyi bezinyosi emhlabeni wonke abayeki imizamo yabo yokuthambisa inyosi yombazi, ukuyiguqula ibe yinyosi ejwayelekile eletha uju. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, abafuyi bezinyosi emhlabeni wonke bazoba nenyosi eyingqayizivele engeke ihlaselwe.
Kodwa yonke imizamo ayikakakhiqizi imiphumela: inyosi iyakhula futhi ihlala ngokuzikhandla kuphela endaweni yayo yemvelo. Lolu hlobo nalo lubalulekile ngoba luyakwazi ukusebenza ngokuzikhandla ngisho nasesimo sezulu esingesihle. Ayikho imvula noma umoya ongavimbela inyosi yombazi ekunqobeni amabanga amade futhi ithole impova.
Inyosi idume ngokuthi "yodwa". Lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Ngaphandle kokuthi ngamunye uhlala ngokuhlukana, ngayinye isalokhu igcina ukuxhumana nezinye izinyosi. Lokhu kungenxa yesifiso sokuzala. Endaweni eyodwa, njengomthetho, kunezinsikazi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha nowesilisa oyedwa, evikela indawo yayo.
Lapho kuvela owesifazane omusha endaweni yakhe, owesilisa ukhuphuka kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka futhi aqale ukwenza umsindo omkhulu, ahehe ozayo. Uma ukubhuza okunamandla kungenamthelela, owesilisa uyakwazi ukugibela esidlekeni sakhe abuyele emuva. Lokhu ukwenza kaningi njengoba kuthatha okhethiweyo ukuthi amnake.
Uma uthola le nyosi ngaphakathi kwekhaya lakho, kufanelekile ukuthatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo. Kepha okokuqala, kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi ngabe Inyosi yombazi encwadini ebomvu noma cha... Imininingwane yakamuva evela kososayensi ikhombisa ukuthi inani lalaba bantu abahlukile liyancipha ngokushesha.
Ukuthola indawo yokuhlala kwezinyosi, kunamaqiniso ambalwa okufanele uwagcine engqondweni:
- indawo yokuhlala eyintandokazi yomile i-softwood;
- ekwakheni isidleke, isinambuzane sikhetha izinto zemvelo kuphela, ngakho-ke akufanele ufune isinambuzane, ngokwesibonelo, kufenisha ephathwe ngopende nama-varnishi;
- qapha ukunyakaza kwenyosi entwasahlobo lapho izinambuzane ezincane zifuna indawo yokwakha isidleke sazo.
Uma kutholakala, akudingekile ukuqeda ngokuphelele izinambuzane. Kwanele "ukubakhipha" emakhaya abo ngophethiloli, ubuthi bezolimo noma amanzi ajwayelekile. Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uvale zonke izimbobo esidlekeni. Enye indlela ethokozisayo ukuphatha isidleke kanye nendawo ezungezile ngezicucu ze-citrus.
I-Lemon, i-bergamot, i-lime, i-orange izokwenza. Qaphela lapho usebenzisa amakhemikhali. Sebenzisa okokuvikela. Zizokuvikela kumakhemikhali nasekuhlaselweni okungalindelekile kwenyosi ethukuthele.
