I-Orchid mantis - isinambuzane, eyathola igama layo langempela ngenxa yokufana kwayo ne-orchid. Buqamama, ngeso lenyama, lezi zinhlayiya zemikhuleko yokuthandaza zingadidaniswa nehlumela le-orchid.
Izindwangu zokuthandaza, ngenxa yezici zazo ngazinye, izinambuzane ezingavamile futhi ezinhle ngokumangalisayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwazo, zinamandla okuziguqula njengezinto nezitshalo ezihlala kuzo. "Ukufihla" kwama-mantis athandazayo kusimo se: amaqabunga, iziqu, amagxolo ezihlahla, amagatsha, amacembe ezimbali, ubulembu.
Incazelo nezici
Ukufuna ukwazi yilo kanye iqiniso lokuthi ibukeka kanjani imantis ye-orchid... Ukubukeka kwazo kutholakala ngombala wangaphandle oyingqayizivele ohlobene kuphela nalezi zinhlobo ezingaphansi, kunezinye izinhlobo zamamantongomane okuthandaza. Ama-orchid subspecies anemibala eminingi emhlophe yomzimba wawo.
Imibala yethulwe ngesisekelo sombala kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kupinki oshisayo. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwendawo nendawo yokuhlala, ingashintsha umbala wayo esikhathini esithile sempilo. Imvamisa umbala ongaphezulu uncike ezinhlobonhlobo nombala wezimbali ze-orchid lapho kuhlala khona ama-mantises akhulekayo.
Ikhono elinjalo elithakazelisayo nelimangazayo "lokuzifihla" liphathwa ikakhulukazi yisizukulwane esisha. Imvamisa, abamele ama-orchid subspecies anombala omhlophe womzimba awushintshi umbala wabo wemvelo futhi bahlala nawo impilo yabo yonke.
Imantis yokuthandaza ye-orchid ibalwa phakathi kwezilwane ezizingelayo. Ziyakwazi ukuhlasela nokuzingela izilwane eziphakeme kakhulu ngosayizi. Ukukhula kwama-arthropod uqobo kuncike ebulilini.
Abesilisa ngokuvamile baba cishe isigamu esikhulu njengabesifazane futhi cishe bangamasentimitha ayi-9 ubude. Ubulili be-orchid mantis buvezwa ubude bomzimba nezimpawu ezincane eziqondile esiswini: abesifazane banamamaki ayisithupha, abesilisa abayisishiyagalombili.
Ngokwesakhiwo somzimba sangaphandle, i-orchid mantis iyefana nezimbali eziqhakazile. Izidladla zezinambuzane zisatshalaliswa zibe amacembe. "Ukuziguqula" njenge-orchid kusiza ama-mantis akhulekayo ukuthi azivikele ezitheni ezizingelayo futhi azingele inyamazane yodwa, ngokucijile futhi anganakile.
Le nhlobonhlobo, njengabo bonke abanye abazalwane, ibonakala ngamehlo amakhulu aphumela ngaphandle futhi abekwe ezinhlangothini zekhanda. Banamehlo amahlanu esewonke: amehlo amabili amakhulu atholakala ohlangothini lwekhanda namathathu amancane - eduze kwamadevu. Zihlukile kwamanye ama-arthropod ngombono othuthukiswe kahle.
Iyakwazi ukuthatha noma yikuphi ukunyakaza ezindaweni ezikude. Elinye ikhono elihlukile elihlotshaniswa nombono ukuthi izinhlobo ze-orchid zingabona kalula izinto ezingemuva kwazo zingaphenduki. Lokhu kungenxa yamehlo abheke kude futhi aphumile.
Umlomo wesinambuzane "ubheka" phansi, okuyisici esivelele sezinambuzane ezidlayo, okuvame ukuthi zidle ukudla kwazo. Ama-Orchid mantises ahamba ngokushesha okukhulu, ama-jumpers amahle nabagijimi. Zisuka kwenye indawo ziye kwenye ngokugijima okusheshayo. Abesilisa abasebasha banesici esihlukile - bangandiza.
Izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-2000 zemithandazo yokuthandaza emhlabeni wonke. Ezinye zazo zicishe zifane komunye nomunye futhi zinezici ezincane ezihlukile. Izinhlobo ezijwayele ukuhlangana njalo zemithandazwabantu yokuthandaza:
- Okuvamile. Ukuphila emazweni aseYurophu nase-Asia, akuvamile ukutholakala e-Afrika. Inkulu ngosayizi, umbala unamachashaza aluhlaza nansundu.
- IsiShayina. Ezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa ezikwazi ukundiza. Zinephethini ngesimo sabafundi ezinqeni zayo, ezethusa ngazo izitha zazo.
- Izimbali zaseNdiya. Bahlala ikakhulu emazweni ase-Asia. Enye yezintombi ezincanyana zokuthandaza emhlabeni. Kukhona ama-spikes osayizi abehlukene phezulu kwemilenze. Ngenxa yosayizi wabo omncane, bayakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle kwezinkinga ukundiza amabanga adingekayo.
- Umthwali wesihlangu waseMalaysia. Kusatshalaliswe ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia, ezinomswakama ophezulu. Izinhlobo zivame ukukhuliswa ekhaya.
- Amehlo anameva. I-mantis yokuthandaza inkulu kakhulu ngosayizi, cishe i-14 cm ihlala ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zase-Afrika. Ngokubukeka, ama-subspecies awakwazi ukuhlukaniswa namagatsha namaqabunga ezihlahla, ngoba anokufana okufanayo. Amehlo anezikhukhula ezime ngameva.
- Ikhakhasi. Uyehluka ngesimo sobungane futhi esingenabungozi. Ngokungafani nezidliwayo-izizukulwane zayo, ayihlaseli izilwane ezinkulu kunayo. Ukuqeda ingozi, bathatha isimo esesabekayo.
Ama-subspecies ase-Asia avame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqeda ama-parasites, izinambuzane, izinambuzane ezithwala izifo eziyingozi ezibangelwa amagciwane.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Abesifazane babonakala ngesimo esibi, nesihluku. Ukugwema izinkinga phakathi kwama-orchid mantives athunjiwe, abesifazane kumele bahlukaniswe nabesilisa.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi abesifazane abalambe kakhulu bayakwazi ukuhlasela abesilisa badle nabo. Ngama-mantis orchid mantizing, uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye, izimo ezinjalo zivela kancane, kepha azikhishwa.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abesilisa bahlukaniswa yisimo sabo sobungane. Bazwana kahle kakhulu komunye nomunye, ngakho-ke, ekuthunjweni, bavame ukuhlala emaqenjini amancane abazalwane abangu-4-6. Ngenxa yobutha nesihluku sabantu besifazane kwabobulili obuhlukile, inani labesilisa lincane kakhulu kunenani labesifazane.
Yize abesilisa benesimo esihle, ama-mantis wokuthandaza asabhekwa njengezilwane ezimbi nezinobutha. I-orchid mantis ihlala khona emahlathini, lapho isimo sezulu simanzi. Zitholakala ezifundeni ezinamahlathi aminyene, izindawo ezishisayo: eMalaysia, eVietnam, e-Indonesia naseNdiya.
Izimbali, ikakhulukazi ama-orchid, zibhekwa njengendawo yokuhlala yama-arthropods. Bathanda "ukuhlala phansi" izinhlobo ezahlukene zohlaza. Ekuthunjweni, i-orchid mantis ihlala futhi igcinwe ezindaweni ezikhethekile. Ukuze uhlale ngokunethezeka, umswakama omuhle uyadingeka, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi se-molting.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Kungenzeka, I-orchid mantis esithombeni kubonakala kungenangozi futhi kuzolile, kepha ukubukeka kuyakhohlisa. Ososayensi bathi iBogomolov yizilwane ezidla ezinye, futhi, njengoba sekukhonjisiwe, abesifazane bayakwazi ukudla owesilisa ngaphandle kokuzisola.
Izindwangu zokukhuleka ze-orchid zidla kakhulu amabhu, izimpukane, izinyosi, izimvemvane, izintethe, izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane ezinamaphiko. Izindwangu zokuthandaza zaziwa ngokuhlasela izilwane ezinkulu kakhulu kunazo, hhayi izinambuzane. Imvamisa, bazingela izinyoka ezincane, izinyoni, amaxoxo namagundane. Ngenxa yomhlathi wabo oqinile, ama-mantis akhulekayo akuthola kulula ukuzingela nokubhekana nokudla.
Ekhaya, indlela yokudla yehlukile ekudleni ekuthunjweni. Inzuzo enkulu inikezwa ukudla "bukhoma" okuncane okuncane. Futhi, ukudla okususelwa ezitshalweni, okune-fiber eningi, kuyasetshenziswa. Imvamisa lezi yizithelo ezingekho i-asidi ngokuvumelana okuminyene.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abamele abesilisa bafinyelela ebusheni ngokushesha, ngoba baba uhhafu wosayizi wabesifazane. Kukhona iqiniso elingavamile futhi elijabulisayo: nini Mantis wesifazane we-orchid ifinyelela ebusheni, bonke abesilisa abaneminyaka efanayo sebevele bafa, okuyinto endle ethinta abantu.
Ezimweni ezidalwe ngokukhethekile, kungenzeka ukubikezela ukwakheka kobulili bobabili ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Kubalulekile ukutshala owesilisa nowesifazane owondlekile futhi onelisekile; ukukhohlisa okunjalo kuzosindisa owesilisa esimweni esinonya sowesifazane.
Cishe ezinsukwini ezinhlanu emva kokukhulelwa, abesifazane baqala ukubeka amaqanda. Inani elilinganiselwe lamaqanda elibekelwa umuntu ngamunye lisuka ezingcezwini ezi-3 kuye kwezi-6. Inzalo esigabeni sokuqala ikhula ngohlobo lwamasaka amhlophe. Amaqanda aphenduka izibungu ngemuva kwenyanga nohhafu.
Banombala onsomi onsundu ocebile, okusiza ukuvikela inzalo ezitheni. Ukuze ukhule kahle futhi ube nempilo yezibungu, kudingeka i-microclimate enamazinga okushisa okungenani ama-25 degrees kanye nomswakama ophezulu kakhulu womoya. Isikhathi sokuphila sincike ezinhlotsheni. Ngokuvamile, ama-mantis wokuthandaza ahlala ezinyangeni ezinhlanu kuya kweziyi-12. Esikhathini esiningi, ubulili besifazane buphela kakhulu kowesilisa.
Inzuzo nokulimaza abantu
Mhlawumbe isimo semikhuleko yama-orchid yokuthandaza ezilwaneni eziyizilwane siyethusa, kepha lezi zilwane azinangozi nakancane kubantu, uma ulandela imithetho ethile lapho uxhumana nazo.
Njengezinye izihlobo zabo, zinenzuzo enkulu kubantu. Izilwane ezizingelwa ngokuthandaza zikhathaza abantu. Emazweni ase-Asia Ephakathi, la ma-arthropods amahle akhuliswa ngokukhethekile endaweni yasekhaya ukusiza ukulwa namagundane asekhaya nezinye izinambuzane. Eziningi zikhula futhi zigcine izinhlobo ze-orchid epulazini elizimele ukulwa nokusabalala "kwezakhamizi" eziyingozi.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya
Vele, angikunakanga ukuzalaniswa kwekhaya kwama-arthropod amahle ngendlela emangalisayo. Zifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezinto ezingaphandle. Lolu hlobo lwe-mantis yokuthandaza lubiza kakhulu phakathi kwabanye, ngenxa yokubukeka kwalo okungavamile nokuhle.
Intengo ephezulu yesinambuzane esisodwa ingaba ama-ruble angama-2500, kuyaqabukela kubize kakhulu. Lapho ezinye izinhlobo ezifuywayo zemantisisi zithandaza zingabizi kathathu, noma ngisho kahlanu. Kunzima ukuthola nokuthenga lolu hlobo oluthile eRussia.
Ukugcinwa kwemantis yokukhuleka kwe-Orchid kudinga imithetho ethile nolwazi. Kunconywa ukuthenga izibungu eziningi. Isikhathi sokuphila sifushane, ikakhulukazi kwabesilisa. Ngakho-ke, kuhle ukuhlela kusengaphambili futhi ubale ukuthi uzokulungela nini ukukhwelana, ukuthomba kwangaphambilini, owesilisa nowesifazane ukuze akhulelwe. Kunconywa ukuthenga abesifazane ngaphambi kwabesilisa.
Izindwangu zokukhuleka ze-orchid zifuna umswakama womoya. Ukukhuphukela ku-93% yisidingo esibaluleke kakhulu kokuqukethwe. Ngaphezu komswakama, izinga lokushisa akumele livunyelwe ukuba lehle, kufanele lidlule ama-degree angama-25. Ngalezi zinhloso, ezifundeni ezibandayo, kusetshenziswa amalambu akhethekile wokukhanya okwenziwayo, enekhono lokugcina umbuso wokushisa odingekayo.
Igumbi lokuphumula kumele libe nomoya owanele. I-terrarium kufanele iphindwe kathathu ukuphakama kwama-mantis akhulekayo. Ungathenga i-terrarium eyenziwe ngepulasitiki nengilazi. "Ingaphakathi" lendawo entsha yokuhlala izinambuzane kumele limbozwe ngeziqu ezincane namagatsha abazogibela kuwo. Ngezansi, gcwalisa amaqabunga ezihlahla ezichotshoziwe.
Lapho uphethe imantis yokuthandaza, awukwazi ukuyikhama ngezandla zakho; kungcono ukuphakamisa isandla sakho bese uvumela isilwane ukuba sizikhuphukele sodwa. Inzuzo enkulu yokuzalanisa ama-orchid mant mantises ekhaya ezindaweni zasogwini ukungabi nobunzima, njengakwezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.
Abathathi isikhala esiningi, abanuki iphunga elinyanyekayo, awukho umsindo ongaphandle kwabo. Abanye abantu banophawu lwezintandokazi ze-orchid. Abantu bakholelwa ukuthi ukuba nabo endlini kuxosha wonke amashwa nezinkinga.
