Omunye wabamele abangajwayelekile bezilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo - i-tapir... Ngaphandle, ufana nokufana nengulube. Iheha ikhala elithakazelisayo ngesimo se-proboscis encane nohlamvu olunobungane esilwaneni.
Incazelo nokubukeka kwezici
UTapir ungummeleli we-oda lezilwane ezinama-equid. Kuhunyushwe kusuka olimini lwezizwe zaseNingizimu Melika kusho ukuthi "obukhulu", wabizwa ngegama lesikhumba sakhe esijiyile. Umzimba onamandla, nokunwebeka kumuntu onemilenze eqinile nomsila omfushane. Emilenzeni yangaphambili kuneminwe emi-4, emilenzeni yangemuva kunengu-3. Isikhumba simbozwe ngoboya obufushane obukhulu obunemibala ehlukene, kuya ngohlobo.
Ekhanda, udebe olungaphezulu ngamakhala luye lwaqina, luphelela esithendeni esinezinwele ezizwelayo. Lokhu kwakha i-proboscis encane, esiza ngokudla nokuhlola indawo ezungezile.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma kwenzeka isilwane singaboni kahle. Isilinganiso sobude bomzimba we-tapir singamamitha ama-2, kanti ukuphakama kuyabuna ngaphakathi kwemitha. Ubude bomsila bungu-7-13 cm.Isisindo sifinyelela kuma-300 kg, kanti abesifazane bahlala bakhulu kunabesilisa.
Tapir isilwane, inezimfanelo zokuthula, iphatha abantu kahle, ngakho-ke kulula ukuthambisa. Izilwane ezincelisayo zincane kakhulu futhi ziyahamba kancane, kodwa zigijima ngokushesha ngezikhathi eziyingozi. Abathandi bokudlala nokubhukuda echibini.
Izinhlobo
Izinhlobo ezine zifundwa kahle kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo, munye kuphela ohlala ezindaweni eziphakeme. Uhlobo lwesihlanu lwatholakala muva nje.
1. I-tapir yaseMelika Ephakathi
Ubude bomzimba: 176-215 cm.
Ukuphakama kuyabuna (ukuphakama): 77-110cm.
Isisindo: 180-250 kg.
Indawo: Kusuka enyakatho yeMexico kuye e-Ecuador naseColombia.
Izici: Enye yezinhlobo ezingavamile futhi ezingafundiswanga kahle. Kuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinomswakama. Igcina iseduze namanzi, ukubhukuda okuhle kakhulu nokutshuza.
Ukubukeka: Isilwane esincelisayo esikhulu samahlathi aseMelika. Inomane omncane nejazi lamathoni amnyama ansundu. Indawo yezihlathi nentamo mpunga okhanyayo.
I-tapir yaseMelika Ephakathi
2. Intaba tapir
Ubude bomzimba: 180 cm.
Ukuphakama: 75-80cm.
Isisindo: 225-250 kg.
Indawo: EColombia, e-Ecuador, ePeru, eVenezuela.
Izici: Ummeli omncane kakhulu wama-tapir. Uhlala ezindaweni ezisezintabeni, ezikhuphukela ekuphakameni kwamamitha ayi-4000, kuya emngceleni ophansi weqhwa. Uhlobo olungajwayelekile olungafundwanga kahle.
Ukubukeka: Umzimba onwebekayo uphela ngomsila omfushane. Imilenze mincane futhi inemisipha, ngoba i-tapir yasentabeni kufanele inqobe izithiyo ezinamadwala. Umbala wejazi uyahlukahluka kusuka kokumnyama nsundu nokumnyama. Imikhawulo yezindlebe nezindlebe inombala okhanyayo.
Intaba tapir
3. I-tapir engenalutho
Ubude bomzimba: 198-202 cm.
Ukuphakama: 120cm.
Isisindo: 300 kg.
Indawo: ENingizimu Melika, ukusuka eColombia naseVenezuela kuya eBolivia naseParaguay.
Izici: Izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu futhi ezisabalele. I-Plain tapir ihola indlela yokuphila yodwa, ihlala emahlathini emvula asezindaweni ezishisayo. Izinsikazi zizala ithole elilodwa, libomvu ngokubomvu elinamachashaza nemivimbo yobude obude.
Ukubukeka: Isilwane esiqinile, esiqinile esinemilenze eqinile. Mncane, uqonde, uqinile. Umbala woboya ngemuva unombala onsundu futhi onsundu emilenzeni, ezingxenyeni zesisu nasesifubeni zomzimba. Kukhona umngcele okhanyayo ezindlebeni.
I-tapir engenalutho
4. I-tapir enesipele esimnyama
Ubude bomzimba: 185-240 cm.
Ukuphakama: 90-105cm.
Isisindo: 365 kg.
Indawo: Eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia (Thailand, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeBurma, eMallaka Peninsula naseziqhingini ezingomakhelwane).
Izici: Izinhlobo kuphela ezihlala e-Asia. Zihlukaniswa ngombala okhethekile omnyama nomhlophe kanye nesiqu esinamade. Awukwazi ukubhukuda kuphela, kepha futhi hamba phansi ezansi kwedamu. Ihlala ihamba ngesilayidi esingcolile, isusa imikhaza nezinye izimuncagazi.
Ukubukeka:I-tapir enesipele esimnyama iheha ngemibala engavamile. Endaweni engemuva, kwakhiwa indawo emhlophe mpunga (indwangu yesali), efana nengubo. Amanye amajazi amnyama, acishe abe mnyama. Izindlebe nazo zinomngcele omhlophe. Ijazi lincane, akukho mane emuva kwekhanda. Isikhumba esijiyile ekhanda, esifinyelela ku-20-25 mm, siyisivikelo esihle ekulunyweni yizilwane.
I-tapir enesipele esimnyama
5. Itapir encane emnyama
Ubude bomzimba: 130 cm.
Ukuphakama: 90 cm.
Isisindo: 110 kg.
I-Habitat: ihlala ezindaweni ze-Amazon (eBrazil, eColombia)
Izici: Okusanda kutholwa izingibe zekhamera. Insikazi inkulu kunowesilisa. Uhlobo oluncane kakhulu nolungafundiswanga kahle.
Ukubukeka: Abantu abanezinwele ezinsundu noma ezimpunga ezimnyama. Abesifazane banendawo ekhanyayo engxenyeni engezansi yesilevu nentamo.
Itapir encane emnyama
Indawo yokuhlala kanye nendlela yokuphila
Esinye sezilwane ezindala kunazo zonke. Manje sekusele izinhlobo ezi-5 kuphela. Izitha zezilwane emhlabeni ama-jaguar, amahlosi, izinhlwathi, amabhere, emanzini - izingwenya. Kepha usongo olukhulu luvela kubantu. Ukuzingela kunciphisa imfuyo, futhi ukugawulwa kwamahlathi kunciphisa indawo yokuhlala.
Ukutadisha lo mbuzo, itapir ihlala kuliphi izwekazi, kubalulekile ukuthi izindawo zokuhlala zehle kakhulu. Izinhlobo eziyisi-4 eziyinhloko zihlala eMelika Ephakathi nasezifundeni ezifudumele zaseNingizimu Melika. Futhi enye isemazweni aseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
Lezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingabathandi bamahlathi aswakeme, aminyene, lapho kunezitshalo eziningi eziluhlaza. Futhi kufanele kube khona ichibi noma umfula eduzane, ngoba bachitha isikhathi esiningi echibini, bayabhukuda futhi bacwile ngenjabulo.
Izilwane ziyasebenza kusihlwa nasebusuku, ngakho-ke thola i-tapir kunzima kakhulu emini. Izilwane zasentabeni ziphapheme emini. Uma kuvela ingozi, bangashintshela endleleni yokuphila yasebusuku. Ngenkathi eyomile noma ngomthelela omubi womuntu endaweni yokuhlala, izilwane ziyafuduka.
ITapir igijima ngejubane, ingagxuma, ikhase, ngoba kufanele ihambe emahlathini aminyene ngezihlahla eziwile noma eceleni kwemithambeka yezintaba. Ukuzilibazisa akuthandayo ukubhukuda nokuntywila. Futhi abanye abantu bangadla ulwelwe ngaphansi kwamanzi.
ITapir yaseMexico
Ama-tapir asezindaweni ezihlala phansi ahlala wodwa futhi ngokuvamile abonisa isimo esinolaka lapho ehlangana. Izilwane ziphawula indawo yazo, ngakho-ke zinenzondo kubantu ezingabazi. Baxhumana bodwa ngemisindo ebukhali, ehlabayo efana nempempe. Lapho besaba, babaleka, kuyaqabukela bengakwazi ukuluma.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izimila ezicebile zamahlathi aswakeme ziwumthombo oyinhloko wokudla kwezilwane. Ukudla kukaTapir kufaka amaqabunga ezihlahla, izihlahla noma amasundu amancane, amahlumela, izithelo eziwile. Abathandi bokubhukuda nokudilika echibini, bangadla ulwelwe kusuka ezansi.
Ngenxa yokuthi izindawo zokuhlala ziyancipha, izilwane azikwazi ukuthola izithelo ezihlwabusayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Bahlasela indawo yokulima, badla amahlumela e-cocoa, babhubhise amahlathi amnyama omoba, umango, ibhece. Lokhu kulimaza amasimu. Futhi abanikazi bathatha izinyathelo ezinqala ngokudubula ama-tapir.
AbakwaTapir bathanda ukudla amaqabunga namagatsha ezihlahla
Ubumnandi obuthandwa yizilwane ezincelisayo usawoti. Ngakho-ke, ngenxa yakhe, bahamba amabanga amade. Ubuningi obuphezulu bezitshalo ezidla imifino ezindaweni eziphansi zaseParaguay. Lapha umhlaba ucebile nge-sulphate nosawoti soda futhi izilwane zikhotha umhlabathi ngenjabulo. Zibuye zigcwalise isidingo sezinto zokulandela umkhondo ngokusebenzisa ushoki nobumba.
Othunjiwe tapir uhlala ezibayeni ezivaliwe ngosayizi okungenani ama-20 m² futhi njalo kunedamu. Badla ukudla okufanayo nezingulube: imifino, izithelo, utshani, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe. Ngenxa yokushoda kwelanga, noma uvithamini D, isilwane singasalela emuva ekukhuleni nasentuthukweni. Ngakho-ke, amavithamini nezinto ezilandelwayo zengezwa kokuphakelayo. Futhi isibiliboco, yiqiniso, sizoba izithelo ezimnandi, ushukela, ama-crackers.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kwabantu ngabanye kwenzeka ngeminyaka engu-3-4. Insikazi icishe ibe ngu-100 kg kukhulu kunowesilisa, futhi ngaphandle ayihlukile ngombala. Ukubhangqa ama-tapir kwenzeka unyaka wonke futhi owesifazane uqalisa lobu budlelwano. Inqubo yokuqhudelana ayenzeki emhlabeni kuphela, kodwa nasemanzini.
Ngesikhathi semidlalo yokukhwelana, owesilisa ugijimisa insikazi isikhathi eside futhi enze imisindo yokububula efana nokushaya ikhwela noma ukukhala. Abalingani bezocansi abahlukile ngokwethembeka, unyaka nonyaka abesifazane bayashintsha owesilisa. Ukukhulelwa kwama-tapir kuhlala isikhathi esingaphezudlwana konyaka, cishe izinyanga eziyi-14.
I-Baby Mountain Tapir
Ngenxa yalokho, kuzalwa ingane, imvamisa eyodwa. Isisindo esijwayelekile somntwana singama-4-8 kg (kuyehluka kuye ngohlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane). Kancane tapir esithombeni umbala wehlukile kunina. Ijazi linemicikilisho nemisho enamachashazi. Lo mbono usiza ukucasha ehlathini eliminyene. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, lo mbala uyahamba.
Esontweni lokuqala, ingane nonina bacasha ngaphansi kwendawo yokukhosela emahlathini. Umama wondla ubisi ulele phansi. Futhi kusukela ngesonto elizayo, izinyane liyamlandela lifuna ukudla. Kancane kancane, owesifazane ufundisa ingane ukutshala ukudla.
Ukuncelisa ubisi kuyaphela ngemuva konyaka. Ngeminyaka eyi-1.5 ubudala, amawundlu afinyelela usayizi wabantu abadala, futhi ukuthomba kwenzeka ngeminyaka engu-3-4. Ngokwesilinganiso, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle, ama-tapir aphila cishe iminyaka engama-30. Ngisho nasekuthunjweni, bangafika kule minyaka.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo nge-tapir
- Ezinye zezilwane zasendulo. Phila iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-55.
- Ngo-2013, izazi zezilwane zaseBrazil zathola uhlobo lwesihlanu, iLowerer Black Tapir. Ingenye yama-artiodactyls okuqala atholakala eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule.
- Izihlobo ezikude zalezi zilwane ezincelisayo zingobhejane namahhashi. Ama-tapir anamuhla anokufana okuthile namahhashi asendulo.
- Umlomo ofinyene kanye neshubhu lokuphefumula kusiza isilwane ngesikhathi sokuntywila. Ingacwiliswa imizuzu embalwa. Ngakho-ke, ukubalekela izitha.
- Ekuthunjweni, ama-tapir asekhaya futhi athambile.
- Manje ama-tapir avikelwe futhi zonke izinhlobo zezilwane, kungabalwa lezo ezisezansi, zibhalwe kuRed Book lomhlaba wonke. Cishe izinhlobo eziwu-13 zalezi zilwane sezinyamalele.
- Abantu base-Asia bakholelwa ukuthi uma wenza itshe noma umfanekiso wokhuni we-tapir, khona-ke uzosindisa umnikazi emaphusheni amabi. Ngalokhu bambiza ngokuthi "umudli wamaphupho"
- EBrazil, ama-tapir angena emanzini aklaba. Ngaphansi komfula, amachibi adla ulwelwe.
- Ngesikhathi sezinqubo zamanzi, izinhlanzi ezincane zihlanza ijazi futhi zibhubhise izimuncagazi esikhunjeni.
- Izilwane zinokudla okunothile. Zidla izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100 zezimila.
- Abantu bendawo bazingela i-tapir nezinja. Futhi uma engenaso isikhathi sokucasha emanzini, uyadlula. Bayayazisa inyama kuyo. Futhi iziphandla zenziwa ngamatshe atholakala esiswini.
Ukuzingela inyama ngokungekho emthethweni, izikhumba ezijiyile nokugawulwa kwamahlathi ezindaweni zabo kunomthelela omubi kubantu. Ukuqothulwa okungalawuleki kwama-tapir kunciphisa inani lezilwane futhi kuholele ekuqothulweni kwezinhlobo.
