Izimpisi ziphakathi kwezilwane ezibabazekayo ezihlala emahlathini nasemathafeni. Mahle, mancane futhi agxile njalo. Lesi silo sivame ukunikwa izimfanelo zobuntu futhi sigqamiswa ezinganekwaneni. Impisi iwuphawu lwamandla endabeni. Kufanelwe kahle.
Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zalesi silwane ngokwemvelo. Amagama ezinhlobo zezimpisi: Mackenzian, grey, marsupial, obomvu, owesabekayo, polar, maned, njll Zonke izinhlobo zezimpisi ziyehluka ngosayizi womzimba, umbala nobuningi koboya, indawo yokuhlala kanye nemikhuba. Ake sihlale kuzo ngokuningiliziwe.
Impisi kaMackenzian
INyakatho Melika iyizwekazi elimangalisayo. Izilwane eziningi ziphephele lapho, kubandakanya nomele iMackenzian. Lokhu ukubuka kwempisi esithombeni kuvamise ukuboniswa ngomlomo ogcwele igazi. Isilo esinjalo sithathwa njengomunye wabazingeli bamathafa abomele igazi.
Umzimba omkhulu umsiza ukubulala izilwane ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, noma kunalokho, isifuba esinamandla nemilenze emide ehamba ngisho nasezindaweni ezinzima. Uhlelo lokuphefumula lwalesi silwane luthuthukiswe kahle. Ngisho nangemva kokuhamba amakhilomitha ayi-100, impisi yaseMackenzian ngeke ibhekane nenkinga yokuphefumula.
Impumulo iyingxenye yomzimba wesilwane esengozini yokubandayo, ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokulala, ivame ukuyimboza ngoboya bomsila wayo omude. Lokhu kugcina isilwane sifudumele. I-sternum yempisi yaseMackenzian imbozwe izinwele ezilula, kanti emuva nomsila kumnyama.
Lo mzingeli uhlala ezingela inyamazane nozakwabo. Imvamisa, eqenjini elilodwa lezimpisi zaseMakenzian, kuba nabantu abangafika kwabayishumi. Imihlambi ihlasela kakhulu imifino emikhulu efana ne-moose ne-bison.
Impisi Ebomvu
Lokhu kakhulu impisi engavamileehlala ezintabeni zaseNingizimu ne-Asia Ephakathi. I-specimen icaciselwe izinwele zayo ezibomvu. Abanye izinhlobo zezimpisi ezibomvu zigcwele izindawo ezithile. Banelinye igama - "buanzu".
Impisi ebomvu icishe ifane nempungushe nempungushe. Isidlakela esikhulu futhi esinoboya obukhulu. Umsila wesilwane mude kangangokuba kufanele uwuhudule phansi. Ezingxenyeni zomgogodla nezingaphakathi zomzimba, izinwele ezimnyama zingabonakala, kepha azanele. IBuanzu izalwa ingabomvu, kepha nsundu. Njengoba ikhula, iwundlu lempisi liyakhanya.
Njengoba isimo sezulu sishintsha, noboya besilwane buyashintsha. Ehlobo kunzima kakhulu, kanti ebusika, kunalokho, kumnene futhi kuthambile. Futhi ngenkathi ebandayo iba lula kancane. Ukuvela kwempisi ebomvu kuncike kakhulu endaweni ehlala kuyo.
Isibonelo, abantu abatholakala e-Indochina banejazi elide kakhulu futhi elithambile, kuyilapho "amaPakistan" kanye "nama-Afghans" anemifushane. Into ethokozisayo yalolu hlobo yisibalo esincane kakhulu samazinyo phakathi kwazo zonke izimpisi.
Impisi yasolwandle
Indawo yokuhlala yale mpisi enhle emhlophe yi-Arctic, ngakho-ke izazi eziningi zezilwane ziyibiza nangokuthi "i-Arctic". Isilwane asesabi nakancane ukushisa okuphansi, kuvikelwe kubo ngoboya obude obude. Uboya besilwane buminyene kangangokuba nemvula ebandayo nomoya onamandla ababesabi.
Izinqolobane zebhayoloji zokudla zalezi zinhlobo ezise-Arctic ziyindlala. Ngalesi sizathu, lapho isilwane sibulala isisulu saso, kuyaqabukela sishiye inyama yaso "endaweni ebekiwe", sizama ngokuphelele ukuyidla. Ngendlela, impisi yase-polar isungule njengomzingeli omuhle kakhulu. Ekufuneni isisulu, usizwa ngephunga elithuthukile nombono omuhle kakhulu.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngenxa yokushoda kokudla, ingazila isonto elilodwa kuya kwele-2. Kungani le mpisi enhle isesigabeni sokuqothulwa? Kunezizathu ezi-2:
- Ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa zase-Arctic, okubangelwa ukufudumala kwembulunga yonke emhlabeni.
- Ukunakwa okwandayo kwabazingeli eboyeni obumhlophe njengeqhwa bempisi.
Impisi kaMarsupial
Namuhla, akukho ndawo eMhlabeni, impisi ye-marsupial ayitholakali. Lezi zinhlobo zithathwa ngokusemthethweni njengezaphela. Umzimba wesidalwa esinjalo wafinyelela ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-120 ubude, futhi sasinesisindo esingama-30 kg. Kutholwe endaweni yase-Australia yanamuhla.
Ukubukeka kwesilo kwakufana nenja kunempisi. Wayenejazi elifushane kodwa elijiyile kakhulu. Lapho uthinta, kwakunzima. Imivimbo yagijimela emzimbeni wempisi eyi-marsupial. Endaweni yehlathi, abantu abanjalo babekhethwa njengendawo yokulala emhumeni, futhi uma kungenakwenzeka ukubathola, kwakhiwa imigodi yokhuni.
Impisi ye-marsupial cishe ayikaze ihlangane nabanye abantu, bakhe imihlambi. Kepha, kwakukhona amacala aziwayo empilo ebhangqiwe yalezi zilwane. Izwi lesilo belihluke kakhulu kunelizwi elenziwa ezinye izimpisi. Wayefana nokukhwehlela, wayengezwa futhi ethule.
Impisi eqondile
Olunye uhlobo lwempisi olungasekho. Lesi yisilwane esikhulu, umzimba waso wafinyelela ngaphezu kwamamitha ayi-1.5 ubude. Futhi yayinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-60 kg. Indawo yayo kwakuyiNyakatho Melika. Kusuka kwimpisi empunga, eyesabekayo yahlukaniswa nosayizi womzimba wayo omkhulu nemilenze eqinile.
Wayengomunye izinto main ukuzingela abantu bakudala. Kunzima ukusho kahle ukuthi zazizingelwa ubani izimpisi ezimbi ngokwazo. Kodwa-ke, ku-zoology kune-axiom - isisindo somzimba wesilwane esidliwayo asikwazi ukuba ngaphezu kwesisindo esiphelele sawo wonke amalungu omhlambi ohlaselayo.
Ngokuya ngalokhu, singaphetha ngokuthi ngesikhathi sokuphila kwempisi ebabazekayo, wahlasela ngokuyinhloko inyathi, isisindo sayo esingaphezu kwama-300 kg. Kepha umhlambi walezi zilwane ezinamandla wawungakwazi ukudla inyathi nsuku zonke, ngakho-ke, babevame ukudla izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu zasemanzini ezigezwe ogwini.
Impisi yase-Ethiopia
Ukuvela kwempisi iningi lifana nempungushe. Umuntu onjalo unomthunzi obomvu okhanyayo woboya, ngaphansi komsila kuma-paws nangaphambi kwentamo kukhona uboya obumhlophe obumhlophe. Izindlebe zesilwane zinde futhi zibanzi. Kugcwele eTopiya, uhlobo olusengozini yezimpisi... Lokhu akubangelwa ukuzingela, kodwa ukulahleka kwe-banal kokuhluka kofuzo, ngoba lesi silwane sivame ukuhlangana nezinja zase-Afrika.
Isilwane sishesha kakhulu futhi sishesha. Imilenze emide iyamsiza athole isivinini sokunyakaza esihlaba umxhwele. Impisi yase-Ethiopia ayihlaseli umdlalo omkhulu, inentshisekelo kuphela ezilwaneni ezincane zehlathi, ngokwesibonelo, hares, amagundane noma amagundane. Isilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke lesilwane esidinga ukusihlasela yinyamazane.
Impisi enamanzi
Isilo sathola isiteketiso esinjalo ngenxa yejazi laso elide, elibucayi, elifana nemane, kodwa hhayi ibhubesi, kodwa ihhashi. Uboya obufushane bukhona kuphela ezithweni zomuntu ngamunye. Impisi enombala itholakala emazweni amaningana eNingizimu Melika, kuhlanganise naseBrazil.
Umbala woboya besilwane ubomvu, kepha kunezindawo ezimnyama emilenzeni, entanyeni nasemsileni. Impisi enomhluzi ithanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingamahlathi aminyene lapho kunezitshalo ezinde khona. Isici esithile esiyinhloko salolu hlobo izinyawo ezinde. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo ezimbalwa zezimpisi ezithanda ukuzingela zodwa, ngaphandle kwabafowabo.
Isilwane sishushuluza buthule phakathi kwamahlathi ukuze sisondele buthule inyamazane, bese siphela ngokungazelelwe, siyihlasele. Ngaphandle kwezilwane ezincane, impisi enomhlwenga idla izinyoni nezithelo. Kuyaqabukela, ahlangane nezinye izimpisi ahlasele imfuyo. Isilo esinjalo singokomndeni "womndeni" (oyedwa). Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amawundlu empisi enombala aphenduka abomvu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Zizalwa zibe nsundu noma zimnyama.
Impisi yeTundra
Uboya obude obukhanyayo yibo obenza impisi ye-tundra ivelele kwezinye izilwane. Kutholakala eRussia. Usayizi womzimba uphansi kancane kune-arctic. Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi iSiberia.
Ukuze sisuthe ngokugcwele, isilwane kufanele sidle okungenani i-10 kg yenyama. Kepha inhlanhla enjalo ayivamile kuye. Lapho isilwane singahlangabezani nomdlalo omkhulu, singazondla ngegundane noma ngonogwaja.
E-Siberia, ungathola impisi ye-tundra ensundu, kodwa zimbalwa, kaningi ezikhanyayo. Lokhu izinhlobo zezimpisi eRussia kubhekwa njengenye yezinto eziqaphe kakhulu. Isilwane sibalekela abantu njalo.
Impisi yaseMongolia
Lolu hlobo lwe-canine lincane kakhulu kune-tundra eyodwa. Isisindo esiphezulu sempisi yaseMongolia singama-38 kg. Uboya obumpunga obukhanyayo bukhona emzimbeni wesilwane. Bahlala eRussia, ePrimorsky Territory.
Impisi yaseMongolia iyisilwane esiqinile kakhulu. Angasukela isisulu sakhe amahora ambalwa. Ukuzingelwa kwezilwane ezinjalo kuvame ukuphela ngeqiniso lokuthi inyamazane yazo iwela phansi iphelelwe amandla. Izimpisi bese ziyamgxumela. Indlela ethokozisayo yokuphishekela kwabo ukuthi bagijimisana kancane, ngokulandelana, kukholamu eyodwa ende.
Impisi ebomvu
Izazi zezilwane zisaphikisana ngokuhlukaniswa kwesilwane esinjalo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi impisi ebomvu ukubona kwempisi empungakanti abanye bathi uhlobo oluhlukile lwe-canine. Kukhona futhi inguqulo yokuthi lesi silwane siyingxube ye-coyote nempisi ejwayelekile.
Namuhla lesi silo sitholakala kwezinye izifundazwe zaseMelika, ngokwesibonelo, eTexas. Inani labo lincane, ngakho-ke lezi zinhlobo zithathwa njengezisengozini. Umbala wejazi lesilwane ubomvu ngokubomvu. Kepha eLouisiana ungathola abameleli abamnyama balezi zinhlobo. Banengubo yobude obumaphakathi, izindlebe ezinde nezidladla eziqinile, ezizacile.
Ngokwemikhuba nokuthandayo ekudleni, isilwane asihlukile kumlingani waso "ompunga". Njengempisi empunga, obomvu uncamela ukuhlala eduze kwezihlobo zakhe. Kodwa-ke, isilwane esinjalo asiqali amaqembu amakhulu. Iphakethe ngalinye lempisi ebomvu alibandakanyi abantu abangaphansi kwabangu-8-10. Lesi silwane sinomfazi oyedwa.
Ngenkathi iphakethe liyozingela, impisi ebuthakathaka isala ukunakekela amazinyane. Ngendlela, izimpisi ezibomvu zondla ikakhulukazi kuma-raccoons namagundane aphakathi nendawo. Kancane kakhulu, bayakwazi ukubamba badle inyamazane enkulu, ngokwesibonelo, i-elk.
Impisi yaseMpumalanga
Ku-zoology, kunezinombolo eziningi zezinguqulo maqondana nokuhlukaniswa kwalezi zinhlobo ze-canine. Ngokombono ovame kakhulu, impisi yasempumalanga iyinhlanganisela yempisi ebomvu nebomvu. Isilwane esinjalo sihlala esifundazweni saseCanada i-Ontario.
Lesi sidlakela asisikhulu. Ukukala komzimba wakhe - kufika kumasentimitha angama-80. Unombala ompunga ophuzi. Ijazi lesilwane likhulu kakhulu futhi liminyene. Impisi yasempumalanga iyisilwane senhlalo, kepha ayithandi ukwakha amaqembu amaningi. Emhlanjini owodwa ngeke kube nabantu abedlula ama-3-5.
Lolu hlobo lomzingeli lubhekwa njengomzingeli oncomekayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nonogada omuhle kakhulu. Uma esinye isilwane sizulazula endaweni yempisi esempumalanga, nakanjani sizohlaselwa yiwo wonke amalungu epakethe. Emahlathini ahlabayo, izilwane zivame ukuzingela ama-beaver nezilwane ezinkulu ezincelisayo ezifana ne-elk.
Impisi yaseMelville
Indawo yesilwane yisiqhingi saseGreenland. Impisi yaseMelville ayinesisindo esingeqile ku-45 kg, noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bafinyelela kuma-70 kg. Izimpisi ezimhlophe nezimhlophe zaseMelville zingatholakala esiqhingini saseGreenland. Uboya babo bukhulu futhi bude impela. Ukucaciswa kwalezi zinhlobo izindlebe ezincane.
Umuntu oyedwa ngeke akwazi ukubulala inyamazane enkulu, ngakho-ke, ezinhlotsheni ezinjalo, kuyadingeka ukuhlanganisa. Izimpisi zaseMelville zizingela abantu abayi-6-9. Imvamisa, izilwane zilandelela umhlambi wezinkunzi noma wezimvu, zibheke bese zikhomba ezibuthakathaka.
Iqiniso ngukuthi isilwane esikhulu esinamandla singaqala ukumelana futhi size sihlasele impisi ngokuphendula. Uyakwazi lokhu, ngakho-ke, akaze angene empini nalokho. Izimpisi zaseMelville zichitha ubusuku emihumeni engajulile enamadwala. Izimo zokuphila zesilo esinjalo zinzima impela. Lokhu kubonakala ezinombolweni zayo.
Dingo
Kuze kube manje, izazi zezinto eziphilayo azikafiki esivumelwaneni maqondana nokuhlukaniswa kwama-dingoes. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi isilwane siyinja yasendle, asihlangene nempisi, kanti abanye - ukuthi idingo luhlobo oluzimele ngokuphelele "lwempisi". Ngandlela-thile, kukhona inguqulo yokuthi uyinzalo yempisi yaseNdiya, futhi, i-purebred. Ngakho-ke, lesi silwane kubhekwe esihlokweni.
Lezi zinhlobo zisabalele e-Australia nase-Asia. IDingo itholakala ngisho naseNew Guinea. Isidliwayo esakheke kahle, sasebusuku esinoboya obukhulu obukhulu. Kepha emzimbeni wedingo kukhona nezinwele ezimhlophe (onqenqemeni lwesifonyo, umsila kanye ne-sternum). ENew Guinea, kukhona nama-dingo amnyama, anezinwele ezinsundu noma ezimnyama.
Yize inemvelo "yezinja", lolu hlobo lwesilwane alusoze lwenza umsindo ofana nokukhonkotha kwenja. Kepha ukhala ngokufaniswa nempisi. Lesi silwane sejinja sihlala eduze nedamu. Njengendawo yokulala, idingo likhetha imigodi emikhulu yokhuni, izimbobo noma imihume.
Kuyathakazelisa! Abamele base-Asia balezi zinhlobo abesabi abantu, kepha, kunalokho, bakhetha ukuhlala eduze kwabo. Iqiniso ngukuthi abantu bavame ukuphakela ama-dingo. Ngendlela, inja ebomvu yempisi ihlangana nohlobo lwayo, yakha amaqembu amancane. Umholi nowesifazane wakhe kuphela abanelungelo lokuzala kabusha.
Impisi yehlathi laseRussia Ephakathi
Lo mmeleli wezilwane ezincelisayo ezidlayo ukhulu kunempisi ye-tundra. Umbala woboya bakhe obukhulu kakhulu mpunga wakudala. I-sternum yesilwane ilula ukwedlula umhlane wayo. Inezinwele ezilula. Isisindo esimaphakathi sempisi yehlathi laseCentral Russian yi-40 kg.
Lesi silwane esinolaka siyatholakala emahlathini aseCentral Russia. E-Altai, ungathola izimpisi ezinkulu zase-Central Russian ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-70 kg. Lona ummeleli omuhle kakhulu wezinhlobo zawo, ukhetha ukuzingela, ukulala nokudla eduze kwabanye abantu. Impisi Ephakathi yaseRussia izingela izilwane ezinkulu, isibonelo, indololwane noma inyamazane.
Eqenjini elilodwa lezilwane ezinjalo, kunabantu abangaba ngu-30 kuya kwabangu-45. Ngesinye isikhathi, impisi yensikazi yaseRussia Ephakathi ingazala amawundlu ayishumi. Uyabanakekela, angalokothi akhohlwe yibo. Owesilisa unesibopho sokuthola ukudla.
Impisi Yasogwadule
Lolu hlobo lwempisi luhlala ezindaweni ezimaphakathi zase-Asia, Kazakh naseRussia kanye nasezindaweni eziwugwadule. Kukhona izimpunga zasogwadule, ezibomvu nezimpunga. Ibizwa nangokuthi "i-steppe".
Ngosayizi, isilwane esinamandla singaphansi kwempisi empunga, kodwa-ke, sinamandla futhi siyashesha. Isici esihlukile kunoboya obunzima kakhulu. Umzimba wempisi yasogwadule uzacile. Lolu hlobo alukacwaningwa kahle.
Impisi yaseCaucasus
Isilwane esinjalo sitholakala eRussia. Kukhona ukuhlukaniswa okucacile kwabantu abathile ephaketheni lempisi yaseCaucasus. Igunya lomholi, impisi enkulu yeqembu, libuzwa kuphela uma elimele noma emdala. Lapho-ke omunye wesilisa angamphonsela inselelo. Izimpisi zaseCaucasus zazi ngokusobala ukuthi ziseqenjini elithile.
Azizibekezeleli lezo zilwane ezingavumi ukuphila ngemithetho yazo. Kwamanye ama-canine "amaCaucasus" ayizishoshovu. Uma esinye sezilwane ezizingelayo singaba nesibindi sokuwela indawo yaso, ngeke kube kuhle kuye. Umhlambi uhlasela isilo. Umbala woboya bempisi yaseCaucasus umhlophe futhi mpunga. Izindlebe nezinyawo zazo zinobukhulu obuphakathi nendawo. Kuwo wonke umzimba wesilwane kunezinwele ezincane ezimnyama.
Yize zithanda ukulwa futhi zinolaka, izimpisi zaseCaucasus ziyazwela kakhulu kumantshontsho azo. Bobabili abazali babamba iqhaza ekukhuliseni amawundlu. Abagcini ngokubakhuthaza ngomusa, kepha, kwesinye isikhathi, babajezisa kanzima. Imvamisa, isizathu sokujezisa izinyane lempisi ilukuluku lakhe eleqile.
Impisi yaseSiberia
Ezinye izazi zezilwane zazingabaza ngesidingo sokuhlukanisa impisi yaseSiberia njengezilwane ezihlukile. Ngokuya ngombala wejazi, ubukhulu nokuziphatha, lezi zilwane zifana kakhulu nabafowabo abasondelene kakhulu, izimpisi zaseCentral Russian. Zisakazeke eKamchatka, eTransbaikalia naseSiberia. Uboya besilwane esinjalo busentekenteke kakhulu ekuthintweni, njengosilika. Ziminyene futhi zinde. Uboya bempisi yaseSiberia bulula ukwedlula obaseCentral Russian. Isisindo sesilwane sifinyelela kuma-45 kg.
Impisi yase-Iberia
Lolu uhlobo lwe-canine olungandile kakhulu, kuze kube muva nje, lwaluthathwa njengokuqothulwa ngokuphelele. Uhlala eSpain nasePortugal. Umbala woboya besilwane ubomvu-mpunga. Impisi yase-Iberia incane kakhulu kuneCentral Russian. Kunamabala amancane amhlophe ebusweni bayo, emuva naku-sternum. Ngenxa yalokhu, abantu babiza isilo "ngokumakwa".
Izazi zezilwane zithi lolu hlobo lwempisi luyasiza kakhulu.Isizathu ukugcinwa kwenani lama-grouse ezinkuni, asendaweni yasendaweni, asengozini yokuqothulwa. Impisi yase-Iberia ikwenza kanjani? Kulula.
Isilwane sizingela ingulube yasendle, imvamisa sijaha i-grouse yezinkuni. Lezi zilwane zizingela ngamaqembu amancane. Abazingeli nje kuphela izingulube zasendle, kodwa futhi nezinyamazane zezindluzele, izinyamazane nezimvu. Kwesinye isikhathi izimpisi zase-Iberia zidla izinhlanzi.
Impungushe ejwayelekile
Lesi silo esincane sibizwa nangokuthi "kora san". Impungushe itholakala eNingizimu ye-Asia, noma kunjalo, kungekudala, yayisakazeke kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ngokwesibonelo, e-Albania.
Impungushe ifana nenja kakhulu. Mncane kune-say, i-dingo, noma i-mongrel ejwayelekile. Isisindo somzimba wayo sincane kakhulu kunaleso sempisi empunga, kufika ku-20 kg. Umphimbo wejakalasi ukhonjisiwe futhi uyisiyingi, ufana nowempungushe. Ijazi lale "mpisi encishisiwe" limpunga onsundu. Ebusika, iba bushelelezi.
Emini, uKora San cishe akadli, ekhetha isikhathi sakusihlwa sokudla. Uyadla:
- Inhlanzi;
- Inyoni;
- Isidumbu;
- Iminenke;
- Amaxoxo;
- Amabhungane;
- Amajikijolo;
- Izinyoka, njll.
Kuvela ukuthi impungushe cishe i-omnivorous. Akavamile ukuzingela ngezinhlobo zakhe. Naphezu kobukhulu obuncane nokuntuleka kwamandla empisi, ingqondo ebukhali nokushesha kusiza impungushe ukuba ibe ngumzingeli omuhle. Ingathula isinyonyobele phansi buthule bese iyibamba kalula ngaphambi kokuba iphunyuke.
