Incazelo nezici
Kukhona inganekwane efuna ukwazi. Lapho itilosi laseNgilandi, umvumbuli wase-Australia, uJames Cook owaziwayo okokuqala ngqá emkhunjini i- "Endeavor" ngomkhumbi ogwini olusempumalanga, lapho-ke izwekazi elisha labo bonke abanye, futhi wamangala ukuthola lapho kunezinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo ezazingaziwa ngaphambili nezilwane ezingavamile, esinye sezimo ezingajwayelekile, izilwane zoqobo, owokuqala owabamba iso lakhe kwakuyisidalwa esasinyakaza ngokushesha ngemilenze yaso yangemuva, sazixosha ngobunono zisuka phansi.
Akumangazi ukuthi owathola leli zwekazi wayenentshisekelo egameni lesidalwa esixakayo esigxumayo, okwathi kwabanye abantu bakhe sabonakala siyisilo saphesheya kwezilwandle, futhi wathola impendulo kowomdabu: "Gangurru". Kungakho, njengoba inganekwane isho, uCook wanquma ukuthi kwakuyisiko ukubiza lezi zilwane ngale ndlela, yize isihluku sasimtshela nje ukuthi asimqondi.
Kusukela lapho, lo mmeli wezilwane, ovelele kubantu baseYurophu, ubizwa ngegama: I-Kangaroo... Futhi yize izazi zezilimi zakamuva zazingabaza iqiniso lenganekwane yomlando echaziwe, lokhu akusho nakancane ukuthi isilwane uqobo asithokozisi, futhi indaba ngakho akuyona iqiniso elimsulwa. Kepha manje isithombe salesi sidalwa sigqama ophawini lombuso wase-Australia, siwumuntu nophawu lwezwekazi esake savulwa nguCook.
I-Kangaroo isidalwa esingajwayelekile, futhi, ngandlela thile, esimnandi. Lesi yisilwane se-marsupial esisesigabeni sezilwane ezincelisayo, ngakho-ke, njengazo zonke izihlobo zakulesi sigaba, sizala inzalo ephilayo. Izala kuphela amawundlu kusenesikhathi esingajwayelekile futhi iwayise ekugcineni kwawo esikhwameni - iphakethe lesikhumba elilula elisesiswini salezi zidalwa. AmaMarsupial atholakala kuphela kumazwekazi aseMelika nawase-Australia, futhi iningi lawo ahlala emazweni akulezi zindawo.
Leli zwekazi, elake latholwa nguCook, ngokuvamile lidume ngenani elikhulu lezindawo, okungukuthi, izibonelo zezilwane ezitholakala kulezi zingxenye kuphela. Ummeleli wombuso wezilwane esicabanga ngaye ungomunye wabo. Phakathi kwamanye ama-marsupials kule ngxenye yomhlaba, umuntu angakhomba i-wombat - isilwane esinoboya esichitha impilo yaso ngaphansi komhlaba. UKoala ungomunye isilwane, ikhangaru ngomqondo wokuba khona kwesikhwama sesikhumba esiswini. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-180 zama-marsupials e-Australia.
Ama-kangaroo ahamba ngokugxuma
Ingxenye ephawulekayo yomzimba wekhangaroo ibhekwa njengemilenze yabo yangemuva enemisipha, enamandla enamandla enemisipha ethuthukisiwe emathangeni nasezinyaweni ezinezinzwane. Bayasivumela lesi silwane esixakile ngemishayo ukuba sinikeze ukwenqaba okunokwethenjelwa kubaphuli baso, kanye nokuhamba ngejubane elihlaba umxhwele ngemilenze emibili kuphela, ngasikhathi sinye njengephini lokuqondisa, lisiza ukulinganisela nokulungisa umzila wokuhamba usebenzisa umsila wayo omude.
Kuyathakazelisa futhi ukuthi, ngokungafani nomzimba ongezansi, othuthukiswe ngokugqamile, ongaphezulu ubonakala ungathuthukile. Ikhanda le-kangaroo lincane; i-muzzle ingafinyezwa, kodwa futhi ibe yinde, kuye ngohlobo; amahlombe mancane. Unyawo olufushane lwangaphambili, alumboziwe ngezinwele, lubuthakathaka. Baneminwe emihlanu, ephela ngezinzipho ezinde, ezibukhali.
Le minwe yalezi zilwane ikhule kakhulu futhi iyahamba, ngazo izidalwa ezinjalo ziyakwazi ukubamba izinto ezizungezile, zibambe ukudla futhi zize zikame noboya bazo. Ngendlela, uboya bezilwane ezinjalo buthambile futhi obukhulu, bungaba bomvu, bumpunga noma bube mnyama ngombala ngemibala ehlukahlukene. I-kangaroo ingabulala umuntu ngezinyawo zayo, kanti nozipho lwayo lungakhipha amathumbu ezilwaneni ezingazikhulu kakhulu.
Izinhlobo
Igama elithi "kangaroo" kwesinye isikhathi lisetshenziselwa ukubhekisa kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni anegama: kangaroo. Kepha kaningi leli gama liyasetshenziswa, okusho uhlobo olukhulu lomndeni olucacisiwe (luzochazwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi), futhi izilwane ezincane zama-kangaroo zivame ukubizwa ngokuhlukile. Ngempela, ubukhulu bamalungu ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene buhluka kakhulu.
Ama-kangaroo angaba ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angama-25 ngosayizi, futhi aze afike kumitha elilodwa nohhafu noma ngaphezulu. Ama-kangaroo amakhulu abomvu athathwa njengamakhulu kunawo wonke, futhi amalungu ezinhlobo zezimpunga zehlathi angabanikazi bamarekhodi (phakathi kwalaba, abantu abangamakhilogremu ayi-100 bayaziwa). Lezi zilwane zingabantu bendawo base-Australia, kodwa ziyatholakala naseziqhingini ezakhelene nezwe elicacisiwe: eTasmania, eNew Guinea nakwezinye. Zonke izici zokubukeka kwazo zibonakala ngokusobala i-kangaroo esithombeni.
Sekukonke, izizukulwane eziyishumi nane ziyaziwa emndenini we-kangaroo. Ezinye zazo zimelwe kabanzi, kanti ezinye zingaphansi, kodwa inani lezinhlobo zama-kangaroo ekubalweni okuphelele likhulu kakhulu. Ake sichaze ezinye zazo ngokuningiliziwe.
1. Ijinja kangaroo enkulu... Lokhu kuhluka kungokwenhlobo yama-kangaroo amakhulu, ama-specimens awo ngamanye anesisindo esingama-85 kg, kanye nomsila ocishe ube imitha ubude. Izilwane ezinjalo zitholakala engxenyeni esenyakatho yezwekazi emahlathini ashisayo noma ngasogwini olusempumalanga eningizimu yezwe, zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivundile zendawo ekhonjisiwe. Beqa ngemilenze yabo yangemuva, bayakwazi ukuhambisa amashumi amakhilomitha amaningi ngehora. Izilwane zinomlomo obanzi, nezindlebe zazo zikhombe futhi zinde.
I-kangaroo enkulu ye-ginger
2. I-kangaroo empunga empumalanga - izinhlobo ziningi kakhulu, futhi inani labantu bazo lifinyelela ezigidini ezimbili. Amalungu ale nhlobo, angabesibili ngobukhulu ngemuva kozakwabo abachazwe ngenhla, yiwona asondelene kakhulu nabantu endaweni yabo, ngoba bathanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi e-Australia. Atholakala eningizimu nasempumalanga yezwekazi.
I-kangaroo empunga esempumalanga
3. I-Wallaby - ama-kangaroo amancane akha iqembu lezinhlobo. Abadluli kuma-70 cm ubude, kepha makhulu ngokukhethekile, kanti amanye angaba nesisindo esingaphansi kuka-7 kg. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kobukhulu, izilwane ezinjalo zigxuma ngobuciko. Ompetha besizwe sabantu babebahalela. I-Kangaroo yeqa ubude lolu hlobo lungafika kumamitha ayi-10. Atholakala emaqeleni, emaxhaphozini nasezintabeni, ezweni lase-Australia naseziqhingini eziseduze.
Owesifazane waseWallaby one cub esikhwameni
4. Igundane leKangaroo kufana ngisho nezilwane ezimbili okukhulunywe ngazo egameni, kepha njengonogwaja. Ngendlela, izidalwa ezinjalo ziphila ngokufana, zihlala ezihlahleni ezinotshani, zifuna futhi zihlele amakhaya azo lapho.
Igundane leKangaroo
5. Quokki - izingane ezisuka kulo mndeni ezinesisindo esingaba ngu-4 kg nobukhulu bekati, izidalwa ezingenakuzivikela ezinokufana kwangaphandle namanye ama-kangaroo, kodwa futhi namagundane.
Quokki
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Lezi zidalwa zingasebenza njengophawu lokuhamba okungapheli. Bayakwazi ukugxumela ekuphakameni okuphindwe kabili ukuphakama kwabo, futhi lokhu akuwona umkhawulo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-kangaroo ezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane awalwi nhlobo futhi alwa ngobuhlakani, ikakhulukazi amakhulu kunawo wonke. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi lapho betshaya ngemilenze yabo yangemuva ukuze bangawi, banomkhuba wokuncika emsileni wabo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezinjalo, futhi ngasinye sazo sihlala emakhoneni aso eZwekazi Eliluhlaza, kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke bakhetha amadlelo nezigqubuthelo, bahlala ezindaweni eziyizicaba, bezitika ezihlahleni zotshani nezihlahla. Ezinye izinhlobo nazo zizivumelanisa ngokuphelele nempilo emaxhaphozini nasezintabeni eziphakathi kwamagquma, amatshe namatshe. Imvamisa ku I-kangaroo yase-Australia ingatholakala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala futhi uthole ubukhona bazo emazweni amapulazi ngisho nasemaphethelweni amadolobha.
Ama-kangaroo amaningi ngokwemvelo aguqulelwa ukuhamba phansi, kepha kukhona okuhlukile kulo mthetho. Lawa angama-kangaroo ezihlahla ahlala emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi achitha ingxenye enkulu yokuphila kwawo kulezo zindawo ezihlahleni.
Inani lalezi zilwane likhulu, futhi akukho ukuncipha okuphawulekayo kulo. Kodwa-ke, kufa abantu abanele minyaka yonke. Sola imililo ethophayo. Isizathu esinamandla sokuncipha kwenani lama-kangaroo nakho kuyimisebenzi yabantu, futhi-ke ukuzingelwa kwalaba bameleli bombuso wezilwane.
Yize ukubulala nokulimaza ama-kangaroo kungavunyelwe ngokomthetho wase-Australia. Kodwa-ke, imithethonqubo enjalo ivame ukuphulwa ngabalimi ukuze kuzuze bona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazingeli abangekho emthethweni nabathandi bezibiliboco badubula lezi zilwane ukuze bathole inyama yazo engenakuqhathaniswa. Izitha zemvelo zalezi zilwane zifaka izimpungushe, ama-dingo, izinyoni ezinkulu nezinyoka.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Idla ama-kangaroo kanye kuphela ngosuku. Lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kokushona kwelanga. Kuphephe kakhulu ukuthi benze ngale ndlela. Lokhu kusizakala kakhulu, ngoba ngalesi sikhathi ezindaweni ezishisayo ukushisa kuyancipha.
Ngokuya komsoco ikhangaru – isilwane ayinabungozi futhi ikhetha imenyu yezibiliboco zemithi. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zidla utshani obunzima bameva. Labo ngokwemvelo abanempumulo emfushane bavame ukukhetha ukufaka ama-bulbs, izilimo eziyizigaxa kanye nezimpande zezinhlobonhlobo zezimbali ekudleni kwabo. Amanye ama-kangaroo ayawathanda amakhowe. Izinhlobo ezincane ze-wallaby zidla izithelo, imbewu namaqabunga otshani.
I-kangaroo idla amaqabunga
Ukudla okunjalo akuhlukile kuma-calories. Kodwa-ke, ama-kangaroo athanda ukunxephezela lokhu kusilela ngezinhlobonhlobo zamakhambi nezitshalo. Imikhuba yangempela yokudla izalelwa kuma-kangaroo ezihlahla. Ngaphezu kwegxolo, zingadla amaphuphu kanye namaqanda ezinyoni.
Laba bameleli bezilwane zezwekazi iGreen baphuza okuncane ngokumangazayo, bathola umswakama owenele wezinto zabo ezinamazolo neziphuzo zezitshalo. Kodwa-ke, ngezikhathi ezomile, isidingo esiphuthumayo samanzi sisaqala ukuba nomthelela. Ezikhathini ezingezinhle kanjalo, ama-kangaroo amakhulu azisindisa ngokumba imithombo. Zijule impela, kuyenzeka ukuthi zingene ngaphansi komhlaba ziye ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-100 noma ngaphezulu.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-kangaroo ahlangana ngesikhathi semvula. Esikhathini esomile, abakwazi ngokomzimba ukuzala, ngoba abesilisa abanawo amandla okukhiqiza uketshezi lwesisu. Isici senqubo yokumitha ukuzalwa kokuqala kwamazinyane, ngemuva kwenyanga ngemuva kokukhulelwa, bese uwagqoka isikhwama. I-Kangaroo ngalo mqondo, iyafana nabamele abaningi bezilwane zase-Australia.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa, imvuthu encane, ubukhulu bayo bungaba ngu-2 cm kuphela, nokho kuvela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kukodwa kukhuphukele esikhwameni sesikhumba, sinemisipha eqinile, ye-kangarhi, lapho iqhubeka ikhula futhi ikhula khona, idla ubisi oluvela ezingonweni zomama abane. Lapho uchitha izinyanga eziyisithupha.
I-kangaroo yowesifazane nengane yakhe
Ngempela, ikhangaru – marsupial, kodwa hhayi kuphela lokhu izici zayo ezimangalisayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi owesifazane walaba bameleli bezilwane uyakwazi ukulawula inqubo yokukhulelwa kwakhe, ekubambezela ukukhula kwayo ngenxa yezizathu zokufaneleka. Isizathu salokhu kungaba ukuzalwa okungadingeki kwama-kangaroo amabili ngasikhathi sinye.
Uma umbungu wokuqala okhulayo ufa ngenxa yezimo ezahlukahlukene, ukukhula kombungu osesele emzimbeni kamama we-kangaroo kuyaqala futhi kuphele ngokuvela kwenzalo entsha. Ukukhulelwa okulandelayo kungenzeka ngesikhathi lapho i-kangaroo yokuqala isaphila esikhwameni futhi ikhula kahle. Kulokhu, lapho kuvela umntwana wesibili, umzimba kamama uqala ukukhiqiza ubisi lwezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukene ukuze ondle ngempumelelo bobabili abantwana beminyaka ehlukene.
Izici zezinsikazi zalezi zidalwa eziphilayo nazo zilele ngokusondelene nenzalo yazo kukho konke ukuphila. Imvelo isiza ikhangaru ongumama ngisho nokulawula inqubo yokuzala amawundlu alungele ubulili bakhe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-kangaroo abesifazane avele kwabesifazane besebancane, futhi esikhathini esizayo, ama-kangaroo abesilisa ayazalwa.
Futhi kunengqondo ngempela. Lapho i-kangarikha ifinyelela ebudaleni, iyasiza ukukhulisa amadodakazi abazukulu be-kangaroo. Ekhuluma ngokuphila kwalezi zidalwa, umuntu kufanele njalo acacise: yiluphi uhlobo lwe-kangaroo oluqondiswayo, ngoba abamele ngamunye wabo banehlelo lokuphila ngakunye.
Abaphethe amarekhodi aphile isikhathi eside ngama-kangaroo amakhulu abomvu, okuthi kokunye ukuthunjwa angaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-27. Ezinye izinhlobo ziphila impilo emfushane, ikakhulukazi endle. Lapho, isikhathi sabo sokuphila cishe siyiminyaka eyi-10, kungasaphathwa iqiniso lokuthi singancishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yezingozi nezifo.
