Ukunyuka phezu kwamanzi albatross okwaziwa ngabasolwandle abahamba amabanga amade. Izakhi ezingapheli zomoya namanzi zingaphansi kwenyoni enamandla endizela emhlabeni ukuze iqhubeke nomjaho, kepha impilo yayo yonke ingaphezu kwezilwandle nezilwandle. Isibhakabhaka siyivikela i-albatross phakathi kwezimbongi. Ngokomlando, lowo owaba nesibindi sokubulala inyoni uzojeziswa impela.
Incazelo nezici
Izinyoni ezinkulu kakhulu zamanzi zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-13 kg, amaphiko e-albatross kuze kube ngamamitha angu-3.7. Ngokwemvelo, azikho izinyoni ezinjalo zosayizi. Ukuma nobukhulu bezinyoni kufana nezindiza ezishushuluza, indiza ehlala isihlalo esisodwa, eyenzelwe isibonelo sabantu abababazekayo olwandle. Izimpiko ezinamandla nesisindo somzimba kuvumela ukusuka ngokushesha. Izinyoni ezinamandla amasonto ama-2-3 zingenza ngaphandle kwe-sushi, zidle, zilale, ziphumule ebusweni bamanzi.
Izihlobo eziseduze zama-albatross yizimbangi. Izinyoni zinomthethosisekelo ominyene onezimpaphe ezijiyile - ukuvikelwa okufudumele nokungenamanzi. Umsila we-albatross mncane, uvame ukunqunywa ngokungagunci. Izimpiko zincane, zinde, zinobude berekhodi. Isakhiwo sabo sinikeza izinzuzo:
- lapho usuka - ungasebenzisi amandla emisipha ngenxa yethenda ekhethekile ekusabalaliseni kwamaphiko;
- indiza - zindizela emisakazweni yomoya esuka olwandle, kunokundiza ngaphezulu kwamanzi.
I-Albatross esithombeni kuvame ukuthunjwa kulesi simo esimangalisayo. Imilenze ye-Albatross inobude obuphakathi nendawo. Izinzwani zangaphambili zixhunywe ngolwelwesi lokubhukuda. Uzwane lwangemuva alukho. Imilenze enamandla ihlinzeka ngokuzethemba, noma kunjalo inyoni ibukeka kanjani albatross emhlabeni, ungacabanga, uma ukhumbula ukunyakaza kwedada noma ihansi.
Izimpaphe ezinhle zisuselwa ekuqhathaniseni kwezimpaphe zesifuba esimnyama phezulu nesimhlophe. Ingxenye engemuva nengaphandle yamaphiko icishe ibe nsundu. Intsha ithola izingubo ezinjalo kuphela ngonyaka wesine wokuphila.
Inyoni ye-Albatross kufakwe ohlwini lwama-oda we-tubular, ahlukaniswa ukuma kwamakhala asontekile abe amashubhu ama-horny. Ukuma okude, okunwetshiwe ubude bezitho kukuvumela ukuba uzizwe kahle iphunga, okuyinto engajwayelekile ezinyonini.
Lesi sici esingavamile sisiza ekutholeni ukudla. Uqhwaku olunamandla olunomlomo ophakanyisiwe obanjwe ngosayizi omncane. Izimpondo ezikhethekile emlonyeni zisiza ukugcina izinhlanzi ezishelelayo.
Lalela izwi le-albatross
Izwi lamakhosi olwandle lifana nokukhala kwamahhashi noma i-cackle yamahansi. Ukubamba inyoni ekukhohliseka kalula akunzima nakancane. Lokhu kwakusetshenziswa amatilosi, bephosa udobo ngentambo yokudoba ngentambo ende. Lapho nje bekuyimfashini ukuhlobisa izingubo ngezimpaphe, babanjwa ngenxa yempuphu ebalulekile, amafutha, ukuzijabulisa.
I-albatross empunga endizeni
Izinyoni azifi ngamanzi abandayo, azicwilisi ekujuleni kolwandle. Imvelo ibavikele ezimeni zezulu ezinzima. Kodwa uwoyela ochithekile noma okunye ukungcola kubhubhisa ungqimba lwamafutha oluvikelayo ngaphansi kwezimpaphe, futhi izinyoni ziphelelwa amandla okundiza futhi zibulawe yindlala nezifo. Ubumsulwa bamanzi olwandle yi-sine qua engeyona yokusinda kwabo.
Izinhlobo ze-Albatross
Kulesi sikhathi samanje, kunezinhlobo ezingama-21 zama-albatross ezihlukanisiwe, zonke zihlanganiswe indlela yokuphila efanayo nekhono elingenakuqhathaniswa ezindizeni zokundiza. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinhlobo eziyi-19 zifakwe ohlwini lweRed Book. Kunempikiswano mayelana nenani lezinhlobo, kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina indawo yokuhlala kwezinyoni ihlanzekile ukuze izale ngokwemvelo.
I-Amsterdam albatross. Uhlobo olungajwayelekile olutholwe ososayensi ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-80s yekhulu lama-20. Kuhlala e-Amsterdam Islands of the Indian Ocean. Abantu basengozini yokubhujiswa.
I-Amsterdam albatross insikazi neyesilisa
Ubungako bale nyoni buncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezigi zayo. Umbala ubunsundu ngokwengeziwe. Naphezu kwezindiza ezinde, ngokuqinisekile uzobuyela ezindaweni zakubo. Umehluko entuthukweni uchazwa ngokuhlukaniswa okuthile kohlobo.
Ukuzulazula i-albatross. Umbala omhlophe ulawula, ingxenye ephezulu yamaphiko imbozwe izimpaphe ezimnyama. Uhlala eziqhingini zase-subarctic. Yilezi zinhlobo ezivame ukuba yinto yomsebenzi wama-ornithologists. Ukuzulazula i-albatross iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo ezihlobene.
Ukuzulazula i-albatross
I-Royal albatross. Indawo yokuhlala - eNew Zealand. Le nyoni iphakathi kwemidondoshiya yomhlaba enezimpaphe. Ukubuka kuhlukaniswa nokundiza kwayo okunamandla nokundiza ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-100 km / h. EBukhosi i-albatross iyinyoni emangalisayo, isikhathi sakhe sempilo siyiminyaka engama-50-53.
I-Royal albatross
I-Tristan albatross... Uyehluka ngombala omnyama nosayizi omncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ezinkulu. Kusengozini. IHabitat - iziqhingi zaseTristan da Cunha. Ngenxa yokuvikelwa ngokucophelela, kungenzeka ukugwema isimo esibucayi sabantu abathile, ukugcina izinhlobo ze-albatross eziyivelakancane.
I-Tristan albatross
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Impilo yezinyoni uhambo lwaphakade lwasolwandle, ukuhamba emoyeni izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Ama-Albatross ngokuvamile ahamba nemikhumbi. Sebewudlulile umkhumbi, bazungeza ngenhla kwawo, lapho-ke kubonakala sengathi bazulazula ngemuva kwesinqe belindele okuthile okudliwayo. Uma amatilosi ondla umlingani, inyoni icwila emanzini, iqoqe ukudla iphinde ilandele ngemuva.
Isimo sezulu esizolile yisikhathi sama-albatross sokuphumula. Zigoqa izimpiko zazo ezinkulu, zihlale ngaphezulu, zilale ebusweni bamanzi. Ngemuva kokuthula, ukuvunguza komoya kokuqala kusiza ukukhuphukela emoyeni.
Izinsika kanye nemikhumbi efanelekayo yemikhumbi isetshenziswa ngokuzithandela eduze kwemikhumbi yokuqashwa. Izinyoni zikhetha ukusuka ezindaweni eziphakeme. Amawa nemithambeka emikhulu yizindawo ezinhle zokuhamba.
Amajethi omoya, ukubonakaliswa kwemisinga yomoya evela emithambekeni yamagagasi asekela izinyoni lapho zisuka, zihamba nazo ngokushintshana endaweni yokuzingela nokuphakela. Ukukhuphuka kwamahhala, ukuthambekele futhi okunamandla, ngesivinini somoya esifinyelela ku-20 km / h, kusiza i-albatross ukunqoba amakhilomitha angama-400 ngosuku, kepha leli banga alimele umkhawulo wabo.
Imisinga yomoya kanye nezinyoni kufinyelela kuma-80-100 km / h kuzivumela ukuthi zihambe amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane ngosuku. Izinyoni ezinezintambo zandizela umhlaba wonke ezinsukwini ezingama-46. Isimo sezulu esinomoya siyisici sabo. Bangakwazi ukuhlala amahora amaningi olwandle olwandle ngaphandle kokwenza ukunyakaza okukodwa kwamaphiko abo.
I-albatross ebhemayo
Abasolwandle bahlobanisa ukuvela kwama-albatross kanye nemifula ehlobene nokufika kwesiphepho; abajabuli ngaso sonke isikhathi ngama-barometers emvelo anjalo. Ezindaweni ezicebile ekudleni, ama-albatross amakhulu ahlalisana ngokuthula nezinyoni eziphakathi nendawo ngaphandle kokuphikisana: ama-gull, ama-boobies, ama-petrels. Imihlambi emikhulu yezinyoni zamahhala engenasakhiwo senhlalo iyakhiwa. Kwezinye izindawo, ngaphandle kwendawo yokwakha izidleke, ama-albatross ahlala yedwa.
Ukuthatheka nokuba mnene kwezinyoni kuvumela umuntu ukuba asondele. Lesi sici sithinta futhi sivame ukubulala izinyoni. Abalithuthukisanga ikhono lokuvikela, ngoba kudala bakha izidleke kude nezilwane ezizingelayo.
Izindawo lapho kuhlala khona i- albatrosszibanzi. Ngaphezu kwendawo yase-Arctic Ocean, izinyoni zitholakala cishe kuzo zonke izilwandle zasenyakatho yoMhlaba. Ama-Albatross abizwa ngokuthi abantu base-Antarctic.
Inyoni ye-Albatross
Ezinye izinhlobo ziye zaya e-Ningizimu Yenkabazwe ngenxa yabantu. Ukundiza emkhakheni ozolile we-equator cishe akunakwenzeka kubo, ngaphandle kwama-albatross athile. Ama-Albatross awanakho ukufuduka ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwesigaba sokuzalela, izinyoni zindiza ziye ezindaweni zazo zemvelo ezihlobene.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izintandokazi zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-albatross ziyehluka kancane, yize zixhunywe ngesisekelo sokudla esijwayelekile, okubandakanya:
- ama-crustaceans;
- zooplankton;
- inhlanzi;
- izimbaza;
- isidumbu.
Izinyoni zibheka inyamazane ngenhla, kwesinye isikhathi ziyibamba ngaphezulu, kaningi zigxumela kukholamu lamanzi ekujuleni kwamamitha ayi-5-12. Ama-Albatross azingela emini. Ukulandela imikhumbi, badla udoti ongaphandle. Emhlabeni, ama-penguin, izinsalela zezilwane ezifile, angena ekudleni kwezinyoni.
I-Albatross nesisulu sayo
Ngokusho kokubona, izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-albatross zizingela ezindaweni ezihlukene: ezinye - eduze nomugqa osogwini, ezinye - kude nomhlaba. Isibonelo, i-albatross ezulazulayo izingela kuphela ezindaweni ezinokujula okungamamitha ayi-1000. Ososayensi kusamele bathole ukuthi izinyoni zikubona kanjani ukujula.
Izisu zezinyoni zivame ukuthola imfucumfucu epulasitiki ebusweni bamanzi noma ezindaweni eziqhingini. Usongo olukhulu empilweni yezinyoni luvela kuye. Udoti awugayeki, uholela kumuzwa ongamanga wokusutha, lapho inyoni iba buthaka khona bese iyafa. Amachwane awaceli ukudla, ayayeka ukukhula. Izinhlaka zemvelo zithatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokukhuculula izindawo ekungcoleni.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ama-Albatross akha imibhangqwana kanye, aqaphela abalingani ngemuva kokuhlukaniswa isikhathi eside. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha izinsuku ezingama-280. Ukufunwa kozakwethu kuthatha iminyaka eminingana. Ulimi lwezandla oluyingqayizivele lwakhiwa ngaphakathi kwalabo abashadile, okusiza ukugcina umndeni ubumbene. Izinyoni zinomkhuba omuhle wokukhwelana, okubandakanya ukufaka umunwe ezimpapheni zomlingani, ukujika bese uphonsa emuva amakhanda, ukugoqana, ukushaya amaphiko, “ukuqabulana” (ukubamba umlomo).
Ezindaweni ezikude, imidanso, ukukhala kuhamba nokungajwayelekile, lapho uthi nhlá, imikhosi, kanjalo ibukeka kanjani inyoni ye-albatross okuyinqaba. Ukwakheka kwamabhangqa ezinyoni kuthatha cishe amasonto amabili. Bese ama-albatross akha isidleke nge-peat noma ngamagatsha omile, abesifazane balala eqandeni. Bobabili abazali bafukamela amaphuphu, ngokushintshana bodwa izinyanga ezi-2,5.
I-Royal albatross insikazi enephuphu
Inyoni ehleli esidlekeni ayondli, ayinyakazi, futhi yehlisa isisindo. Abazali bondla iphuphu izinyanga eziyi-8-9, bamlethele ukudla. Isikhathi sokuzalela senzeka njalo eminyakeni emibili, sidinga amandla amaningi.
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kuza kuma-albatross eneminyaka engu-8-9 ubudala. Umbala onsundu onsundu wezinsizwa kancane kancane ushintshwa izingubo ezimhlophe njengeqhwa. Ogwini, amachwane akhulayo afunda ukundiza futhi ekugcineni azi kahle indawo engaphezulu kolwandle.
Isikhathi sokuphila sabanqobi abanamandla bezilwandle siyingxenye yekhulu leminyaka noma ngaphezulu. Lapho sezimi ophikweni, izinyoni ezimangalisayo zaqala uhambo olude ngokubuyela okuyisibopho ezindaweni zazo zomdabu.
