Kunezinhlanzi ezingaba ngu-600 ezinobuthi emhlabeni. Kulezi, ezingama-350 ziyasebenza. Izinsimbi ezine-toxin zinikezwa labo kusuka ekuzalweni. Zonke ezinye izinhlanzi zinobuthi okwesibili. Ubuthi balezi buhlobene nokudla okunomsoco. Ukudla izinhlanzi ezithile, ama-crustaceans, ama-molluscs, izinhlobo zesibili ziqoqa ubuthi bazo ezithweni ezithile noma emzimbeni wonke.
Ngokuyinhloko inhlanzi enobuthi
Inhlanzi enobuthi izigaba zinezindlala ezikhiqiza ubuthi. Ubuthi bungena emizimbeni yezisulu ngokulunywa, ngokugqobhoza ngemisipha ekhethekile noma ngemisebe yamaphiko. Ukuhlaselwa kuvame ukuqondiswa kulabo abaphula umthetho. Lokho wukuthi, izinhlanzi eziguqukayo zaqala ukuveza ubuthi ukuze zivikeleke.
Izilo zasolwandle
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezinobuthi faka iziqu zabo eziyi-9. Zonke zihlala emanzini esimo sezulu esishisayo futhi azidluli ngamasentimitha angama-45 ubude. Dragons basonta perch-like.
Ubuthi bukadrako bugcwele ameva ku-operculum naku-eksisi yomphetho wasemuva. I-toxin yiprotheni eyinkimbinkimbi. Iphazamisa ukusebenza kwezinhlelo zokujikeleza kwegazi nezinzwa. Ubuthi bezinyoka bunomphumela ofanayo. Iyafana ngokwemvelo nobuthi bukadrako wolwandle.
Kubantu, ushevu wabo awubulali, kepha ubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukushisa, futhi kuholele ku-edema yezicubu. Inyama yedrako iyadliwa futhi ibhekwa njengesibiliboco.
Dragons abamele ezinobuthi oLwandle Olumnyama
Izinduku
Lezi izinhlanzi ezinobuthi zolwandle yimithambeka, okungukuthi, inamaphiko emicaba emikhulu futhi ayindilinga. Zimise okwedayimane. Umsila we-stingray uhlala ungenasiphelo, kepha uvame ukuphuma nge-acicular. Bahlaselwa yizinduku. Bona, njengeminye imisebe, bayizihlobo eziseduze zoshaka. Ngakho-ke, ama-stingray awanamathambo. Amathambo ashintshwa uqwanga.
Kunezinhlobo ezingama-80 zama-stalkers ezilwandle. Ubuthi babo buhlukile. Ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu yi-ray enamabala aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
I-stingray enebala eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyona enobuthi kakhulu kwi-stingray
Iphesenti elilodwa labantu eligwazile liyafa. Inani lezisulu ngonyaka lilingana nezinkulungwane. Emaphethelweni eNyakatho Melika, isibonelo, njalo ezinyangeni eziyi-12 okungenani amacala angamakhulu ayisikhombisa wokuhlaselwa kwama-stingray ayarekhodwa. Ubuthi babo bunomphumela we-neurotropic, othinta uhlelo lwezinzwa. I-toxin ibangela ubuhlungu obusheshayo, obuvuthayo
Phakathi kwama-stingray kukhona namanzi angenasawoti. Enye yezinhlobo lezi ihlala e-Amazon. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amaNdiya ahlala osebeni lwawo abelokhu enza izinhloko zemicibisholo ezinobuthi, imikhonto, imikhonto ngameva enhlanzi.
Inhlanzi yasolwandle
Bangabomndeni wofezela. Ngaphandle, i-lionfish ihlukaniswa ngamaphiko we-pectoral akhulisiwe. Ziya ngemuva kwendunu, zifana namaphiko. I-Lionfish ibuye ihlukaniswe ngezinaliti ezishiwo ekugcineni kwe-dorsal. Kunameva ekhanda lenhlanzi. Inaliti ngayinye inoshevu. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokukhipha ameva, i-lionfish, njengezinye izinhlanzi zofezela, ingadliwa.
Ukubukeka okumangazayo kwe-lionfish kuyisizathu sokugcinwa kwabo kwe-aquarium. Usayizi wabo omncane futhi ukuvumela ukuthi uthande izinhlanzi ekhaya. Ungakhetha ezinhlotsheni ezingaba ngu-20 ze-lionfish. Inani eliphelele lezinhlobo zescorpion liyi-100. ILionfish kuyo ingomunye wohlanga.
Yize ubunobuthi be-lionfish, buvame ukukhuliswa ezindaweni zasemanzini ngenxa yokubukeka kwazo okumangazayo.
Inhlanzi enobuthi kakhulu phakathi kwe-lionfish - insumpa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ibizwa ngetshe. Igama lihlotshaniswa nokufihla insumpa ngaphansi kwamakhorali olwandle, izipanji. Inhlanzi inamachashaza ngeziqu, amabhamu, ameva. Lezi zokugcina zinobuthi. I-toxin ibangela ukukhubazeka, kepha kukhona ikhambi.
Uma eyodwa ingekho eduze, indawo yokujova ishiswa ngangokunokwenzeka, ngokwesibonelo, ngokuyifaka emanzini ashisayo noma ukuyifaka esikhundleni sendawo yokulungisa izinwele. Lokhu kudambisa izinhlungu ngokucekela phansi ingxenye yamaprotheni obuthi.
Insumpa noma inhloko yamatshe okudoba okuyimfihlo
I-Sea bass
Lolu uhlobo lwezinhlanzi. Inezinhlobo eziyi-110 zezinhlanzi. Zonke ngezikafezela. Njengama-perches emifula, izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngamaphiko e-dorsal spiked. Kunezimbazo ezi-13-15 kuzo. Izinsipho nazo zikhona kuma-operculums. Kunobuthi emeveni.
Lapho ijojowe, ingena enxebeni kanye namafinyila amboza izigaxa namaphiko ezinsimbi. I-toxin ithathwa ngohlelo lwe-lymphatic, oludala i-lymphadenitis. Lokhu kwanda kwama-lymph node. Le yindlela amasosha omzimba aphendula ngayo ubuthi.
Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kuyakhula ngokushesha endaweni lapho kugwinywa khona ngameva ama-bass olwandle. Kodwa-ke, ubuthi bezinhlanzi abuzinzile, bubhujiswa yi-alkalis, ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet nokushisa. Ubuthi besikhumba esivela oLwandle iBarents buthakathaka kakhulu. Abayingozi kakhulu ngabantu basePacific. Uma kufakwa ubuthi obuningana kumuntu oyedwa, ukuboshwa ngokuphefumula kungenzeka.
I-Sea bass
Katran
Lona ummeli onoshevu woshaka. Umzingeli unesisindo esingaba ngamakhilogremu angama-30 futhi aweqi kumamitha ayi-2.2 ubude. I-Katran itholakala e-Atlantic, futhi nayo ifakiwe ku- inhlanzi enobuthi yoLwandle Olumnyama.
I-Katrana toxin iyingqayizivele, okungukuthi, i-heterogeneous, amaprotheni. Ikhiqizwa yizindlala zameva ezibekwe ngaphambi kwesiphetho sangemuva. Umjovo uholela ezinhlungwini ezinzima, ububomvu, nokusha. Ukulunywa kuqhubeka amahora amaningi. Ukusha kuyaphela izinsuku ezimbalwa.
I-katran imele umndeni we-spiny shark. Ubuthi bezinye izinhlobo bezinto abukaze bufakazelwe, kepha kucatshangelwa. Oshaka abaningi abane-spiny kunzima ukutadisha. Izinhlobo ezimnyama, isibonelo, ezijulile, zitholakala e-Atlantic Ocean.
UKatran nguyena kuphela omele oshaka abahlala oLwandle Olumnyama
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arab
Imelela umndeni odokotela abahlinzayo. Ngeyama-perchiformes we-oda. Ngakho-ke, ubuthi bezinhlanzi bufana noshevu wamabhasi olwandle, ubhujiswa ngomthelela wokushisa. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka kukadokotela ohlinzayo kukude kakhulu nezezihlobo zakhe.
Umzimba wezinhlanzi uthotshiswe ngokuqinile eceleni, phezulu. Udokotela ohlinzayo unomphetho womsila omise okweqanda. Umbala uyehluka kuye ngohlobo. Odokotela abaningi abahlinzayo bahlukahlukene ngemichilo ekhanyayo namabala.
Emndenini odokotela abahlinzayo kunezinhlobo ezingama-80 zezinhlanzi. Ngayinye inezinsipho ezicijile ngaphansi nangaphezulu komsila. Zifana nezipikili. Igama lenhlanzi lihlobene nalokhu. Kuyaqabukela kudlule amasentimitha angama-40 ubude, okwenza kube lula ukugcina izilwane e-aquarium.
Udokotela ohlinzayo wase-Arabhu uyilungu lomndeni elinolaka kakhulu, elifakiwe inhlanzi enobuthi yolwandle olubomvu... Lapho, isilwane sivame ukuhlasela abatshuzi, abatshuzi be-scuba.
Odokotela abahlinzayo baqamba lezi zinhlanzi ngenxa yesikhumba se-pelvic esifana ne-scalpel
Inhlanzi yesibili enobuthi
Inhlanzi yesibili enobuthi iqoqa i-saxitoxin. Akuyona iphrotheni, kodwa i-alkaloid engeye-purine compounds. Ama-dinoflagellate amaPlankton nama-molluscs amaningi aqukethe ubuthi. Kulindeleke ukuthi bathole ubuthi ku-algae we-unicellular, nalabo abavela emanzini, beqongelela into ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.
Khukhumala
Lona ngumndeni wezinhlanzi. Ummeleli wayo onobuthi kakhulu uyinja. Elinye igama - fugu. Inhlanzi enobuthi Ihlukaniswa nomzimba omfushane, ububanzi obubanzi, obuyisicaba kanye nekhanda elibanzi ngomlomo onjengomlomo.
Iqukethe amapuleti amane amazinyo ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Ngabo, i-puffer ihlukanisa amagobolondo enkalankala namagobolondo e-clam. Ngokudla okwakamuva, inhlanzi ithola ubuthi. Kuyabulala, kuhlangana esibindini senja.
Naphezu kobuthi bayo, i-fugu iyadliwa. Sidinga ukulungiswa kwezinhlanzi, ikakhulukazi, ukususwa kwesibindi, i-caviar, isikhumba. Zigcwele ushevu. Isitsha siyathandwa eJapan, lapho okunye ukweqisa okuhambisana nakho.
Isibonelo, eGamagori, isibonelo, kwaqoshwa icala lokuthi esinye sezitolo ezinkulu zendawo sathengisa amaphakheji ama-5 enhlanzi ephelele. Isibindi ne-caviar azange zisuswe. Ubuthi obusenhlanzini ngayinye banele ukubulala abantu abangama-30.
Isithombe sezinhlanzi ezinobuthi imvamisa ibaveza bequnjelwe. Inja ibukeka njengebhola ngesikhathi sokwesaba. I-fugu idonsela emanzini noma emoyeni, kuya ngemvelo. Ukwanda kosayizi kufanele kwesabise izilwane ezidla ezinye. Kubantu, "ubuqili" kuyaqabukela kuphele.
Ngesikhathi sokwesaba, i-fugu iyavuvukala, iveze ameva
Ama-conger eels
Lezi izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinobuthi khetha amanzi asezindaweni ezishisayo, afinyelela lapho cishe amamitha ama-3 ubude. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-eels adla izimbaza, ezidla i-peridinium. Lawa ngama-flagellates. Umkhuba wama-red tide uhlotshaniswa nawo.
Ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwama-crustaceans, amanzi olwandle aphenduka abomvu. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinhlanzi eziningi ziyafa, kepha ama-eel azivumelanise nobuthi. Imane ifakwe esikhunjeni nasezitho zomzimba womswakama.
Ubuthi benyama ye-Eel bugcwele ukulunywa, ukuba ndikindiki kwemilenze, ulimi, isifo sohudo, nobunzima bokugwinya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukunambitheka kwensimbi kuzwakala emlonyeni. Cishe i-10% yalabo abanobuthi bakhubazekile ngokufa okulandelayo.
I-sea eel
I-Mackerel
Umndeni uhlanganisa i-tuna, i-mackerel, i-horse mackerel, i-bonito. Zonke ziyadliwa. I-tuna ibhekwa njengesibiliboco. AT inhlanzi enobuthi yomhlaba ama-mackerel "abhalwa phansi" njenge-stale. Inyama iqukethe i-histidine.
I-amino acid. Itholakala kuma-protein amaningi. Lapho izinhlanzi zigcinwa zifudumele isikhathi eside, kuvela amabhaktheriya aguqula i-histidine ibe yi-saurin. Kuyinto efana ne-histamine. Ukusabela komzimba kuwo kufana nokungezwani komzimba okunzima.
Inyama ye-mackerel enobuthi ingabonakala ngokunambitheka kwayo okubabayo, nokushisayo. Ngemuva kokudla inyama, ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa umuntu uqala ukuphathwa yikhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iyoma emlonyeni, kuba nzima ukugwinya, inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngokushesha. Ekugcineni, kuvela imivimbo ebomvu esikhunjeni. Ziyaluma. Ubuthi buhambisana nohudo.
Ubuthi be-mackerel buvezwa ekusetshenzisweni kwenyama yezinhlanzi hhayi entsha
Sterlet
Lokhu izinhlanzi ezibomvu zinobuthi ngenxa yama-vizigi - ukulele okwenziwe ngendwangu eminyene. Ingena esikhundleni somgogodla wenhlanzi. IViziga ifana nentambo. Iqukethe uqwanga nezicubu ezixhuma. Inhlanganisela ayinabungozi inqobo nje uma inhlanzi isasha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sizzle spoils ishesha ukwedlula inyama yesitina. Ngakho-ke, uqwanga lungadliwa kuphela ngosuku lokuqala ngemuva kokubamba izinhlanzi.
Hhayi kuphela i-screech engonakalisa ukudla, kepha ne-gallbladder ye-sterlet eqhuma ngesikhathi sokukhishwa. Okuqukethwe kwesitho kunika inyama ukunambitheka okumunyu. Isisu esingahle sicasuke.
Inhlanzi eyi-Sterlet
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile nokondleka, izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-300 zezinhlanzi ziba nobuthi. Ngakho-ke, kwezokwelapha kunegama elithi ciguatera. Zikhombisa ubuthi bezinhlanzi. Amacala eCiguatera ajwayelekile ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezisogwini loLwandlekazi iPacific naseWest Indies.
Ngezikhathi ezithile, izibiliboco ezinjengokuthi: i-grouper enamabala, i-carax ephuzi, i-sea carp, i-anchovy yaseJapan, i-barracuda, ibhokisi elinezimpondo zifakiwe kuhlu lwama-inedibles.
Inani eliphelele lezinhlanzi emhlabeni lidlula izinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20. Amakhulu ayisithupha anobuthi abukeka njengengxenyana encane. Kodwa-ke, uma kubhekwa ukuhlukahluka kwezinhlanzi ezinobuthi zesibili nokwanda kwezinhlanzi ezinobuthi eziyinhloko, umuntu akufanele akubukele phansi "ukuncipha" okukhethekile kwesigaba.
